Kuyini indawo eziphakeme? Ukuphakama ukuchaza i-Eurasia yayigcwele

Bambalwa abantu khumbula esikoleni, yini engamamitha ukuchaza. Lo mqondo uchaza ushintsho njengoba uhamba phezulu izici sezulu kwetinhlavu impumuzo, enamadwala inhlabathi Ukwakheka, kanye yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa ngenxa ezinye zezizathu, ezifana ulwazi olungalungile mayelana ingxenye ngayinye, eziphakeme zone landscape libhekene nemingcele kulinganiswa kakhulu ngokunembile: zezulu geomorphic.

Izitshalo zinokuphila okunempilo kanye nezinye izingxenye ukuthi zakha indawo eziphakeme

Nakuba izimila (naphezu esigabeni sakhe njalo futhi othakazelisayo izindawo) akuzona zonke izimo, nokubonisa isimo isithiyo yesimanje Imininingwane ukuba ngaphansi kwezici eziningana, akufanele ukuba kuphazamise ukubaluleka kwayo kwetinhlavu imibono ngalokho indawo eziphakeme.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, inhlangano ezivamile nezinezimo izimila kwendawo yemvelo ngoba ezihlukahlukene eziphakeme impumuzo ubhekwa neyamukelekayo okunengqondo. Izimfanelo yezingxenye - uhlaza, umhlabathi Ukwakheka, isimo sezulu, nezilwane, kanye nemvelo ngokuvamile landscape zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amagatsha ka altitudinal esishintshashintshayo. Ukuze izinhlelo ezahlukene entabeni, awafani. Ikakhulukazi, eziphakeme zone Ural ezintabeni zizohluka kwezabantu Tibet engamamitha esishintshashintshayo. Ukuze kahle futhi enokwethenjelwa ukwehlukana landscape endaweni, kubalulekile ukwaba uphawu Imininingwane onhlobonhlobo.

Izizathu esishintshashintshayo altitudinal

Uma eqhathaniswa emathafeni, ezinkangala ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo iphezulu kakhulu - ezikhathini 2-5. Kodwa uyini imbangela "ephezulu liphumele" izindawo zemvelo ezinkangala?

Izinto eziyinhloko - lena indawo ephezulu yezintaba, futhi indawo yabo ezindawo. izindawo zemvelo siyashintsha cishe iyafana uma ushayela ku-plain kusukela eningizimu kuya enyakatho. Nokho, uma ushayela entabeni sezwe lolu shintsho ezingokoqobo futhi kwenzeka emachibini iphansana.

Eziphakeme ibhande liletha ubuningi ekhona Ezindaweni ezishisayo. Esikhathini band Arctic umbuthano ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuphakama ezintabeni inombolo encane kunazo zonke izingxenye ezinjalo.

Isimo sezulu ezintabeni

zonation Altitudinal ezintabeni kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa sezulu. Zonke zone ephezulu liphumele ihlanganisa ezintabeni ohlangothini ngalunye, kodwa hhayi ngaso sonke temandla okufanayo ku emthambekeni okuphambene. Phansi ezintabeni isimo sezulu okunye okucishe kufane evumelana nesimo sezulu emathafeni ezizungezile. Ngenhla eziyizitezi kukhona esikahle, bese sezulu ngokwanele ezinzima. Phezulu kukhona indawo ye eyiqhwa neqhwa. Futhi, njengazo, sisondelene weLanga - ngakho, ngemcondvo, zasehlobo, kanti empeleni akunjalo.

Nakuba okuhlukile zenzeka, futhi. Lokhu kufakazela ukuthi umyalo zone engamamitha - hhayi buyinto elingalodwa, futhi kuncike ezintweni eziningi. ESiberia, kukhona izindawo lapho isimo sezulu elibuhlungu esinqeni kuka emithambekeni. Lokhu kungenxa yokungabi air kwegazi emigodini phakathi kwezintaba.

Zinjani zone eziphakeme ezintaba zase-Eurasia?

I asondeze ezintabeni kuya eningizimu, aba maningi inombolo futhi ezihlukahlukene engamamitha esishintshashintshayo. Urals - omunye omele kakhulu entabeni izinhlelo.

Engxenyeni eseningizimu yaleli zone eziphakeme yezintaba zase-Ural has imikhakha engaphezu kuka-kuka enyakatho, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ezintabeni eningizimu ngezansi. Esikhathini enyakatho ingxenye kukhona kuphela entabeni-emathafeni ibhande.

Black Sea coast kanye lase-Amur-Sakhalin esifundeni

kubi nakakhulu Ngokuphambene esishintshashintshayo ku Sea coast of eCaucasus. Kwakusele ihora nje kude ngemoto, ungaya ukusuka ogwini ezinesimo sezulu Sochi ngenxa sezulu sub-alpine yaseNtshonalanga eCaucasus.

Endaweni Amur-Sakhalin esivela kuzo zonke izifunda zombuso uphawu efanayo - landscape isakhiwo emapheshana. Basuke ihlukaniswe:

• gornotundrovuyu;
• podgoltsovy - kedrovnikah yene, emahlathini ezingavamile Ajan sonwele kodwa futhi ngamazinga ahlukene itshe lokuhlushwa birch.

Esifundazweni saseningizimu Sikhote-Alin unazo zonke izici ejwayelekile izingxenye Amur altitudinal.

imikhakha engeziwe yilezi ezilandelayo: ongaphakeme ezintabeni strip (umsedari ehlathini namahlamvu ezibanzi inhlabathi wabenza, kanye nesimo sezulu) Mid band (amahlathi zezihlahla kanye ohambelana ebusweni eyisisekelo), strip Bald (ingxube conifer Proleski, uzigcinele ukukhula umsedari Slanic, o-Ashera itshe birch) Goltsovoye strip ngokwayo, okuyinto emathafeni ngefomu okumsulwa.

Uma isimo sezulu siba yezwekazi ngaphezulu, ohlelweni ezifana kunezelwa amahlathi lezihlahla. Ezintabeni esentshonalanga South Sikhote-Alin izikhathi abakhona entabeni emathafeni strip podgoltsevyh nezihlahla (noma ezinwabuzelayo emahlathini asezintabeni), band Erman oyisigwegwe, ibhande fir-sonwele amahlathi (sonwele), ibhande broadleaf-pine amahlathi (pine amahlathi), ibhande kwamahlathi lezihlahla nebhande ihlathi .

Ukwencika nezihlahla nentaba eziphakeme

Kuze kube manje, zanqwabelana isamba esikhulu idatha emayelana okusezingeni eliphezulu kangakanani mkhawulo we strip ihlathi eningizimu Sikhote-Alin. I amplitude eziphakeme wadala mkhawulo ku ugodo eziqongweni ezithile futhi nemithambeka uhla efanayo, ithatha amagugu ngokwanele ezinkulu futhi ifinyelela amamitha angaphezu kwangu-300 thwi.

Okuhle lubonakale mkhuba jikelele nge ukwanda ukuphakama phezulu mkhawulo we ihlathi futhi sigudluke phezulu (umphumela ukuphakama afanayo). Nokho, nakuba izintaba zikude kolwandle kude in the uhla kusuka amakhilomitha 15 kuya 105, lihlela isilinganiso phakathi kwama ukuphakama umugqa imithi sokudlondlobala cishe ngenxa yokuma kwayo indawo ngayinye okufanayo. Lo mphumela akusiwo okunengqondo kakhulu, futhi ulindele, futhi ngenxa yalokho akudingeki athole incazelo.

Incoherence kuzibonakalisa iqiniso lokuthi lokhu Ingxenye refutes ithonya elikhulu kolwandle isikhundla umngcele engenhla yehlathi. Ukuze yini ukunemba kakhudlwana, ngaphakathi kwemingcele yaseNingizimu Sikhote-Alin ulwandle ithonya esiyitholayo esishintshashintshayo eliphezulu ngamandla okungenani zilingana. Okungukuthi, eziphakeme zone ezintaba zase-Eurasia akuzona engaphansi nokunye ukutholakala zezilwandle.

Kungenjalo, ngezabelo esinjalo ugu kungatshalwa eziqongweni zezintaba e zindawo (Hualaza-Litovka, Pidan-Livadijsky, Tavayza-Brusnichnaya) akudingeki ibe nkulu. Lapha kuthinta umthelela umngcele engenhla eziphakeme ehlathini zokhahlamba. Ngaphakathi accordance nga lo isici lwabelwe Google kuphela Intaba, intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke e-Southern Sikhote-Alin.

Ukuchaza lokhu mkhuba ngezindlela ezimbili: kuphakathi kokuthi amalungu afanayo okwamanje uphakeme kakhulu kangangokuthi okushisa embundwini belinganisa ugodo ifinyelele ukuphakama esiphezulu esifundeni, noma ethathwe esimweni lizama ukuzivumelanisa nendawo elingenhla umkhawulo sezulu izimila ayizange ingashintshwa nalokho. Izingxenye altitudinal esishintshashintshayo esivela cranberry entabeni, nakho libhekene iziqongo ingxenye ezisogwini kanye South futhi Ephakathi Sikhote-Alin, njengoba kubonakala okusezingeni eliphezulu emahlathini asezintabeni kwamahlathi oki.

Eziphakeme zone - into eyingqayizivele e nemvelo

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, uyini zone eziphakeme, umuntu kumelwe aqonde ukuthi le iyisici eyinqaba kakhulu ukuthi defies imithetho jikelele. Kunezici eziningi ngabanye ukuthi kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwe-climate, uhlobo izimila nezilwane. Ulwazi kule ndawo avele ngenxa yocwaningo eziningi methodical. Ukushintsha i-latitude kuthinta izinga soshintsho imini nobusuku, kanye ezithile zonyaka sezulu imibuso. Lonke ulwazi ngenhla, kodwa, hhayi uchaza ngokucacile lokho eziphakeme zone. Kafushane - ushintsho sezulu esihlukahlukene nge okwandisa indawo ephezulu yezintaba.