Umklamo kanye nosayizi ifremu esidlekeni

ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe engashiyi ithuba ukugcina amasiko aqine. Yesimanje ukuze wandise ivolumu kanye nekhwalithi imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa iba Umgomo oyinhloko kubahlanganyeli amabhizinisi kwezezimboni nakwezolimo. Nokho, kunokuningi okungakhulunywanga ngakho - tindlelanchubo inhlangano lobuchwepheshe bee apiaries Namanje imiqondo efanele linqoba engu-100 kwasungulwa emuva. Ukuhlonipha osayizi ejwayelekile wasebenza uhlaka isifuba kuqinisekisiwe, nakuba kuleli niche intuthuko akemi namanje.

Imisebenzi kanye nohlaka ukucushwa

Inani Uhlaka esidlekeni ingafaniswa injini emotweni. Lona umnyombo icala futhi insimu main ukwenziwa uju. Isibalo ozimele esidlekeni ngokuvamile kubalwa okusekelwe ukwakhiwa isamba "gumbi" futhi ziyahlukahluka. Kodwa-ke kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ubukhulu esidlekeni Uhlaka, ebheka izinga inhlangano yokusebenza izinyosi ngokwabo.

Ingaphezulu Uhlaka kufanele abe sekhaya wax ukuze umndeni waqala ukukhiqizwa uju. Izinga kanye nokwethulwa ngokuyiko yenqubo ezithinta amalunga ndawo, ezicashile ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa esidlekeni ukusebenza.

Ukuze uthole indawo ifreyimu sehlukaniswe mpo futhi enezingqimba - emasofeni okubizwa ngokuthi kanye risers. Izici ukucupha ezimbili kukhona isendlalelo sokubala inani ozimele kanye nemingcele zabo.

Okusho osayizi e zezinyosi

isikhala esanele izidleke sokuthuthukiswa bee amakoloni kubalulekile impumelelo ukufuywa. Kahle ukukhetha ubukhulu Uhlaka isifuba ukuvumela ukuba ondle supply endaweni okwamanje, kodwa futhi ushiye isikhala okwanda kulezi ngevolumu impova wearability queens. Vala esidlekeni ngeke sivumele ukudala izimo sokuchuma okunjalo, futhi ungalunga kuphela ukufuywa emapulazini ekhethekile.

Kakade sabona izinhlobo ezimbili amacebo bee 'izindlu. " Loungers vumela ekuqaleni ukudala ezidingekayo reserve ndawo, ngenkathi risers emuva esihlalweni-abalakha olwengeziwe. Kuye ngalokho isetshenziselwa ubukhulu Uhlaka esidlekeni, abafuyi bezinyosi baphathe Nzalo esitolo kusukela ezikhathini 1 kuya ku-3, obeka kule izidleke amakhekheba entsha. Ukuvimbela okwandisa uswebezane izimo, imisebenzi enjalo kufanele sigcwaliswe ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi.

Usayizi elikhulu

Yiqiniso, umuntu akakwazi ukukhuluma mayelana nemingcele jikelele futhi iyunifomu for iphrojekthi ukuthuthukiswa esidlekeni, kodwa eziningi nenqubo sokubalwa idatha elilungile ezimweni ezithile namanje uzinake. Ulwazi kokuqala ukuze anqume usayizi ifremu esidlekeni, zisekelwe nenqubo elandelayo:

• inani Nzalo;
• ivolumu nalehleliwe isinkwa kungekho kuswela;
• kuhlelwe nenani impova;
• indawo ukubeka izinyosi ezincane;
• inkundla ukucutshungulwa umpe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye lapho kwezidleke zezinyosi elise izici ngamunye eqoshiwe. Kwezinye izimo, ubukhulu Uhlaka ushintsho uma sicabangela izici isifuba Apiary inkonzo. Isibonelo esijwayelekile indlela ekuhlungeni - khona phansi esikhiphekayo, isibonelo, kungabi nesidingo nohlaka ukususwa.

Standard Dadant-Blunt

Lezi nenqubo yokukhetha usayizi kufanele kungathathwa njengesigwebo ulwazi ukudala imingcele ehlukile isidleke. Noma kunjalo, manje elisetshenziswa zochwepheshe nabasafunda apiaries imiklamo kuyizici ngempela iyunifomu. Enye into ukuthi iningi kwimigomo qobo.

Ethandwa kakhulu kubhekwa Dadant-Blunt ukwakha ukuthi kuchazwe kwemigomo isifuba iminyaka eminingi, futhi yaba isisekelo sezinguqulo ukubala nezinye nezakhiwo. Namuhla ubukhulu Uhlaka isidleke Dadant liyithuluzi eliyinhloko e Ukufuna ikhambi kangcono apiaries yangasese. Ngakho, ubude emapheshana yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi kuyinto 435 mm, futhi ukuphakama - 300 mm. Kodwa kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi lula ukusetshenziswa futhi lithembekile ukwakhiwa esidlekeni kungase kwandise ingaphandle ibha. Lapha, njalo beekeeper ukhetha degree of umthamo ukuze uvumelane nezidingo zakho - ngokuvamile 5-10 cm.

ukuhlukahluka osayizi

Ngaphezu umehluko isifuba izimiso kudivayisi, Uhlaka format ngamunye kuhlanganisa ukusebenza eziningana. Kodwa ngokuvamile libhekisela ukuphakama imigoqo kanye ubude bawo ayiguquki - 435 mm. Mayelana nezinye izinkomba sokusuka kuyinto ngempela okuyingozi - futhi, ithinta isipiliyoni esebenza izinyosi, okuyinto ephonsa ukungalethembi ucwaningo. Lokhu kunjalo lapho ubuchwepheshe yesimanje ziphansi eminingi isipiliyoni wabahlanganyeli umsebenti wetemnotfo. Nokho, ukwethulwa izinto ezintsha ngoba ozimele, futhi, akufanele indiva.

Zikasayizi avumelekile ifreyimu esidlekeni ukuphakama kuyinto 145 mm. izakhi maKristu abizwa Isigamu Uzimele ukugcina nezandiso. By the way, esitolo - indawo bona baqoqa uju esiphelele. ukuphakama Isilinganiso ubhekwa 230 mm. Le fomethi izilokotho ezinhle ezingxenyeni ingxenye multi-isifuba. I elikhulu ubhekwa elifanayo Dadant ejwayelekile elihambisana 300 mm - Uhlaka ngokugcwele noma isichazi abavamile.

Usayizi esidlekeni ngendlela eziningi

Ngaphezu c-echazwe ngosayizi ojwayelekile ngoba zisetshenziswa multihull imiklamo, nezinye izinketho. Bona ikakhulukazi zivela imodeli Langstroth-Root, ngesisekelo okuyinto lwakhiwe ngemizimba eziningana isidleke. Kulokhu, kuphela ukucushwa zifane we "ibhokisi", kuyilapho inani labo kanye nezindlela ukufakwa zingahluka.

Kanye ubude nobukhulu ifremu kufana umphumela amaningi esidlekeni imingcele Dadant, kodwa kuhluke ukuphakama. Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa usayizi 230 mm. Isifuba futhi bavunyelwe ukuba sihlanganise nge imiklamo ezahlukene - izandiso, izitolo kanye nohlaka ngolwazi efanele kwenza kube nokwenzeka kahle ukuhlela indawo eminye ukwandisa isibalo bee amakoloni.

usayizi German

EJalimane, isifuba okwandile ne izilungiselelo ze-non-okuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu inkimbinkimbi ukusebenza e Russian ukufuywa emapulazini, kodwa izinzuzo onobuhle aseNtshonalanga elingenakuphikwa futhi nxephezela kobunzima isikhonzi.

usayizi Classic ozimele esidlekeni German kungenziwa imelelwa 370h233 mm format. imiklamo ezinjalo kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kakhulu mahhala kusuka ukukhubazeka lobuchwepheshe ezithinta izimo akunika izinyosi izimpilo, futhi ube mkhulu tsivilno ukubukwa. Nalapha Phakathi bokwenza izinkinga waphawula kokusebenza e kumnotho wasekhaya - kubalulekile ukuba uthuthukise esidlekeni ngaphansi extractor kanye honeycombs. Njengomthetho, abafuyi bezinyosi bebhekana nezinselele ezifanayo, ezidinga ukuhunyushwa imikhaya kusukela isifuba kanye Dadant Ruta onobuhle.

abanye osayizi

Isicelo osayizi abathile ngenxa bee Uhlaka esifundeni, okuyinto iwuMnyuziyamu kwezidleke zezinyosi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, bocwepheshe ukuthuthukisa amazinga amasha ngqo izimo ezithile zezulu.

Ngakho, ngaphezu nezakhiwo bendabuko bavele enguqulweni yawo kanye nobukhulu kungancipha noma lenyuke. Kulokhu, ngesisekelo yizinkomba kokuqala akuzona kuphela ubukhulu Uhlaka Dadant isidleke, kodwa futhi ifomethi Langstroth-Root. Ukuze ukulungiswa zihlanganisa Zehnder usayizi Uhlaka (ububanzi - 420 mm, futhi ukuphakama - 220 mm), Goltz isidleke (250h330 mm), futhi ubukhulu lakhulisiwe Langstroth (448h232 mm).

Ngokuvamile, umkhakha ukufuywa emhlabeni uzibophezele ukuvumelana kohlaka osayizi ekhona, ngokumelene okukhona, kanye nokwenqaba imisebenzi eyengeziwe esidlekeni. Ngokwesibonelo, ukwakha bachithe amafasitela, ukuvuleka ukuze bahlanze phansi, obstructions, izinyosi babengavunyelwe ukusakaza ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, njll Ngoba kunesithembiso mkhuba okuphambene maqondana uhlaka inkinga ngenxa nangokuvikela izinto for ukwahlukanisa.