Chimkent esifundeni: incazelo, uhlu emadolobheni, ikakhulukazi sezulu kanye labantu

Shymkent esifundeni lamiswa ngo-March 10, 1932. Ekuqaleni yayibizwa ngokuthi iNingizimu Kazakhstan. Ngo-1962 kwathiwa kabusha Chimkent. Nokho, ngo-1992 esifundeni futhi waba ngowokuqala eNingizimu Kazakhstan. Le ndawo enkulu ngokwanele. Kundawo kuba 117.249 km ^2. Kule ndawo kukhona imingcele kusukela ngo-1973.

Likuphi kwendawo kanye nencazelo yayo jikelele

Kazakhstan - ezweni eyaziwa ukuba bakhulu. Futhi Chimkent esifundeni ingenye 14 ezakha leli lizwe. Kuyinto esifundeni eningizimu futhi inabantu abaningi. Amaphesenti umhlaba ndawo% 4.3 kuphela endaweni Kazakhstan. Labantu kulesi sifunda iyikhaya 15% abantu sebebonke yezwe. It is eqinisweni kakhulu. Ukwanda kwabantu abantu 23 ngamunye 1 km ^2.

Isiyonke imali Shymkent (South Kazakhstan) esifundeni siqukethe izifunda 11. Kukhona 8 amadolobha 7 emzaneni ensimini ka esifundeni. sokuqondisa emzini Shymkent (Shymkent). Lengamela esifundeni (e 2017) Zhanseit Tuymebayev.

Ukwakheka National sabantu futhi isibalo saso

Yiqiniso, iningi kule Shymkent esifundeni liyikhaya Kazakhs. I isilinganiso sabantu lokhu ubuzwe iphelile nje 70%. Futhi kulesi sifunda ukuphila okuningi Uzbek - mayelana 17%. Endaweni yesithathu mikhulu kakhulu Russian. Bahlala ngokulandelana 4.7%. Futhi indawo yokugcina kuhlala Tajiks - mayelana 1.2% bukhoma esifundeni nabantu bezinye izizwe - .. baseKorea, Azeris, amaGreki, njll, kodwa inani sasivumela encane. Sebebonke yesifunda-2015 zaba 2.788.404 abantu. Kusukela ngo-1970, futhi luye lwaqinisa izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-2. Belingana esemthethweni Kazakh yabo kuleli ngokwezibalo zika zonke izinhlangano kubhekwe ukuba Russian.

izici landscape

, мы выяснили — на юге Казахстана. Ngakho, uphi Chimkent esifundeni, sathola - eningizimu Kazakhstan. Iningi insimu yalo kuhlala Turan elisezansi. Nokho, ingxenye endaweni yayo ewela iqhubezela esentshonalanga Tian Shani. Iningi esifundeni ngaleyo ndlela limelela slabovskholmlennuyu plain. Ngo eningizimu-ntshonalanga bese enyakatho nesifunda kukhona ugwadule. Esikhathini eningizimu kakhulu welula Hunger asemaqeleni. Ngokusho kakhulu maphakathi emkhakheni sihamba ugema ka Karatau. Ngo esifundeni eningizimu-mpumalanga kukhona Ugam futhi Karzhantau. Esinye isici welula emaphethelweni Talas Alatau.

Kusukela eningizimu kuya enyakatho-ntshonalanga esifundeni iziphambano ezinkulu Syr Darya River. nemingenela yayo zihlanganisa aris, Kurukkeles, Keles. Womathathu la imifula entabeni. amanzi abo kabanzi esetshenziswa ukunisela. Enyakatho endaweni njengoba emfuleni Chu. Ehlobo sehlukaniswe elula. и множество пресных, а также соленых озер. Kukhona ensimini ka Shymkent esifundeni futhi ezihlukahlukene amachibi ahlanzekile kanye nosawoti.

Isimo sezulu

Le ndawo ku Ezindaweni eningizimu, kude le olwandle. Ngakho-ke, isimo sezulu lapha ngqo yezwekazi futhi eyomile kakhulu. Ehlobo, isimo sezulu ngokuvamile endaweni Shymkent liyashisa. Isilinganiso Julayi lokushisa lonyaka bengase bazikhandlele 29 ° C. Inani imvula akuyona ezingaphezu kuka 100-400 mm ngonyaka. Baningi impela imvula neqhwa uwela kuphela yasehlanzeni (kufika ku-800 mm) nezintaba eziphakeme (kufika ku 1000 mm).

Ubusika baseSiberia Chimkent esifundeni ngokwanele abandayo kanye nesithwathwa kancane. I-annual lokushisa kwemini Januwari kuya -11 ° C enyakatho, eningizimu - -2 ° C.

Izimila nezilwane yesifunda

Chimkent esifundeni - lokhu kubandakanya izindawo eziningi ehlane. Sands hlala bakha ingxenye enkulu yabamemezeli esifundeni. Izitshalo endaweni emelelwa izitshalo nesomiso ukumelana. Ehlane kukhona saxaul, omnyama nomhlophe, komthamariske nezinye ezihlabayo efanayo. Esikhathini floodplains we Syr Darya futhi Chu Flora ngaphezulu ahlukahlukene. nenhlabathi evundile e esifundeni futhi impela eningi. Ezimfundeni kukhona sikhule zonke izinhlobo amakhambi. Yiqiniso, zikhona eduze kwamanzi kanye imihlanga. Futhi ngomfula ungakwazi ukugcina izindawo kwamahlathi riparian futhi willow Turangi.

amabhande Altitudinal ezintabeni Chimkent esifundeni libizwa. Phansi lamagquma yokwelula lamathafa nezimila kwaphela. Kancane kokungaphezulu feather utshani emaqeleni futhi alpine izimfunda.

Abameleli beNdikimba nezilwane ezihlukahlukene esifundeni baphile ikakhulukazi ehlane futhi asemaqeleni. Okungenani kule uwuhlobo oluhlukile namagundane - izingwejeje, jerboa, gerbils, nezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Ezintabeni endaweni abahlala argali, ibex, amabhere. Kukhona lapha nezingwe. Ezindaweni ezinamahlathi eduze nemifula iyona Insimu nezimpisi, ochakide ferrets, izimpungushe kanye izingulube zasendle. Of izinyoni ezihlala ezintabeni amanqe, kanye namachibi - goose kanye amadada. Class ezihuquzelayo kule Shymkent esifundeni umelwe hhayi kuphela izinyoka, izibankwa, kodwa futhi izimfudu.

Aksu-Zhabagly Indawo egicna imvelo

I zezilwane nezimila kwendawo, ngeshwa, akuyona ahlukahlukene ikakhulukazi. ayindlala nakakhulu kwenza umsebenzi womuntu. Futhi-ke, isimo esingavamile yalesi sifunda entabeni-plain oswela ukuvikelwa. , которая впоследствии стала частью Южно-Казахстанской области, был организован Аксу-Джабаглинский заповедник. Kule ndaba, ngo-1926 i-Insimu iqhubezela entshonalanga nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga Talas Alatau, kamuva elaba ingxenye South Kazakhstan esifundeni, ke kwakuhlelwa Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve. Le ndawo ingqikithi esiqiwini ingaphezu 70 eziyinkulungwane. Amahektha.

Ngezinye esiqiwini hlala izilwane ezingavamile ezifana, isibonelo, ingungumbane, iqhwa ingwe, izinyamazane, imbuzi kanye t laseSiberia. D. Ibhekane zigciniwe njengoba inyoni ahlukahlukene. I ezingavamile kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona bustard futhi umfundisi.

esifundeni Amadolobha

I sokuqondisa Shymkent esifundeni, njengoba sekushiwo, lingumuzi Shymkent. Iningi lamadolobha esifundeni BakaJehova babebizwa eyasungulwa ngo kwamaSoviet ngenjongo yezimayini noma wesitimela iziteshi. I isikhungo lesifunda of esifundeni - Shymkent - elinye lamalokishi ezintathu elikhulu Kazakhstan. Igama layo uhumusha kusuka Turkish ngokuthi "idolobha oluhlaza" noma "ingadi idolobha".

Ngokungafani nezinye nemizana kakhulu elikhulu esifundeni, Shymkent based kwaba kudala. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala ke esukela emuva 1425 (incazelo imikhankaso yezempi ka Timur). Kodwa izazimlando abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isiphetho esizeni Shymkent yesimanje kakade owawukhona ekhulwini XII.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside, nomuzi wawungowegolide ingxenye Kazakh Khanate. Ngo-1864 wathatha amabutho Russian. Ngo-1914 edolobheni iqanjwe kabusha Chernyaev. Nokho, kamuva uhulumeni wamaSoviet wabuya igama yakhe yangaphambili.

Idolobha elikhulu Chimkent ndawo kusukela Shymkent - Turkestan futhi Saryagash ke. Eyokuqala yasungulwa Shymkent ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho. Settlement esizeni emzini Turkestan kusolakala ukuthi kwenzeka kuze kufike emuva njengoba 500 AD. Ekuqaleni lalibizwa Shavgar, futhi kamuva - Yasa. Turkestan itholakala cishe abangu-160 km kusuka Shymkent, eduze Syr Darya.

edolobheni Saryagash etholakala eduze komngcele Kazakh-Uzbek. Ibanga kusukela Tashkent kuyinto km 15 kuphela. Wasungula idolobha ku kwamaSoviet. Kwaba ekuqaleni kwalesi sigodi. Kamuva waba idolobha.

Omunye wemizi emikhulu yezimboni Shymkent esifundeni - Lenger. labantu Its ikakhulukazi wahlanganyela isizinda kwamalahle. Elisedolobheni endaweni Tolebi ngaphakathi Ugham yokhalo.

Ngaphandle Shymkent, Saryagash, Lengerich futhi Turkestan, esifundeni kukhona emadolobheni ezifana:

• Kentau.
• Aris.
• Chardara.
• Zhetysai.

Ezinye ingxenye labantu uhlala emizaneni endaweni Shymkent. е м ирлановка, Кызыргут, Аксукент, Шаульдер, имени Турара Рыскулова, Шолоккорган. Emadolobha ngobukhulu nasemizaneni yalokho Shayan, h e m irlanovka, Kyzyrgut, Aksukent, Shaulder, igama Turar Ryskulov Sholokkorgan. Kentau, Turkestan futhi aris ngamadoloba kwakuwukuthi lesifunda.

Izindawo Chimkent esifundeni

Ubukhulu yesifunda mikhulu. Izifunda liqukethe 11. Le ndawo ngobukhulu kulokhu Suzak - 41.049 km ^2. Isikhungo zokuphatha besifunda itholakala edolobhaneni Sholokkorgan. I elinabantu abaningi kakhulu izindawo esifundeni Sairam. Kukhona lawo lalingaba zinkulungwane 311. Abantu. Kule ndawo besifunda kuba 1665 kuphela km ^2.

Isifunda sika umnotho: umkhakha

Izakhamuzi endaweni bekwi ikakhulukazi amabhizinisi, onguchwepheshe yezimayini. Futhi esifundeni, ke wakha okuningi izimboni ngoba kucutshungulwa izinto zokusetshenziswa kwezolimo. Ingxenye labantu ukwenza ukulima emasimini eniselwayo nemfuyo.

Industries e Chimkent (South Kazakhstan) ezindaweni achazwayo kanje:

• Imayini nezimayini;
• izinsimbi non-ayoni;
• isiqoqi sama-softwe;
• imithi;
• chemical;
• ukudla.

Ikhiqizwa amalahle, itshe-nsimbi futhi polymetallic, igesi, limestone, asebenza ngebhethri, Gypsum, nobumba. Itholakala ku insimu yalo kanye imali kunamatshe ayigugu ahlukahlukene. Eyakhelwe esifundeni njengoba usimende, isitini, ubumba enwetshiwe nokunye. D. Izitshalo.

Ezolimo kanye Imfuyo

Emasimini zikhule ikakhulu ukotini, ukolweni, ibhali, irayisi, ummbila, oilseeds kanye amakhabe. athuthukiswe kahle ku Shymkent esifundeni viticulture kanye ukulima (ipheya, Quince, zamapetshisi, apula).

Sheep imfuyo owandile esifundeni. Futhi impela eningi endaweni amapulazi onguchwepheshe avalele izinkomo zizalela. abahwebi Private zihlanganisa izingulube, amahhashi, izinkukhu, namakamela, nezimbongolo.

Ezokuthutha esifundeni

Ubude ingqikithi nojantshi Shymkent esifundeni imayelana 700 km. Inqamula pass yayo onguthelawayeka Orenburg - Tashkent, aris - Almaty. Ubude umgwaqo mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 5 izinkulungwane. Km.

wegesi

"Blue nophethiloli" esifundeni uyakwazi ukuhlinzeka uqobo. Base - Shymkent - Ngo-December 2010, ukwakhiwa iphayiphi igesi Beineu wethulwa esifundeni. Ngaphandle Kazakhstan, ngokuvumelana lo mugqa "fuel blue" is athunyelwa eChina. Ubude ingqikithi iphayiphi 1.5 ayizinkulungwane. Km. Kulinganiselwa inkonzo nokuphila - iminyaka engu-30.

zokungcebeleka

Ngaphezu Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve e-Shymkent esifundeni zikhona yini ezinye izindawo eziningi ezithakazelisayo izivakashi. Ngokwesibonelo, esifundeni kukhona ezikhangayo ezifana:

1. Mausoleum ka Haji Ahmed Yasawi. Ingabe isakhiwo lasendulo emzini Turkestan. Ingabe yamisa Mausoleum oda Tamerlane e-1395 Ngaphambi kwalokho, ku-site izindawo, okuyinto wehlele namuhla, zazimane yokungcwaba abadumile Sufi imbongi Yasavi.
2. Mausoleum Arystanbab. Lesi sakhiwo ubudala iseduze Shaulder emzaneni. A Mausoleum lakhiwa phezu lalikanye uthisha Ahmet Yasavi umshumayeli Arystanbab. ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa ngokuphathelene nakho esikhathini ukwakhiwa kwale ndawo akuyona mlando. Kukholakala ukuthi Mausoleum lamiswao ekhulwini XII. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ke labhujiswa amabutho Jochi. Mausoleum elibuyiselwe Tamerlane.

Futhi esifundeni kukhona ezifana izinto ezithakazelisayo njengoba Karatau egicna imvelo, Shymkent zoo, Abay epaki, nokunye. D. Edolobheni Lenger endaweni Shymkent ungabona lesikhumbuzo kuya isibalo somphakathi kwekhulu XVII. Tole Bey.