Umdlavuza wegazi iphathwa noma cha? Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa lomdlavuza wegazi

Ezweni kukhona izifo eziningi ezahlukene ukuthi abantu baye nazo muva nje. Kulesi sihloko, ngifuna ukuphendula imibuzo eminingi: wegazi iphathwa noma cha?

Kuyini lokhu?

Ekuqaleni, udinga ukuqonda imiqondo. Ngakho-ke yini wegazi? Lesi isifo lapho izimila abulalayo ukuthuthukisa kusuka egazi. Ngokuvamile beshaya izidumbu ukugeleza kwegazi negazi, futhi umnkantsha, ubende kanye zamanzi. Lesi sifo unamagama amaningana. Ngakho, odokotela ukhuluma ngani efanayo uma kuziwa wegazi, wegazi, umdlavuza wegazi noma ene-leukemia.

Amafomu kanye nezinhlobo

Kabanzi ke kubalulekile ukucabangela ukugula onjalo afana ngazo wegazi. Lesi sifo has amafomu amabili eyinhloko ukuvuza.

1. Ifomu ezingamahlalakhona. Okwakuhlalwa kuzo lapho kusaqalwa lo izimpawu cishe ngingekho, ngalesi sikhathi amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi namanje enze imisebenzi yawo. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo sifo sitholakale ngesikhathi luhlolo nokungasho ngihlolwa isimiso. Lesi sifo kulesi simo ethuthuka kunalokho kancane, izimpawu ziqala ukuvela kancane kancane.
2. Ifomu oyingozi. Ngalesi isimo, amaseli egazi musa ukwenza imisebenzi yabo, inani amangqamuzana omdlavuza kwandisa ngokushesha.

Yini enye kukhona ngezigaba wegazi? Kufanele futhi ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko wegazi - myeloid kanye lymph. Esimweni sokuqala kuthinta amaseli lymph, okwesibili - myeloid.

esigabeni

Endaweni ehlukile, kudingeka ucabangele le izigaba eziyinhloko wegazi.

1. Elementary. Ngokuvamile sifo e iziguli abaphethwe isifo sokulahlekelwa igazi.
2. Ngomumo. Sekuvele kukhona abonise zonke izimpawu.
3. Ukuthethelelwa. Kungenzeka ephelele noma olungaphelele. Libhekene kuqhuma amaseli ukwandisa kuze 5% kuyinto umnkantsha (ngokungabi bikho yalo egazini).
4. Ukushiyeka. Kungase kukhule kuyofika emnkantsheni wethambo, kanye nezinye izitho. Kumele ukuthi ngiwela ogibeni lwezidakamizwa ngamunye okwalandela kuyingozi ngaphezu kwalowo odlule.
5. Kugcine. Kulokhu, isiguli athuthukile izinqubo pustular necrotic, futhi okusithiyayo wegazi kwenzeka.

izizathu

Kungani lesi sifo kungavuka? Uma umuntu kweseli okungenani eyodwa igazi ishintshe ibe umdlavuza, isifo akunakugwenywa. It is uya fast ngokwanele division yayo kanye nokusabalalisa. Futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yilokho amaseli anjalo soguquko lwegciwane singalawuleka ukuthatha indawo evamile, displacing ngokuphelele kubo. Kungani-ke kungenzeka idatha chromosomal ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo?

1. Namandla ionizing emisebeni.
2. Isenzo carcinogens emzimbeni (lokhu kungase kwenteke ngu kunemithi noma amaphilisi owaphuzayo).
3. Isici Ukubambezeleka (abantu babe yofuzo zesifo).
4. Amagciwane.

symptomatology

Ingabe self-ukuxilongwa wegazi, isinqumo kwesifo ekhaya? Cha Kwenze can Udokotela onguchwepheshe kuphela ngesisekelo cwaningo ethize. Nokho, ukuba khona isifo kungase kubonise zimpawu ezilandelayo:

1. Ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala.
2. Ukujuluka ebusuku, imfiva.
3. Ukuphathwa yikhanda.
4. Ubuhlungu emalungeni, amathambo.
5. Nemihuzuko esikhumbeni ezindaweni ezahlukene. Libuye ukopha kungenzeka kusukela ingemuva noma izinsini.
6. Umuntu ungathola izifo ogulayo ngokuvamile ezihlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo.
7. Ezigulini ejwayelekile futhi bakhulise izinga lokushisa 38 ° C.
8. Izindlala zamanzi imbilapho, emakhwapheni nentamo wande.
9. Futhi in iziguli kuveza ukwehla okuphawulekayo isisindo futhi angafuni kudla.

Kufanele ukuthi izimpawu zokuqala, okungase kwenzeke ngesikhathi nesineke, ifana ncamashí amakhaza isikhathi eside.

ukuhlola

Yiziphi izigaba ukuxilongwe wegazi?

1. ngihlolwa. Ngokuyinhloko udokotela kumele ahlole nesineke. Kulokhu, lo dokotela uyobheka evuvukele zamanzi. Ziyakwazi omunye izinkomba lesi sifo.
2. Anamnesis. Futhi, udokotela kufanele ngempela buka umlando wezempilo wesiguli bese ubuza ukuthi zikhona amacala sifo e eziseduze.
3. Igazi test. Lokhu wegazi iphathwa noma cha - ongamtshela kwasekuqaleni ukuhlaziya jikelele igazi lomuntu. Ucwaningo kuyadingeka ukubala inani obomvu nomhlophe egazi. Uma isiguli sine-leukemia, inani amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ngesikhathi kakhulu anda. Iphinde incipha platelet count-hemoglobin ezingeni awe amangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
4. Biopsy. Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu zezifundo ezibaluleke kakhulu kungavela ukuthi kukhona amangqamuzana omdlavuza umnkantsha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyodingeka ukuba mkhuba ucezu umnkantsha izicubu. izinzwa wendawo kuzokwenziwa ngaphambi inqubo isiguli, okuzokwenza kancane ekunciphiseni izinhlungu (ngokwako okuyinto ebuhlungu kakhulu). Okulandelayo, udokotela kuzothatha isampula ithambo kusukela ithambo elikhulu (ngokuvamile - hip). Kuwufanele ethi kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili izifundo: biopsy futhi wokubhoboza. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa, kuncike ekutheni kukhona amaseli kwamathambo.

nezinye izifundo

Omunye ucwaningo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu nje ukuhlolwa igazi for wegazi. Nokho, lokhu ngokuvamile kakhulu akwanele. Kulokhu, isiguli elandela izinqubo angabelwa:

1. ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Ongoti Kulokhu kuyoba ukuphenya chromosome lamaseli atypical, ukuze bakhomba ukuphulwa isakhiwo sabo. Esimweni esinjalo kungenzeka ukunquma uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi.
2. -X-ray. Lolu cwaningo kuyadingeka ukukhomba izinguquko e-lymph. Futhi, ngale ndlela ungakwazi ukunquma khona ukutheleleka emzimbeni.
3. A lumbar wokubhoboza. Ochwepheshe nale ucwaningo ukuthola ncamashí ukuhlelwa, kungakhathaliseki inqubo isifo awuqala egeza ubuchopho, umgogodla intambo uketshezi.
4. Lymph biopsy engeyokuqala. Le nqubo ibizwa kuyaqabukela asetshenziswa. It okudingekayo kuphela uma kungekho ithuba lokuhlola umnkantsha.

Ngokuvamile mayelana nokwelashwa

Yini esingayifunda uphendula lo mbuzo: wegazi iphathwa noma cha? Ngokuqinisekile ngayo. Nokho, konke kuncike onjani isifo isiguli. ukukhetha yokwelashwa uyophinde kuxhomeke ezicini ezilandelayo:

1. Uhlobo isifo - esingamahlalakhona noma oyingozi.
2. yobudala wesiguli.
3. On ukuthi ikhona yini i-umgogodla amangqamuzana omdlavuza uketshezi.
4. Kwezinye izimo, ukubaluleka has a uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza cell.

amasu Basic ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni lesi sifo:

1. Kokuqondisa kukadokotela.
2. Biotherapy.
3. ukwelashwa Afunwayo.
4. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.
5. Radiotherapy.
6. Isiqu iseli ukufakelwa.

Uma isiguli kakhulu anda ubende, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuba uyisuse. Ekwelapheni wegazi ingasetshenziswa njengendlela eyodwa noma ezimbalwa ezinye izindlela ezishiwo ngenhla.

wegazi ezingelapheki

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, omunye ucwaningo ngowokuthi ukuhlaziywa igazi e-leukemia. Ngakho, yingenxa kungenzeka ukuhlonza lesi sifo lapho zisaqala (ngaphambi kuqala izimpawu). Yini udokotela ukwenza ekuqaleni? Nakuba izimpawu azicaci, kuyoba okuthiwa Ilihlo. Isiguli kumele ngezikhathi ukukhombisa udokotela futhi uthathe ucwaningo. Iyini imithi yokwelapha lesi uhlobo lesi sifo kuyoba baqonde izinto ezenzekayo?

1. isilawuli ebaluleke kakhulu lesi sifo kanye nezimpawu emzabalazweni.
2. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokushiswa kuleli cala - impatho cishe engenamsebenzi (kubalulekile kuphela ezingeni sokulungiselela lesiguli for the ukufakelwa).
3. ithuba Excellent ukutakula unika ekunqandeni iseli ukufakelwa. Nokho, le nqubo is contraindicated ezingabantu abaneminyaka engama-50.

acute wegazi

Hlobo luni ukwelashwa angabelwa iziguli kwathiwa unesifo "wegazi acute"? Ukubikezela zokuphila kulokhu ngempela evumayo, uma kwenziwa ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi futhi izinga. Uma kungenjalo, umuntu ungafa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Kuyini wegazi neso elibukhali kangaka? Lesi isifo esibulalayo kuthinta izitho igazi-ukwakha futhi umnkantsha. Futhi, lapho lesi sifo inombolo omkhulu wamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe akhiqizwa encane - platelet ne egazi enempilo. Lokhu kubandakanya izinhlobo ezahlukene ukopha, sokuntuleka kwegazi kanye yizifo njalo isiguli. Uma isiguli acute wegazi umnkantsha, onjani ukwelashwa kuyoba baqonde izinto ezenzekayo?

1. ngelashwa nangemithi Specific. Liyoqhakaza nakanjani ziqukethe izigaba eziningana.
2. Ukusekela yokwelapha. Sidinga ukuthi ilwe nezifo, ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.
3. replacement therapy. It kuyodingeka uma kwenzeka ukuthi isiguli usongela igazi kakhulu, thrombocytopenia, ukopha sifo.
4. Isiqu iseli ukufakelwa.

ukuba nombono ongafani ngeke

Isikhathi sesifikile ngobuningi ukuphendula umbuzo mayelana wegazi: iphathwa noma cha lesi sifo?

1. Acute wegazi lymphocytic. Isibikezelo kuhle, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Cishe 95% ukuthethelelwa kwenzeka. Cishe 70-80% kweziguli kungayi lubuyayo sifo okuqhubekisela phezu 5 iminyaka (kuleli cala, umuntu uthathwa ingelapheka). Uma isiguli uye okuphindaphindiwe ukuthethelelwa futhi bangabenzi abafundela ukufakelwa kwezitho izinga nokuvulwa 35-65%.
2. Myeloblastic wegazi oyingozi. Ukubikezela zokuphila Kulezo zimo akuyona evumayo kakhulu. Cishe 75% eziguli sifinyelele ukuthethelelwa, mayelana 25% eziguli afe (ngemva konyaka nesigamu ukwelashwa okuhle). Ngo seziguli ezisencane ngubani kwavele ukufakelwa kwezitho kwesigamu amacala ukuthuthukisa ukuthethelelwa eside.

zokuvimbela

Njengoba imbangela oyingozi kakhulu kule sifo singumbulali emisebeni enamandla ionizing, abantu kufanele azame ngangokusemandleni ukuba ezindaweni ezinjalo. Ikakhulukazi iyingozi kuyinto yokuhlala Awukude ukuchayeka njalo imisebe ezinjalo. Kufanele futhi kube esiphezulu ukuze zigweme ukuthintana tinhlobo letehlukene amakhemikhali. Uma kungenzeka lesiguli zofuzo ngokwemvelo kulesi sifo, kulesi simo-ke kuyadingeka ngangokunokwenzeka ukuba kudlule izivivinyo ukuze ugweme izindawo elivela kuzo isifo noma ukuthola ke ngendlela efanele usaqala (lapho Kusengenzeka ikhambi).