UMthetho Federal № 127 we ngongakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu ka-October 26, 2002. ukuqashelwa ucabanga

Noma yimuphi umsebenzi kwezomnotho emhlabeni wanamuhla - njalo kunengozi ezithile. Nokho, uma umuntu wahlanganyela ekwenzeni imali kule ndawo, uyaqonda ukuthi kungenzeka ukusaphazwa kwemali. Uma kungenjalo, ungaba omunye ukuba nemiphumela emakethe izici. Nokho, ngisho ikhumbula izici enikeziwe, ezomnotho uya eba ethandwa. A mkhuba esifanayo ngenxa zezimali eliphezulu kulomkhakha. Abantu bayaqonda ukuthi inzuzo enkulu kungaba e inqubo ukuxhumana ngqo emakethe futhi izingxenye zalo oqondile.

Ngakho, ngo-Russian Federation namuhla, cishe nsuku zonke kukhona amasha izinkampani, ngabanye - osomabhizinisi. Kodwa inkinga eyinhloko izingozi ezilotshwe ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko. Ngo umkhuba hhayi abadlali kwezomnotho njalo ngokwanele kungaba ukuhlangabezana nezibopho zakhe noma lowo mlingiswa. Ukuhlonishwa ucabanga kuleli cala - okuwukuphela kwendlela isixazululo ophucukile inkinga. Kuze kube manje, lo eside kuzwakele kubo bonke, kodwa abaningi abawazi ukuthi sisho ukuthini ngempela. Masizame ukuchaza "ucabanga" isigaba, kanye ukugqamisa timphawu letitinkhomba kanye zokulawula nohlaka olubhekele.

Umqondo ngongakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu

AbaLawula noma ucabanga, ingabukwa ngezindlela eziningana. Lokhu mthethonqubo zoMthetho Federal № 127 "Ngo abaLawula" unikeza incazelo zomthetho umqondo ezikweletini. Nokho, kungase futhi ibhekwe ngokombono umnotho. Kwebalingisi abathembekile iningi ngongakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu ine izici kwezomnotho kanye zomthetho. Ngakho, inikezwe ngemuva ezincwadini udaba bese izici zayo ejwayelekile, singasho ukuthi ukwehluleka - yinqubo eyenziwa neziphathimandla zikahulumeni, ngokuvumelana ukwehluleka nakwabangenangqondo ukukhokha zonke izibopho ekhona ngokugcwele. Kulokhu, ngokuvumelana nemithetho zoMthetho Federal № 127 "Ngo abaLawula", ukuze izibopho ezinjalo zihlanganisa izidingo sokubolekwayo, isibopho sokubuyisela ezifanele intela kahulumeni.

izinqubo umqondo Positive

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi akubona bonke uyazi ukuthi inqubo ucabanga nje kuphela okuhloswe ngaso ukuqashelwa ukwehluleka okweletayo sika ukuhlangabezana nezibopho zabo. Ngokuvamile, ukuqashelwa uyisehluleki zandulelwa inqubo yokuthuthukisa nesimo esingokwezimali okweletayo. Kulokhu, lo somabhizinisi kukhona izindlela ezahlukene zomnotho kanye lomthetho kaningi kungaba ukufezekisa imiphumela emihle. Uma isicelo sokuthatha lezi zinyathelo asisebenzi akunakwenzeka, umuntu neyaziwayo ungeke uzithole usuwile.

Izikhonzi inqubo kanye igunya

Banikezwe ocebile umkhuba zephasi ngokukhanyiselwa mkhakha womsebenzi zezimali, kufanele izinhlangano njengoba izifundo main kokuqhutshwa ucabanga kuphawulwe. Nokho, kwamanye amazwe kukhona izindlela mayelana nokwamukelwa izinhlangano ezikweletini kanye nabantu. ERussia namuhla kukhona emkhakheni wezomthetho kanye lokuqala nelesibili. Umzimba omkhulu ukuqaliswa inqubo WaseRussia kuyinto Court of Arbitration. Uhlelo lomthetho ucabanga isikhungo kungokwalabo ngokuphelele endaweni yebhizinisi komthetho.

isilawuli zokulawula

Kwamukelwa kwetinkhantolo ibhizinisi yimali - inqubo kunalokho kukhathaza futhi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kangaka. Ukuze sigweme noma ikuphi ukonakaliswa kuzo zonke izici le nqubo, sivumele isishaya-mthetho ikhiphe isiqondiso ezikhethekile. Ngosizo ucabanga ngqo kulawulwa umthetho. Lokhu zoMthetho Federal № 127 "Ngo abaLawula". Kuyinto ulwazi ukusetshenziswa eningiliziwe zonke inqubo ezinkulu zoMthetho ukwehluleka ukuqashelwa, nokunye. D.

umthetho kahulumeni

isenzo Legislative (127-FZ ka 26.10.2002) - idokhumenti ekhethekile zomthetho ohlobene ukuqashelwa yinkantolo of inhlangano engokomthetho ungeke uzithole usuwile. It ulawula inqubo zokuqeda lo muntu kanye nokwaneliseka izimangalo zonke abakweletwayo. Esikhathini Russian Federation, emnothweni zoMthetho Federal № 127 "Ngo abaLawula" It usungula izisekelo emnothweni Russian. isenzo normative siqukethe izahluko 12 no-233 izihloko. Uma sihlaziya ngokuningiliziwe kwemibandela yomthetho, ungakhetha izingxenye ngazinye lonke inqubo. Ziyakwazi ezizimele ngokugcwele. Nokho, ukuba kwabo kusikisela isakhiwo esinobunye lonke ngongakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu ekuqhutshweni.

Izinyathelo ngazinye (izinqubo) ucabanga

UMthetho Federal "Ngo abaLawula" ichaza izinqubo eziyisisekelo ezimbalwa ezisebenza okweletayo, ukuze sithuthukise isimo sayo sezimali. Ngakho, iningi le nqubo elandelayo iyosebenza:

• ukubhekwa;
• yokutakula wezimali;
• yokuncintisana ukulawula zangaphandle;
• isivumelwane sabo.

Zonke izigaba ngenhla azihloselwe ukubhubhisa nakwabangenangqondo. Kunalokho, ezimweni eziningi wonke umuntu ufuna ukuhlala at bakhe (abantu abakweletwayo ngalesi simo - uthole imali yakho, abakweletayo - hhayi ukulahlekelwa izinto zabo abazithandayo). Konke lokhu izinqubo akuzona kuphela imigomo oyinhloko, kodwa nangenduduzo indlela yekusetjentiswa.

Izikhonzi izinqubo

Ngamunye nezinqubo ngenhla nakuba beqaphela inhlangano engokomthetho yimali, wenza isifundo esithile womsebenzi zezimali. Lena umehluko phakathi kwabo, ngoba, ngokusho uchwepheshe, umphumela kuzohluka. Ngakho, ukufundwa kokuma zenziwa umlawuli yesikhashana, ukulawula yangaphandle - control kwangaphandle, ucabanga tinchubo - ucabanga umphathi, zezimali yokutakula - control zokuphatha. Lesi sici ezilungisiwe ngokugcwele 127-FZ "Ngo Ukuqothuka".

inqubo imisebenzi ngongakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu

Njengakho konke okunye kuleli zwe, inqubo ukuqashelwa yimali Ubuye imisebenzi yayo eqondile. Ukucutshungulwa amacala ucabanga kuyakuba ukuze kuzuzwe iminqopho ezimbili ezisemqoka, okuyilezi:

1. Buyisela izikweletu ukuze abakweletwayo ngalesi simo. Lapho umuntu akakwazi nganoma iyiphi indlela kube sengathi nguye obangela nezibopho zayo, omunye abakweletwayo isimo siba, njengoba izinkokhelo ezifanele wangafika. Ngakho, nokuqoqwa kwezikweletu sekuba kuqala ngoba kukhona isithakazelo yezwe, okuyinto, sekusilethela ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.
2. Eyesibili igunya Iwukubuyisela solvency we nakwabangenangqondo. Yingakho kusaqalwa kudala uhlelo lokutakula zezimali. Ngalo, asikho isidingo ukususa omunye wabadlali wemakethe kazwelonke. Kuyinto efanele okuningi ukusiza ekuvuseleleni izindawo, isibonelo, inkampani yayo "ingcebo kwezomnotho." Kulokhu, isithakazelo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuqhubeka ingxenye baqashwe wemakethe kanye nomnotho wonkana. Ukuze kuzuzwe imigomo kulokhu plan nokuvuselelwa. Lesi sigaba ukhona ukubuyisela solvency. kabusha uhlelo yena, ikuvumela ukuba lula inqubo bese kukhuphula ukusebenza ngendlela yayo.

Kukhethwa ethize phakathi lezi zinkombandlela kwenziwa ngqo "ngaso leso sikhathi" lapho sazi isiphetho esiqondile umuntu.

Isici esigabeni sokuqala ucabanga - ukuqapha

Ukuze ngokuphelele ukuqonda okushiwo umsebenzi we-Institute, kubalulekile ukuba sihlaziye izigaba eyinhloko ekwenzeni lokho okuhleliwe. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isinyathelo sokuqala sibizwa ngokuthi kwabaqaphi. Ngokuhambisana zoMthetho Federal № 127 "Ngo abaLawula" observation - ingenye inqubo yokuthi isetshenziswa ukuhlaziya isimo sezimali okweletayo sika, silondoloze ubunikazi bayo, njll Inqubo Kuphoqelekile, ngakho-ke njalo waqaphela ... Lokhu kungenxa ukubaluleka okukhulu observation. Phela, ngaphambi kokunquma yimali noma wokuvuselelwa ngokwendalo ibhizinisi, kubalulekile ukuqoqa ulwazi ngokwanele wezimali ukuze isinqumo walungisiswa amaqiniso.

Ukuze uqale nge observation zenqubo kudinga imvume kwesihlalo sokwahlulela arbitral. Uma kunjalo, okweletayo iqala ukuhlaziya ngqo bakwazi womsebenzi wayo. Okokuqala, udinga ukukhomba ngokuphelele bonke kweletu ukuhlaziya ukuthi asho ukuthini. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ikomidi noma umhlangano abakweletwayo. Kwezinye izimo, umbolekisi has ilungelo lokumisa oseceleni ngokuphelele womsebenzi ngokuqondene nokuvulwa izimali. Ukuze ukugcwaliseka leli lungelo, kukhona leso sikhungo, njengoba isitatimende ayemkweleta. Khumbula ukuthi observation zenqubo - ke yithuba ukuphuma umgodi izikweletu. Inzuzo main wukuthi izitho muntu okweletayo sika kungukuthi kwavala, nakuba abanye imingcele emsebenzini wabo ekhona.

Nokho, ucabanga ukuthi we LLC noma nezinye izinhlangano ezingokomthetho, ezifana esigabeni observation senzeka ngokuqokwa kwesiKhulu kumphathi yesikhashana. Lo oyedwa izenzo ngokuzimela yenqubo, ngokulinganisa ne "umthombo" umbusi waleli inkampani nakwabangenangqondo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi indima kumphathi yesikhashana libanzi. Eqinisweni, uma iqala ucabanga LLC noma enye inhlangano engokomthetho uhlobo, ukuthenga okuthile, izinkampani ungakwazi kuphela mazenzeke ukwamukelwa lakhe elilotshiwe. Ukuze ukuthengiselana zaloluhlobo:

1. Operations kuhlobane ngokuqondile ukuqaliswa noma olunye uhlobo sengqondo impahla ukuthi inenani engaphezu kuka 5% wezindleko esithwele inhlangano amafa.
2. imisebenzi Izimali: Ukukhishwa iziqinisekiso, ukubolekisa, ukubolekisa, njll Ukusetshenziswa okweletayo ku isixazululo yayo kuleli cala kuyadingeka ...

Ngakho, isinyathelo eyakusho liyithuluzi eliyinhloko ukuqaliswa inqubo kungasetjentiswa ngalokufanako. Ngalo eyenziwa ibanga obengeziwe izinqubo ezengeziwe.

izinqubo ozikhethela

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, okwashiwo - eyisisekelo, ukubhaliswa esiyisibopho ngongakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu ekuqhutshweni. Kulokhu, ukuvuselelwa zezimali, abaphathi zangaphandle, ucabanga tinchubo kanye isivumelwane - le nqubo ezengeziwe. Bangase badinge ngokuhamba ukuqashelwa ezikweletini. Nokho, ukukhetha ethile inqubo yesibili, kuzoncika ngokuphelele Iziphetho esifinyelela kuzo ngo-esigabeni observation. Ngakho, izinyathelo ezengeziwe ezisetshenziswa kuphela emva ukuhlaziya imisebenzi yezimali umuntu noma inhlangano. Zonke izigaba kuhlanganisa zoMthetho Federal. 127-FZ njengoba uchitshiyelwe (umbhalo ogcwele) ishicilelwe kumawebhusayithi ezisemthethweni iziphathimandla yombuso kanye zesifunda, kanye abezindaba.

isiphetho

Ngakho, kulesi sihloko siye kubuyekezwa kahle inqubo yezimali kanye wezomthetho ezikweletini, kanye nezindlela of ukugcwaliseka yayo. Ekuphetheni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi eziningi izindlela yalesi sikhungo namanje lingakhonjiswa buka, lapho kungasetshenziswa emkhakheni kwezomthetho nakwezomnotho, ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Futhi ngisho yinguqulo yakamuva alisiniketi incazelo eqondile nezinqubo. Mhlawumbe esikhathini esiseduze abameli esizayo kanye zezomnotho ukusebenza ndawonye baziqambela impumelelo design ukuqaliswa kwe-isikhungo ucabanga, okuyokwenza ukuba afeze kahle futhi ngokuphumelelayo, ukuze ulondoloze okweletayo, kunokuba idilize.