Umbuzo eyinkimbinkimbi owasungula ugesi

On umbuzo owasungula ugesi, kungekho mpendulo. Kwakunzima ukwenza, ngoba ukhona ngomqondo ovulekile ngokwemvelo. Omunye umbuzo uwukuthi, owanikela igama ezinyakazayo ohlangothini izinhlayiya icala namandla etholwe yi yayo. Kungenze uWilliam Gilbert, kuchazwe umsebenzi wakhe yesayensi, eyabhalwa ngonyaka 1600, imiphumela yocwaningo lwalo nge amber. Usosayensi noSosiphatru izingcezu resin lukhuni wendwangu, kungani bazitholela ikhono ukuheha ukukhanya izinto ezahlukene, kanye igama lalo amaminerali imisindo amahle ngesiGreki njengengelosi electron futhi buyinto evulekile seyaziwa ngokuthi izwi nemisebenti yekwakha emagama.

Kodwa ukusho ukuthi Gilbert yasungulwa ugesi Yiqiniso, akunakwenzeka. Eqinisweni, igunya ekunqumeni izakhiwo amber akayena ngempela lesifanele, kulokho Thales eGrisi lasendulo, futhi, wagcoba phezu elingenamikhono. Nokho, ngokungafani kuya usosayensi oyiNgisi, owaphila eminyaka xv-XVI, lungakwazi ukuphetha ngokuthi yonke iplanethi yethu oziphatha njengongqingili uzibuthe giant, futhi iyafika okuguquguqukayo. Ngakho umcwaningi omkhulu Gilbert wathatha isinyathelo giant maqondana nocwaningo amandla, kamuva owaba ngomunye main ukushayela amabutho kwenqubekela phambili, ngaphandle okuyinto impucuko yesimanje akunakwenzeka nokuyicabanga.

Kukhona isisho sasendulo: ilungelo igama - yingakho eseziqonda kahle. Ngomqondo othile, umbuzo owasungula ugesi uvuliwe, ucwaningo lwakhe kuyinto eqhubekayo.

Ikakhulukazi okusheshayo ukuthuthukiswa kagesi esenzeka ngekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili. Pieter van Musschenbroek wadala lokuqala drive emhlabeni kagesi - the Leyden uthi lokubeka imbiza, sibonelo amabhethri yesimanje.

Umlando ukutholakala kukagesi kanye izakhiwo zalo baqhubeka uBenjamin Franklin, umengameli US, obuso bakhe konke phezu kwesithombe umthethosivivinywa engamakhulu dollar ezaziwayo. Nguye kwaba umhlaziyi lokuqala isayensi entsha, futhi umsunguli we induku umbani.

Ibila esethula umqondo izigxobo zikagesi. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo e-Italy Galvani ubeka ucwaningo kwakwakhiwa kwemisipha izicubu izilwane ngokudalula ukuba zamanje.

Uma noma ubani owasungula ugesi, isilinganiso samandla kagesi wukuthi ngesikhathi kwekhulunyaka XIX kwakhiwa ibhethri, isimiso okuyinto kabanzi kuze kube yilolu suku, futhi cishe kusetshenziswe nje isintu ukhona.

Faraday uye kwavula indlela wonke amadivayisi usebenzisa isimiso lokungeniswa - electromagnets, motors kagesi, Transformers, ohlobo lwe retractor nezinye izakhi eziningi kumadivayisi yesimanje lobuchwepheshe. Sekungamashumi eminyaka INcwadi Yonyaka ezimbili yena Ampere futhi uMaxwell etholakale eziningana Okulingana nalokhu yi- revolution ngokwesayensi.

Ukutholakala eliyisisekelo kwaba ukunquma electron Joseph Thomson njengoba osebenzelana obuqand ugesi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1879.

Inkulumo ethi "ukukhokhela ukukhanya" lisetshenziswa kaningi. Ngalo mqondo, omunye kwababe yasungulwa ugesi, kwaba compatriot yethu Lodygin ezahlela into edingekayo, njengabo ingilazi yesibani, badayisa patent ukuba uThomas Edison ngo-1906.