Umqondo we-inflation kanye nesisekelo sayo

Njengoba umnotho wezwe lethu nakwamanye amazwe amaningi uye wathola imakethe yemvelo, indima yemali iye yanda kakhulu. Kwakuxhomeke kakhulu kunabo kunakuqala. Ziyinto eyinhloko yento efana ne-inflation.

Le nqubo ibhekwa ngabahlaziyili njengenye yezinhlungu kakhulu emkhakheni wezezimali kanye nokusabalalisa imali. Ngokuvamile, umbono we-inflation ubonisa ukuphakama kwezinga elijwayelekile lentengo ezweni. Lokhu akuwona kuphela umgomo owuphawu lo mcimbi, kodwa yiyona eyinhloko.

Umqondo we-inflation ungase uphasiswe ngalezi zakhiwo ezilandelayo:

• Ukunciphisa imali;
• Ukungalingani kokunikezwa kanye nokufunwa;
• Ukunciphisa amandla okuthenga imali.

Ngakho-ke, le nqubo yezomnotho ihlanganisa izici ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zifana (ngokwahlukana okuncane) kokubili kwamandla okuvula nokufihliwe. Chaza kafushane ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo ezimbili.

Umqondo wohlobo lwe- inflation oluvulekile lubhekisela ikakhulukazi ekukhuphukeni kwamanani (okubalulekile noma okubalulekile) kwezimpahla namasevisi. Uhlobo oluvaliwe luvame ukutholakala emnothweni ongewona wemakethe.

Leli gama laqala ukusetshenziswa ngo-1861 ngabomnotho beNyakatho Melika. NgeLatin, igama elithi inflatio lisho into efana "nokuvuvukala". Ngakho ngesikhathi seMpi Yombango, inqubo ye-okuthiwa ukuvuvukala kwemali yokuhambisa izimpahla yabonakala.

Ngakho-ke, umqondo kanye nesisekelo se-inflation kungabhekwa njengokudalulwe, nakuba kujwayelekile. Kubalulekile, Nokho, ngaphezu kokufunda ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela zalesi simo. Kuneziningi zazo, futhi isikhathi ngasinye zingahluka. Kulesi simo, cabanga "okuthonya" futhi okusobala kakhulu. Ngakho, lokhu kungukuthi:

• Ukulahleka kwesabelomali ;
• Ukukhishwa kwemali;
• Ukudlula kwemali ukunikezwa ngaphezu kwempahla;
• Ukwanda ngokweqile kwamaholo;
• Ukutshalwa kwezimali ngokweqile kanye nokutshalwa kwemali okungalawulwa.

Kubalulekile, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuthi izimbangela ze-inflation zingaba ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Lezi zinsuku zihlanganisa, isibonelo, isikweletu somphakathi kakhulu kwamanye amazwe.

Umqondo we-inflation, kanye nezimbangela zayo, awukude nakho konke okudingekayo ukwazi ngalesi simo sezomnotho. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ingaba nemvelo ehlukile kakhulu "yenkinga yesifo." Ososayensi-izomnotho bahlukanisa izinhlobo eziningana eziyisisekelo (ngaphezu kokuvula nokuvaliwe) ukwehla kwemali. Kwenzeka:

• I-galloping / hyperinflation / izilwane ezinwabuzelayo;
• Ukulinganisela / ukungalingani;
• Okungalindelekile / kulindeleke;
• Ngenisiwe;
• Okunye.

Siphinde sibone ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali akuyona into eyenza imali kuphela. Kuphinde kuthinte umphakathi wendawo yomphakathi.

Zonke lezi zindaba kanye nezinye izinto ezibalulekile zibhekwa ngenye yezesayensi ezinkulu kakhulu - umnotho. Ukwehla kwamandla emvelo, umqondo owawuxoxwa ngawo ngenhla, ube yinye yezinkinga ezicindezelayo ukuzofika manje. Ngenxa yokuthi kungaba esinye sezici zokuqala kobunzima bezomnotho, ukufundwa kwezidingo zayo kanye nokucinga izindlela zokuvimbela kwenziwa ngososayensi emhlabeni jikelele namuhla.