Ukuzamazama komhlaba e-eCrimea ngo-1927: nemiphumela. Izinhlelo lekusasa

Siye ngasinda eziningi ubufakazi we ukuzamazama komhlaba okwadala umonakalo owenzeke eziningana eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule. Ngokuvamile yokuthi kusukela ibalazwe lonke emadolobheni zinyamalale, futhi isibalo izisulu Kulinganiselwa ezinkulungwane zabantu.

izifunda "Eyaluzayo" kukhona ezweni lethu. Lokhu wakhumbuza komhlaba eCrimea Meyi 13, 2016.

izizathu

Ngokusho kochwepheshe, endaweni ephakathi Gurzuf futhi Yalta, oLwandle Olumnyama, kukhona indawo lapho evame kakhulu waphawula epicentres komhlaba YaseCrimea. izilonda zabo ngokuvamile itholakala 10-40 km ukusuka ogwini. Noma kunjalo, benzelwe at a 200-2000 m, wahamba emthambekeni ingxenye umcengezi Black Sea ukujula. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi adjoin izindawo ungqimba lomhlaba, ukwenza oppositely iqondiswe ukunyakaza mpo. Bona kwenzeke ngendlela engavamile futhi ahambisana ukuzamazama komhlaba.

Enye imbangela ukundindizela eCrimea - ukuphakamisa yezintaba elihlobene ne prodviganiem kubo ngaphansi olwandle. izigidi eziningi edlule ngenxa izinqubo ezifana kwakhiwa Pilyaki, sharh, Ayu-Dag, Castel et al., Ukuphahlazeka enamandla kakhulu ombangela ukuqhuma intabamlilo Karadag.

Obunye enamandla empumalanga kuya entshonalanga, iphutha umugqa egobhoza "Simferopol-Bakhchisarai". Kulesi zone, futhi komkhondo lokuzamazama komhlaba lasendulo ngesimo imali yamadwala igneous emigodini eziningi.

isimo zokuzamazama komhlaba

Kuleli qophelo embhalweni ungqimba lomhlaba ngaphansi nhlonhlo eCrimea futhi oLwandle Olumnyama ezansi ukuba iqhubeke ibonisa ezihlukahlukene izinqubo zemvelo namakhemikhali.

Ngenxa yalokho ukunyakaza enamandla zomhlaba kwi amaphutha inhlonhlo e koqweqwe wawa izinto zokwakha eziphilayo (ukhuni, Peat bog, echibini yl, njll), At ukujula okukhulu ukuvutshelwa yabo ukuqhutshwa, futhi slurry kwakhiwa kukhishelwa nasodakeni mlilo.

On insimu eCrimea futhi wazizwa foci komhlaba isuswa nhlonhlo ngoba ezinkulungwaneni noma amakhilomitha. Ngokwesibonelo, emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ethi "echo" amandla 2-4 yabonakala ngenxa yokuzamazama komhlaba okwenzeka e-Romania, Iraq naseTurkey.

I esinzima kakhulu ukuzamazama komhlaba okwenzeka eCrimea ngokuphelele kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-18

Kukholakala ukuthi kukhulunywa okokuqala ebhaliwe ezifana izinhlekelele zemvelo yirekhodi encwadini pavla Oroziya "Against kwabezizwe," kulotshiwe 5th ekhulwini BC. e. Kuyo ethi ngo-63 BC. e. njengoba kwenzeka ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu ngo eCrimea, zabulala abantu abaningi futhi wabhubhisa imizi yonke.

Ingozi okufanayo okwenzeka ngo-Hersonissos ngo-September noma Okthoba 480 AD. Lo mcimbi ungathi owatholwa ngo Emanxiweni aleli dolobha.

Ukulandela nokuzamazama komhlaba okukodwa okunamandla alotshwa 1292 futhi 1471 ngokulandelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi George WaseByzantium Kedrina "Umlando" libhekisela inhlekelele yemvelo ezenzeka 1341, lapho emva uthuthumele Peninsula wahlupheka izikhukhula at ibanga amakhilomitha 10 (eyayiqhele kakhulu olwandle ukusuka ogwini). Ngokusobala, lapho ukuzamazama kwaqala khona kwaba olwandle, okwakuyigama imbangela kwamagagasi aphakeme kakhulu.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba e-eCrimea ekhulwini 18-19-s

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18 zisekhona incazelo eningiliziwe mayelana izenzakalo zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngokwesibonelo, usosayensi Russian Lokudabuka German P. uPallas wanikeza incazelo eningiliziwe nokuzamazama komhlaba okungamashumi 1790 futhi eminyakeni 1793rd, kodwa ukundindizela ezilotshwe 1802, ubufakazi enemininingwane kwesokunxele Sumarokov. Lesi sakamuva wababuka e Sevastopol, lapho amandla kwembedumehlwana kwaba 6 amaphuzu.

Ikakhulukazi khumbula abakhileyo nhlonhlo ebusuku komhlaba eCrimea ngo-1838, lapho kwezwakala hhayi kuphela emadolobheni ogwini Southern, kodwa futhi Simferopol.

Wabuye inhlekelele kwenzeka ngo-1869. eshayeka kwawo kwakunjengokwetshe eduze Foros, yavusa ukulimala ephakathi isakhiwo Genoese, kwabangela ukwesaba phakathi kwabantu.

izinhlekelele zokuzamazama komhlaba ziye zenzeka ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20

Ukuzamazama komhlaba kuqala sasivumela eqinile sabhalwa ngo-January 1902. Ngenhlanhla, akuzange kumenze abalimala noma ukulimala. Futhi ukuzamazama babonakala Meyi 18, 1908. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Ofisi imibhalo zomlando Tauride umbusi unomlando nokuzamazama komhlaba ngezikhwepha Ukundindizela 5-6, okwenzeka Okthoba 24, 1908.

Ubufakazi obuningi balokhu sibuthola walondoloza le nhlekelele, okwenzeka Disemba 26, 1919. Lokhu kuzamazama eCrimea kwakulandelwa nesiphepho namandla amangalisayo. Wayengumuntu imbangela ukubhujiswa esikhathini Yalta port nokulimaza inethiwekhi yocingo.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba kuqala eCrimea ngo-1927

Phakathi ihlobo noma ekwindla esifundeni kuthiwa ibona bandisa inkonzo zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngesikhathi kuzamazama umhlaba, okwenzeka ngo amahora 13 amaminithi 21 26 Juni 1927, abadobi waphawula yini ukuthi lapho ke abiliswe sezulu ecacile kolwandle, bese ezwa umsindo omkhulu. Wawumkhulu kangangokuba ukuthi ngishaqekile labo igeziwe.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba e-eCrimea ngo-1927 kwandulelwe ukugunyazwa okwenziwe ukubukeka isiqeshana eside Foam, welula yonkana ogwini, eGulf phakathi Cape Plaka kanye Ayu-Dag.

Ngenxa Ukundindizela kwenhlabathi esikhulu endaweni eseduze Sevastopol zalotshwa, lapho imifantu uvele nasemikhayeni eminingi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo wahlupheka lamathempeli futhi mail. Ngaqala ukwethuka, futhi izivakashi waqala ngokuxhamazela ukushiya zokungcebeleka, inhlonhlo ye-. Njengoba kwabika i-amaphephandaba isikhathi, isamba ekulahlekelweni lidlule ruble 1 million.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba eziqine eCrimea

Akekho izinhlekelele zemvelo ngenhla angeke umadanise kube sezingeni umonakalo owenzeke enhlonhlweni ngobusuku 11 ku-September 12, 1927. Lapho ukuzamazama kwaqala khona wawusegunjini eningizimu Yalta, ngaphansi kolwandle, futhi ladluliselwa ngasogwini. Kwatholakala ukuthi ukuzamazama kwesibili eCrimea ngo-1927 kwadingeka amandla 9 amaphuzu.

izimpawu wakhe wokuqala uyayibona bendawo nezivakashi cishe 8 ntambama. Ikakhulukazi, abalimi kanye nabalimi ziye zaqaphela ukuthi luyaphumelela ezifuywayo babé ukukhathazeka okukhulu: ihhashi whinnied futhi wazama ukubaleka ezitebeleni njalo mooing izinkomo, kanye izinja namakati wazama ukuhlala siseduze abanikazi.

Abadobi ababekhuphuke edoba ebusuku, wezwa ukuduma kolwandle endaweni ephakathi Sudak futhi Alushta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyesaba "ngamathumba" kolwandle, futhi phakathi kobusuku e Yonke imizana ogwini inja howled. imizuzu engu-15 ngemva kwamabili, wezwa ukuduma kwayo okunamandla, umhlaba waba manqikanqika. Umfutho Yafika neyesibili imizuzwana 10 emva kokuqala, futhi ngemva kwakhe kwakusenesizathu engabaza Terra firma. Sea lokuqala lasuka ogwini, kodwa bese ngiyaquleka phezu kwesihlabathi wave okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ezintabeni, ngezwa ukuduma izikhukhula zeqhwa ezintabeni ze.

Lona komhlaba eziqine eCrimea, okuyinto Petrov-Vodkin abazinikezele omunye imidwebo yakhe, ombangela ukuphazamiseka eziningi. Mosque - I Alushta Genoese tower ne eziningana amahhotela e Alupka bekulimele Vorontsov Palace. Eduze Yalta abathintekayo cishe amaphesenti angu-70 izakhiwo, futhi edolobheni - ihhotela "Yalta" futhi "Russia", kanye amakhaya asendaweni.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba ezenzeka phakathi elidlule leminyaka nesigamu-

Peninsula iyaqhubeka iba indawo zokuzamazama komhlaba, futhi okwamanje. Kwake kwaba khona okunye ukuzamazama komhlaba eCrimea (1990), abaningi baqala aphathe sina ingozi zokuzamazama komhlaba. Futhi kungokwemvelo, ngoba ofakazi bokuzibonela bokuqala ngo-1927 yabika acishe never akusali, futhi ukundindizela okuq kwekhulu lama-20, wazibonakalisa kunalokho ebuthakathaka. Zazingekho ekubhubhiseni nokuzamazama komhlaba eCrimea Meyi 13, 2016, okwaphumela iqembu YaseCrimea Usanda ukuvalwa ukwethuka lula. Nokho, ochwepheshe ukweluleka hhayi uphumule. Phela, noma nini kungenzeka ngempela ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu ngo eCrimea. Ezinye izazi zokuzamazama komhlaba sezulu okungekuhle, kusukela kusukela zokugcina nenhlekelele eqinile bekulokhu cishe engu-80, futhi, njengoba nje okuhlangenwe nakho kubonisa, zingabantu ngisho kancane njalo. Ngisho noma sicabanga ukuthi yilezi zazi azilungile, kudingeka uqonde ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba akulona ezingalindelekile, futhi izingxenye zomhlaba ezifana eCrimea, bangakwazi zenzeka ngasiphi isikhathi.