Ukujula Kokuhlakanipha isisekelo strip: amalungiselelo eziyisisekelo. Indlela ukucacisa kwesisekelo strip ukujula

Ngesisekelo yiliphi ibhilidi - isisekelo. Nge umsebenzi wakhe isiqalo ukwakhiwa. Strip isisekelo kabanzi lisetshenziswe ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese kanye nezakhiwo zezimboni. Iletha kuyakhiwa enezindonga esindayo noma ophahleni. Ukujula Kokuhlakanipha isisekelo strip ibalwa kusengaphambili, ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakhiwa main. It kuncike lezimo eziningana.

Ukunqunywa ukujula

Ukujula Kokuhlakanipha isisekelo strip - ibanga ukusuka iphuzu impela ebusweni engaphansi emhlabathini. Esakhuluma ngayo le ndaba kuyinto trapezium noma isikwele. Lokhu value ibalwa. Ukuze abale idinga ulwazi oluthile - ubunjiniyela, umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu. Ikhwalithi kanye nomklamo onokwethenjelwa isakhiwo esizayo, ikhumbula zonke umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ungenziwa kuphela ukwenza onguchwepheshe.

Uyini kwesisekelo strip ukujula liyadingeka esimweni ngasinye, ayikwazi ukucaciswa ngokuqondile ngenombolo izinkomba. Ukuze zonke izinhlobo lezisekelo, kusukela noma iziphi izinto ukuba kwenziwe, babehlale acabangele.

Bona ukucacisa kwesisekelo strip ukujula. Izinhlinzeko main evumela umklamo:

• uhlobo izici umhlabathi;
• isizinda umthwalo (isisindo isakhiwo);
• the inhlabathi okokuqandisa ukujula;
• Isikhukhula samakamela siyokusibekela, inhlabathi noma impahla ukushintsha kwemigomo umthamo yayo kuncike ezingeni lokushisa elifanele;
• izici isakhiwo (khona egumbini, inani izibuya);
• izinkomba izinga komhlaba.

Ukwahlukanisa ngohlobo

Strip isisekelo - isiqeshana esiqhubekayo impahla eziqinile (ngokuvamile ukhonkolo), egijima kanye azungezwe lonke isakhiwo. Kubekeni ngaphansi zonke izindonga dolobha Ingaphakathi nengaphandle. Yenza lokhu ngendlela base isisekelo ebanzi ngaphandle izindonga ngokwabo okungenani 10 cm.

Eza amafomu amabili: Monolithic futhi prefabricated, kodwa kokubili ngokuthi "strip esisekelweni. ' Ukujula kwawo ibalwa kokubili zilwane. Monolithic badinge isikhathi esengeziwe ukuze ukufakwa, kodwa kuvumela kahle ukuvikela engaphansi kusukela umswakama bese belingisa yikuphi ukucushwa isisekelo. ukwakhiwa okunjalo isetshenziswa womshini ukhonkolo.

Leli lungiselelo lokukhulekela Precast kwagcizelela ibhande azithathe isisekelo noma izitini zikakhonkolo, ezibuye of ngosayizi ojwayelekile. I ungqimba engezansi amabhlogo ukujula kumele okungenani ibe 15 amasentimitha ngezansi inhlabathi okokuqandisa ukujula. isisekelo akhiwo:

• I-ukwakha okwalandela kwalo izindonga amatshe, ukhonkolo noma isitini nge kwabantu ngenhla 1300 kg / m ^3;
• ukuze kwakhiwe izakhiwo esindayo kuso, futhi enamandla kwagcizelela izibuya aphathekako;
• uma izindonga isisekelo Precast umhlabathi noma engaphansi;
• uma isisekelo sibekwa inhlabathi heterogeneous.

Ukwahlukanisa ngokubeka ukujula

Hlukanisa izisekelo bese kubekwa ukujula:

• Melkozaglublenny esetshenziselwa izindlu ukukhanya on nenhlabathi slabopuchinistyh. Ukujula Kokuhlakanipha base itheyiphu yalolu hlobo zokhahlamba kusuka ngamasentimitha 50 70.
• Lalihlehliswa ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha amakhaya e izibuya eziningana, nezindonga esindayo noma engaphansi ku ugonyuluka nenhlabathi. Leso sisekelo laying ngesikhathi ukujula kusuka 20 cm 30 cm ngezansi izinga inhlabathi okokuqandisa. Lolu hlobo lwe-sisekelo, Yiqiniso, ithembeke kakhulu futhi ayikho ngaphansi ukusonteka. Ngakho, ukuphila inkonzo yayo kakhulu obukhulu kunobukaJohane base melkozaglublennogo.

Kahle sabala kwesisekelo ukujula ngeke simvumele ukuba akhonze kuze kube iminyaka engu-70 ngaphandle yesondlo. Ngenhla base phansi kufanele avuswe ezingeqile kwezingama-30 amasentimitha. Le ngxenye zingenziwa ngezitini, itshe noma izitini zikasimende.

Ngebuhle nebubi

Uhlobo ngalunye strip isisekelo kunezinzuzo ezithile:

• Monolithic:

- eqinile;

- okunokwethenjelwa;

- Noma yimuphi ukucushwa kungenzeka.

• amaqembu:

- Easy ukuba babuthane;

- okunciphisa ukukhiqizwa isizinda isikhathi.

I yokuntula of zonke izinhlobo strip izisekelo yilezi:

• semali isikhathi ukukhiqiza wonke umsebenzi odingekayo;
• inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi;
• zidinga utshalomali olwenziwe.

Isisekelo zikasimende kancane esisebenzayo. Ifanele ikakhulu lokwakha amafomu alula (nge eziyinkimbinkimbi ukucushwa izindawo kudingeka usike amabhlogo) futhi ngesikhathi amalunga omzimba angase avuze.

Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo strip isisekelo alisetshenziswa ukuze kwakhiwe izakhiwo, kudinga ukucabanga ngokucophelela base konke ukujula.

Kuye inhlabathi

Uhlobo precoat ungqimba kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kubalwa kwesisekelo ukujula. Kulolu hlu lihlotshaniswa ezingeni komhlaba ku isilinganiso kwabo kuxhomeke, njengoba uzobe ifakwe strip isisekelo. ukujula balo buyahluka kuye ukubunjwa nenhlabathi ngokwayo. Lobu buhlobo kungabonwa kulelithebula lelingentasi:

inhlabathi okokuqandisa

Isikhombisi esibalulekile ekutholeni kahle ukuthi kuyadingeka kwesisekelo strip ukujula okokuqandisa kwenhlabathi. Ngenxa ezifana imihlola ngokomzimba njengoba ukwanda umthamo wamanzi ngesikhathi lwaluyophola, kufanele wazi ncamashi frost Ukungena ukujula. Ebusika, umswakama eziqukethwe okokuqandisa inhlabathi, uqala ukwandisa ivolumu. Primer "puchitsya", sikhohlwe phezu isiphi isakhiwo egxilile therein.

Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa ayikwazi dengwane. amandla zeqhwa amanzi siphezulu kakhulu (khumbula kalula iqhwa ephula ipayipi). ukunyakaza okunjalo bomhlaba kungaholela ekubhujisweni base.

Futhi lapho value of the izinga inhlabathi, njengoba kufakazelwa basebentisa idatha leniketiwe ethebuleni.

Ngesilinganiso okusezingeni eliphezulu inhlabathi ugonyuluka strip isisekelo kumelwe nakanjani babe Monolithic. ukujula ebandayo incike izimo zezulu kwendawo futhi indawo yayo ezindawo. Ngayinye indawo ngazinye ukujula izibalo kufanele kwenziwe izisekelo laying ngesisekelo isilinganiso yonyaka lokushisa izinkomba.

Ukuhluleka ukwenza njalo kungaholela ukusonteka izindonga nokubhujiswa sonke isakhiwo.

komhlaba

Okuhlangenwe nakho kubonisa ukuthi lekutimela emi (isilinganiso) komhlaba kungaba sina ulungise ekubalweni ukuphakama tape obeka isisekelo. Uma amanzi phansi ebusika aliphumi ngenhla 2 amamitha angu ezingeni (kakhulu) inhlabathi okokuqandisa, ezingeni inhlabathi okokuqandisa dengwane.

Kungenjalo, ngibeke isisekelo njalo ngaphansana ezingeni inhlabathi umnkantsha at 20-30 cm. Ngenxa budebuduze naleli amanzi futhi inhlabathi ezimanzi ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi (abandayo) kakhulu ngokujulile.

Ukujula Kokuhlakanipha komhlaba

Isisekelo ngaphansi kwendlu, ngaphezu zonke ezinye izimo, kufanele inake isakhiwo isakhiwo ngokwaso. Uma ihlinzeka engaphansi, le kwesisekelo strip ngaphansi kwendlu ukujula ehlelwa ngamasentimitha 40 ngaphansana ezingeni phansi egumbini. Ngakho ngempela acabangele ezingeni inhlabathi umnkantsha (kuleli cala, ematheni isizinda kumele libe lincane), njengoba izinga the emanzini angajulile (isizinda yedwa kufanele kube ngaphezulu).

At phansi isisekelo isakhiwo esifanelekayo ngaphandle sela at ukujula ezincane kakhulu - 70 amasentimitha. Ngo nenhlabathi yezimvula, amanzi aleli ngamasentimitha 120 ukujula ubuncane.

izindlu

Mahhala emi esakhiweni endaweni suburban akudingi ukunakwa esingaphansi endlini. Nge ukwakhiwa amancane ukukhanya kwesisekelo strip ukujula ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze okugeza kungenziwa kuya ngamasentimitha 50 70 ukujula. Lokhu kwanele ukusekela isisindo izakhiwo lokhuni.

Ukuze operation okuthembekile insiza angezelelweko kufanele acabangele hhayi kuphela isisindo isakhiwo. Ikhumbule zonke ezinye nemingcele ezithinta ukubala we kwesisekelo strip ukujula.

izibalo Okufanayo ngokulungiselela isisekelo Kunconywa kwezinye izakhiwo epulazini: esibayeni, workshop, igalaji, inkukhu ngehhoko noma esibayeni noma for lwane.

Ukujula izinhlobo laying odongeni lwezitini

Ukujula Kokuhlakanipha strip isisekelo isitini ngaphansi yabalindi kufanele ifanelane ehlosiwe isisindo kocingo. Uma uhlela ukwakha ngokuphelele isitini, ukubala yiyona izisekelo ukujula kakhulu kuyafana isakhiwo design ezivamile.

Ngokugcwele isitini kocingo - ubumnandi eqolo. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngezitini okwenza izingongolo bese usetha kocingo eshibhile phakathi kwazo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukeneyo isisekelo ilungiselelo ngaphansi kwalesi uhlobo kocingo :

• ibhande, emhlabeni azungezwe;
• columnar - kuphela yizinsika isitini.

Pier isisekelo futhi kudinga ukunamathela emithethweni ethile ezisebenza kuwo wonke izincomo ugonyuluka nenhlabathi, ukujula ayo kufanele abe ngezansi okokuqandisa inhlabathi.

ubuchwepheshe besimanje

ubuchwepheshe besimanje futhi izinga material (ukhonkolo) ukuvumela ngisho on nenhlabathi nzima esetshenziswa melkozaglublennye izisekelo. Lokhu kwehlisa kakhulu isikhathi ukwakhiwa, futhi izindleko (isizinda ukwakhiwa angenza 25% izindleko indlu).

Isihloko emiyalweni ethile melkozaglublenny ukuhlubula izisekelo kungenziwa wabeka ngesikhathi 50 cm ukujula ngisho at nenhlabathi ugonyuluka. luyimfuneko:

• Ukusetshenziswa Monolithic kwagcizelela isisekelo ukhonkolo noma ibanga M200 M300;
• ku emseleni ngaphansi kokusekelwa tape liyadingeka ukwahlukanisa isitaki (polystyrene amapuleti) futhi uthele nepuchistye izinto;
• inqama ezingeni abakhwabanisi pad of isihlabathi futhi amatshe ukushuba okungenani 2 cm;
• lateral izisekelo endaweni ungangenisi amanzi kanye ngci (polystyrene amapuleti);
• ingaphakathi nepuchinistym ugcwele ngu iyiphi impahla (ingxube amatshe nesihlabathi, isihlabathi, amatshe).

Ubuchwepheshe obunjalo iye kabanzi futhi ngempumelelo asetshenziswe ukwakhiwa e-United States futhi kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Eminyakeni eminingi nakho kuqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka Ukonga okukhulu umsebenzi wokwakha ngesikhathi ebeka isisekelo.