Amandla amayunithi amakhompyutha: abakhiqizi phezulu, izici, imithetho Ukukhetha

Ukuthenga ikhompyutha abantu zisekude ubuciko, ikakhulukazi kungagcini imiqondo "ikhadi", "processor" futhi "inkumbulo". Nokho, phezu kwamandla ngasizathu simbe, kufanele sikhumbule e baphendukela zokugcina. Futhi uma kuziwa, ezimweni eziningi, okungase kube abaqoqi ozama ukulondoloza ngangokunokwenzeka kuyo, ukutshala nezinye izingxenye PC.

"Kumane ibhokisi, ukondla amandla. Nakuba abanye uyakwehla okubaluleke kakhulu, makube namandla kakhulu futhi ashibhile! "- indlela wandile futhi uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, eyinhlekelele. Ngeshwa, kuba sobala kuphela lapho ikhompyutha ababebuthene. Lucky uma ngisho iqala. Isibili lucky, uma umsebenzi uzinzile futhi akukho iziphazamiso ezingalindelekile. Futhi kufanele kube injabulo, uma deshovenky ugesi ekugcineni ngeke zingafezeki ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo, "udonse" okwesikhathi lonke izingxenye ukuthi lokho ngandlela-thile inikeza amandla.

Kodwa ngempela Loku kungenteka kuphela isiqinisekiso eliphezulu segezi amakhompyutha, abakhiqizi phezulu owasho ngokuqiniseka waqhubeka izikhundla ehloniphekile. Ngakho-ke, abanekhono umkhiqizo yokuzikhethela, eqinisweni izosebenza zonke penny ukubaluleka kwalo, luhlala kuphela umthengi, okuyinto Yiqiniso, kudingeka siqaphele izici eyinhloko amandla supply futhi ukuqonda lapho abakhiqizi sithembekile ngempela.

Amandla ohlelweni lonke

Le yidivayisi kulungiselelwa main, umsebenzisi unesithakazelo kwasekuqaleni. Uma ukhetha abaningi ngokuvamile elahlekile ngokuya Watts, okunikeza sonke amandla computer. Nokungabi namandla kubabangele amasu ukusebenza engazinzile (ngisho nangale yayo ekuqaleni-up). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezingadingekile ugesi amakhono kuzokwenza yigalelo elinzima lelo isabelomali, okuyinto besingagwemeka.

PC amandla ukusetshenziswa esimweni ngasinye izobalwa ngamunye, esekelwe isethi yokugcina izinto. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi kuleli cala BP kufanele okungenani ibe ugesi elincane uhla 20-25% of the theory energy ukusetshenziswa. Ngenxa yalezi izibalo kuwebhu kunezindawo eziningi yokubala ezikhethekile. The ningi ngesikhathi (ngakhoke ethandwa phakathi kwabantu) kukhetha Cooler Master Amandla Supply Calculator. Inikeza abasebenzisi nge ezimbili nje izinhlobo zomsebenzi:

• Basic - imodi evumela iyiphi imfundamakhwela endabeni zekhompyutha ukubala edingekayo ugesi umthamo, okubonisa kuphela ukusebenza jikelele PC.
• Isazi - Imodi kubasebenzisi ethuthukile futhi okhuthele computer abathanda. It ivumela ukucabanga ikhumbula zonke emincane futhi butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthela ohlelweni.

Ngaphezu amandla Imininingwane, kubalulekile ukuba banake wamanje ukuthi uyakwazi ukukhulula 12V umugqa. Kuyinto isiteshi esikhulu kwamandla ukusetshenziswa computer. Ngokwesibonelo, amandla supply AeroCool KCAS 600W at 12V ukhiqiza engaphansana nje kwengu-isikolo sakhe Imininingwane - 540 Watts. Umkhiqizo izinga ephakeme kusukela inkampani Thula! ngaphansi kwegama Amandla Zone 650W isivele uyakwazi 648 Watts emgqeni efanayo. Lona umbhalo ogciniwe uncono kakhulu futhi emi ngokwemvelo ezibizayo.

Kuyinto ngalesi kulungiselelwa futhi kufanele zincike ku abalithandayo. Kakade, ukhona yini ngeke udumazeke uma ikhadi ihluzo, eyenzelwe ukukala amandla 12V umugqa, lapho uxhumeke kwi-amandla supply ithola ehluke ngokuphelele, ongaphakeme ngaphezulu? Yiqiniso, ukusebenza engazinzile we-GPU - yiwo engcono angaba nethemba lokuthethelelwa esimweni esinjalo.

Izinga kahle

Esizindeni ingasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukene: endaweni ethile lokhu kuwumkhuba okungaba kuhle, futhi kwezinye izimo kokusaphaza ngokweqile kuholela izindleko ezengeziwe. Cishe okufanayo amandla supply amayunithi - okufanayo amandla isilinganiso ingagxila ntshashintshe esebenza ngobuchule. Ukusebenza kahle okusezingeni eliphezulu zedivayisi inomthelela wonke umsebenzi wonke:

• Rational energy ukusetshenziswa. Eshibhile segezi amakhompyutha, abakhiqizi phezulu okuyinto ezimweni eziningi ungcwatshwe ezansi emakethe, njalo ona kahle ongaphakeme. Ukuthola kusukela ugesi inethiwekhi, ugesi dissipates ingxenye ethile ke ngesimo ukushisa, isivele akunika imali ezincane kulokho ekuqaleni wathola. amadivaysi eshibhile ulahlekelwe ngale ndlela prohibitively ingxenye enkulu kagesi.
• Ngokunciphisa ukushabalalisa kuyehla bafudumale we PSU. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ugcine ukusebenza kuthule Ukupholisa uhlelo lwayo.
• lokushisa ezincane kakhulu ukunweba ukuphila inkonzo okuphakela amandla.

ukusebenza kahle High - isibonakaliso ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo Elektroresurs okuyiwona ngamunye wethu okhokhela imali. Ukuze ezingeni elifanele esebenza ngempela kudingeka qualitative base-elementi iyunithi.

I degree of ukusebenza kahle ngoba amandla kagesi kunqunywa ngamazwe ejwayelekile olulodwa 80 PLUS. It ihlukaniswe yaba ngeengaba eziningana:

• Bronze - 81-85%.
• Silver - 85-89%.
• Igolide - 88-92.
• Platinum - 91-94%.
• Titanium - 94-96%.

Ngokuvamile, computer eyisisekelo ukucupha ngamazinga insimbi phakathi intengo ingxenye kuyoba okwanele ukuvimba isitifiketi olusemthethweni 80 PLUS Bronze. Ukuze izingxenye namandla kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokho efuna ukuphuca indlela engcono Isiliva-Gold. Abanikazi ephezulu ekupheleni ukucushwa Kunconywa ukubheka bebheke Platinum noma Titanium, uma isidingo ahlekise esiphezulu ohlelweni kahle.

Gwema ekhetha labo amamodeli esikhundleni isitifiketi esisemthethweni ozama zidonse ukunaka kwanoma nenye idatha (ezifana 85 PLUS, «kancane zivumelana 80 PLUS Igolide», njll). Umkhiqizo uyakwazi ukukhulula i ukusebenza ngokwethembeka, kuqinisekisiwe ukuba eqinisekisiwe ngomunye amazinga ezinhlanu. Futhi labo abangakwazi ukusebenza practice, njengoba kushiwo ngumkhiqizi, uyohlale ukungena kwimakethe yokuphehla nge ezihlukahlukene ukumaketha namasu zemali abathengi.

Ukuzinza Course

Ngaphezu kwalezi ngaphambilini 12V, ngoba amandla kukhompyutha yakho ukuhlangabezana imigqa emibili ngaphezulu: 3,3V futhi 5V. Thumela kubo bonke voltage edingekayo - kuphela isigamu umsebenzi. Kubalulekile uyigcine ngaphakathi kwemingcele eyamukelekayo ngesikhathi sonke isikhathi ukugijima. Lokhu kungenzeka incike izinga ukugcwaliswa yangaphakathi amandla supply.

Ngokwe-standard international EPS 2.91 Voltage ukubekezelelana yilezi:

umugqa	ubuncane	kuyinsakavukela	max.
+ 3.3V	+3,14	+3,30	+3,47
+ 5V	+4,75	+5,00	+5,25
-12V	-10,80	-12,00	-13,20

Ukuze 3,3V futhi 5V imigqa iyehla iyenyuka elamukelekayo +/- 5%. Ukuze 12V avunyelwe izibalo kancane ephakeme - +/- 10%.

Amandla kagesi kanye ezishibhile isici base umane nje akakwazi ukubonisa yi efanele EPS 2.91. Futhi lokhu kuncike PC ukusebenza iyonke. Ngeziphambeko ngezansi embundwini elamukelekayo 5-10% ngokuqinisekile kuholele ukwehluleka njalo futhi ukuqalela phansi okuzenzakalelayo. Ikakhulukazi uma CPU noma ihluzo ikhadi kubhekene komthwalo osindayo, isibonelo, imidlalo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza okhokhelwayo.

Overvoltage kusuka okuzisholo ejwayelekile akuhileli okweqile kokubili BS kanye transducers ku Slots umbadlana ukunwetshwa. Uma lokhu bafake kakhulu ngokwanele ebucayi busebenze HDDs, okuholela ngokwehluleka kwabo ekuqaleni.

Indima ebalulekile udlalwa ngumuntu ipharamitha ezifana uhla voltage input. Amayunithi ezivamile ukubaluleka kuba 200-240V. Kodwa ongakhetha emakethe futhi ku 100-240V ezivamile. Abokugcina kufanele akhiphe ntandokazi juqu - isilinganiso ezibanzi senhlobo kuqinisekisa ubude bokuphila idivayisi ngaleso eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa ahlukahlukene kuleli amapayipi.

Ukulahlekelwa noma ukwanda eziphelayo voltage ngeke kubangele PSU usesimweni iphutha. Kusukela lapho, esikhundleni salokho, kungukuthi oVikelwe izindlela eshibhile lula.

Umsebenzisi ngamunye sinconywa ukuhlola yimuphi ezithakazelisayo BP imodeli e ukubuyekezwa kanye ukuhlolwa, olutholakalayo ngokukhululekile. Kungcono ukucinga ngolwazi imithombo okungenani 2-3, ikhumbula kanye Google +, uma ikhona. Ekugcineni kuyoba wonke picture futhi ngeke wenze izinqumo ezinhle - ukukhetha ugesi lezimali noma cha.

ukusebenza

Kunjalo, uma esiqiwini amandla kumanele uhlelo ne inqolobane. Excellent, uma voltage kuwo wonke yemigqa ayidluli kwengu imikhawulo kuvunyelwe. Kodwa uma kuziwa ukuqondisa amandla ukudluliswa kusuka kudivayisi kuya kits, iyisisekelo lonke inqubo iba pinout kwamandla ikhompyutha Iyunithi enikeza (noma nje iqoqo izintambo, okuyinto Siyonikwa kusukela asele izingxenye PC).

Kusukela ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili ezinkulu. Okokuqala - EATX 24pin, senzelwe amandla supply umbadlana. Okwesibili - 12V, ophethe ukudla processor. Ukuze motherboards ezivamile kuphela uludinga 4pin-nguqulo. Nokho, izimo shoka Overclocking kuye kwakhula amandla, okuyiwona kakade kuyinto inketho 8pin (noma 4 + 4pin).

Qedela nge ikhebula eziyisisekelo pinouts yimuphi kwamandla ikhompyutha lihlanganisa okunye extra:

• PCI-E.
• Sata.
• Fan nezixhumi.
• Molex.

Inombolo yabo ingase yehluke kuye ngesistimu imodeli ezithile PD. Qiniseka ukuhlola ukuthi lo mkhiqizo uye kokubili obuphelele eyanele kanye nenani izintambo adingekayo ikhompyutha wawo ahlose ukuba usetshenziswe. Lokhu okunye aqede usesho ngokuzumayo izandiso eyengeziwe kanye adapters.

Ekugcineni, qiniseka ukuthi sinake phambi kwabo bonke Ukuvikelwa izifunda eziyisithupha PD ezimweni eziphuthumayo:

• OCP (Over Ukuvikelwa yamanje) - Ukuvikeleka overcurrent.
• OVP (Over Voltage Ukuvikelwa) - isivikelo okusezingeni eliphezulu supply voltage.
• UVP (Ngaphansi Voltage Ukuvikelwa) - isivikelo supply undervoltage.
• SCP (iDemo Circuit Protection) - Ukuvikelwa isekhethi.
• -OTP (Over Temperature Ukuvikelwa) - Ukuvikelwa okweqile.
• OPP (Over Power Ukuvikelwa) - Ukuvikelwa sindisa.

Ukuvikelwa izinhlelo Ngaphansi - aba maningi amathuba ukuthola amandla supply wenkonzo uma i-force majeure.

Kuthiwani induduzo ukusetshenziswa?

Ihlangene, lapho inhlangano ngaphansi ingalo kungaphazamisi wire eyengeziwe kanye izixhumi. Okuningi ukhululekile ukufakwa lula futhi cabling banganikeza Modular block izinhlobo, okungukuthi labo kuyiphi kungenzeka emzimbeni unfasten izingxenye ongaceli.

Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe ubuncane labo onobuhle, okuyinto anemisila kuthe ukuphola 120 mm. Nokho, zikhona ongakhetha, nokuningi, okunikela i eyengeziwe Ukupholisa uhlelo kahle. Akukona ubuhlungu ukuthola iwebhusayithi yomenzi, esisetshenziselwa eziveza uhlobo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukugwema ukuhilizisana amabombo - Zingamashumi eliqinile le okungenani kanye ngokucacile aqale ukwenza umsindo ngemva kwenkathi ethile wokusebenza. I enhle isixazululo acoustic kuba phambi "bokusungula ulungise" isivinini fan, okuvumela ukuba ulifake nhlobo kuze lokushisa embundwini ezithile.

Ekugcineni, yefomu Isici amandla Iyunithi enikeza kumele kube efanelekayo emzimbeni lapho ibekwe. ngentuthuko Iningi umthengi wadala ngaphansi format ATX.

izinga German kusukela Thula

emakethe Aqine isikhathi eside uphile ngezimiso ezithile. Eshibhile segezi amakhompyutha, okuyizinto abakhiqizi phezulu iyahola - ezingadluli fantasy, noma elinye hype nokumaketha. Lokhu kubonisa ngokugcwele yonke imikhiqizo ye-premium umkhiqizo German Thula, iwine inani elikhulu imiklomelo nokuduma emakethe. Noma yimuphi uchungechunge ugesi amayunithi ifakwe zonke izinhlobo izivikelo, izibalo zabo zathi njalo waqinisekisa mkhuba Izibuyekezo eziningi futhi abathengi umsebenzi ukuthula umkhiqizo lezimanga ezimnandi zonyaka.

Ikakhulu, i-eziphambili ukushicilelwa lobuchwepheshe PC Imidlalo Hardware (eJalimane) ngokokuqala lesishiyagalolunye ilandelana imiklomelo brand zokuhlonipha isihloko "Umkhiqizi Yonyaka" esigabeni segezi. Kungcono eyaziwa emibuthanweni wendawo Hardwareluxx umphakathi kanye ngomnyaka wesine unika amaJalimane isihloko esifanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungahlala funda ukubuyekezwa third-party futhi ukuhlolwa, eqinisekisa izinga, nokwethenjelwa operation ethule wale nkampani.

Seasonic - isikhundla ngokuqinile emakethe abanolwazi okuqinile

Kuyinto esincintisana ngqo sha-German imikhiqizo eliphakeme quality, kusanda kufika bevela eTaiwan, namahhovisi amaningi yesifunda e-Europe, e-USA, Japan kanye nezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. Isungulwe onjiniyela engu-40 edlule, le nkampani uvele kuphela ukwethula wonke ukuba eliphezulu obuchwepheshe ukuthi nanela yiningi.

Imikhiqizo SeaSonic ihlukaniswe uchungechunge eziningi, ngayinye enganikeza amasethi ezahlukene izici ukuze ivumelane yonke isabelomali. Kuphela kumadivayisi ngokungagwegwesi ezishibhile Taiwan futhi awanikeli. Futhi abaningi indumiso inqwaba nokubuyekezwa ezihlukahlukene izincwadi uyaqinisekisa ukuthi akulona ize.

Amandla kagesi DeepCool - sifundo ukuthuthukiswa yimpumelelo isabelomali ingxenye

China - lokhu akulona njalo stereotypical imikhiqizo izinga ezinjengendle ngezinga ezimbonini. Onjiniyela abavela eChina ngokuqiniseka anqobe isikhundla eliphakeme emakethe emhlabeni ngenxa lemali futhi ikhwalithi yemikhicito ilethwa. Ngakho asakwazi hhayi kuphela kufuthwe amathegi intengo brand igama elilodwa.

Bright Ngokwesibonelo yesimanje - inkampani DeepCool, ezidayisa amayunithi ezingabizi amakhompyutha Amandla ku value kwabalelwa ngokuba ongelutho. Kusukela yaqala ukuba khona ngo-1996, zaseChina yaklonyeliswa amaningi emaphephandabeni. izincwadi ezaziwa Hardware kaTom, 3D izindaba, Techpowerup akuyona okokuqala inkampani ukhishwa imiklomelo lesetulu kanye nemivuzo okuhambisanayo.

Ubude DeepCool PSU limelela uchungechunge eziningana, ngamunye ephethe amazinga ehlukene amandla, voltage sinjalo, ukuvikelwa izinhlelo. Izindleko kuleli cala uhlala ezingeni kufinyeleleke kunalaba nozakwabo kusukela mncintiswano.

Ubani namanje namuhla ukubonakala ensimini medium-intengo ingxenye?

Izinto zesimanje ezimakethe ezicebile ngempela ezihlukahlukene segezi amakhompyutha. Isilinganiselwa abakhiqizi ngesikhathi esifanayo akuyona into efanayo njalo. Futhi inani Inqubomgomo ukumaketha professional hhayi kuphela. Okunqumayo njalo iyona izinga imikhiqizo, kanye namandla ayo wonkana. Uma ungenayo imali eyanele ukwenza ephezulu ekupheleni ingxenye, ungahlala ukuthola okunye ehloniphekile phakathi lebanga lentengo.

Ukuze nengxenye enkulu PC isabelomali yasekhaya ifakwe Zalman ugesi - omunye izintandokazi ongenambangi phakathi kwabo. sha South Korean kule minyaka 17 khona uye wakwazi ukuba ikhule ibe umuntu corporation lomhlaba, esehlanganise eziningi IT-sithombe. Gaming ikhibhodi, igundane, ethule umzimba, ethule Ukupholisa uhlelo - kuba uhlu lokunye lokho inkampani emhlabeni wonke ezaziwa. Kuyo yonke iminyaka engu womsebenzi walo wonke Zalman ugesi - lokhu ingenye ukhetho lokuqala ukufakwa ohlelweni isabelomali amageyimu. Singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi lesi isimo okuzisholo amathuba okuthi imikhiqizo yaseNingizimu Korean bebelokhu ngokucacile hhayi ngenxa nje omunye inkampani yokukhangisa.

Ekhuluma amabhlogo FSP Iqembu ugesi, qiniseka uqaphele izindleko indinganiso efanele isihlobo izinga nenani isilinganiso. umakhi Taiwanese ungajabulisa okunezinhlobonhlobo elikhulu chungechunge, lapho kwakukhona khona indawo njengoba "-platinum" izinqumo phezulu, futhi isabelomali "ithusi". FSP - lesihlanu ngobukhulu ugesi nomkhiqizi emhlabeni. imikhiqizo yayo bayaziswa hhayi kuphela e-gaming imibuthano, kodwa futhi nezinye brand owaziwa. Ngakho, izixazululo yenkampani usebenzise ubuchwepheshe obufanayo Zalman, Thermaltake, Antec.

Ngokuvamile, ukuze asindise abantu bakhethe noma isiphi ezishibhile iyunithi AeroCool ukudla kabi ngesikhathi ukuthembela eliphezulu futhi level omuhle kakhulu ukusebenza. Ngempela, le nkampani kuyinto umkhiqizo ezithakazelisayo etheni. Kodwa kuphela uma kuziwa KCAS ngenhla chungechunge. VP futhi VX kukhona okuyingozi kakhulu kunoma iyiphi ikhompyutha, okuyinto ngqo kubonakala e low price tag abo.

Hhayi sibonisa okubi ngokwayo emakethe, inkampani Thermaltake. Amandla kagesi, izinto okuyinto libuyekeza lonke yakha umbono omuhle, okungenani kuwufanele ngokucophelela. Ukusebenzisa entfutfukweni yabo umthamo nezinqubo zemininingwane yezinye izinkampani, Thermaltake ikufakazele sokukwazi ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe yayo emakethe nge imiklomelo eminingi. share sengonyama of yonke imikhiqizo wale nkampani kungokwalabo ezibizayo Hi-End ekilasini. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi alinikezi ongakhetha ezithakazelisayo izindleko nesizotha more (ngokukhethekile, uchungechunge Smart DPS G futhi TR2).