"Arctic Russian" esiqiwini (Arkhangelsk esifundeni)

Russian North - endaweni ezingafinyeleleki futhi kancane wafunda. Nokho, ayilokothi iyeke ukuheha ezozibonela ubuhle bayo. umhlaba eziVikelweko Karelia, Obonezhie, Vologda oswela ukuvikelwa nokunakekelwa. National Park "Russian Arctic" kuhloswe ukuba alondoloze ingcebo yemvelo nezamasiko izingxenye okukhethekile of the North Russian.

Ukuphatha "Arctic Russian"

Ukuze ukubona amandla Russia e-Arctic, ukulondoloza ubunjalo ekhethekile North kanye nocwaningo ngo-1999, zamaphini we Arkhangelsk umhlangano zesifunda kwanqunywa ukuhlela "Russian Arctic" esiqiwini. ukuhlanganisa kuhlelwe izinhlelo zemvelo ku Victoria Island oLwandle uBarents, ku Frantsa Iosifa Land and Novaya Zemlya enyakatho. iminyaka engu-10 kamuva, V. Putin iyalele ukusungulwa "Russian Arctic" esiqiwini. Insimu kwepaki kuhlanganisa Iziqhingi eziningi okuvikelwe, zazo obakhathalelayo. Gemskerk obakhathalelayo. Loshkin obakhathalelayo. North, Orange Island. Inani indawo "Russian Arctic" - azungeze 1.5 million hectares: iningi nesembozo amanzi (mayelana 790 hectares).

Bhuka "Franz Josef Land"

Enye yezindawo eziningi enyakatho yezwe iyona Franz Josef Land, iqoqo leziqhingi eqinisweni ezincikene "Russian Arctic". Lwamagugu avikelwe umhlaba qoqo leziqhingi bavela 1994, lapho yasungulwa uMbuso egicna imvelo "Franz Josef Land". Nature Reserve, ukuvikelwa lapho "Arctic Russian", kwakheka ukuze alondoloze imvelo acwebile, ikhambi izinkinga zemvelo, umthombo ukukhiqizwa kabusha. Umsebenzi obalulekile ukuvikela nezilwane zendawo ethonyeni womuntu.

On amazwe eziqhingi kuhlale amabhere, okuyinto yayiyindawo ekahle kweSikole inzalo adalwe nemvelo. isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula rookeries bahlale ezindaweni enkulu ye-Reserve. Esiqhingini futhi Appolonova Stolichka ungabona ezingavamile Atlantic isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula rookery. Baningi inyoni amakoloni.

I microclimate esiyingqayizivele

"Russian Arctic" (National Park Arkhangelsk esifundeni), has a microclimate esiyingqayizivele. Ipaki endaweni yokuqala. It is sihlanzwe ezilwandle ezimbili Arctic: i-uBarents futhi Kara. Kule ngxenye ningizimu-ntshonalanga yoLwandle uBarents uhlale mahhala kusuka iqhwa, oLwandle Kara, ngokuphambene, ayigongobali kuphela ehlobo eduze imilomo emifuleni. isici okunjalo bemvelo lidale microclimate ezehlukile epaki, lapho kukhona ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezilwane, okuyinto alikho iyiphi insimu Arctic.

nezilwane

"Russian Arctic" - kahulumeni yokulondoloza imvelo, izakhamuzi unomphela lapho elincane kakhulu. Kukhona 11 kuphela zezilwane, kodwa zonke esiyingqayizivele. Iningi lazo zitholakala Red Encwadi Russia: Atlantic isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula futhi reindeer novozemelny, umkhomo bowhead kanye polar bear, Narwhal futhi Minke Minke. Lesi siqiwu linendima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni Kara-uBarents mabhere. Lesi siqiwu esishintshashintshayo emathafeni akha izimpungushe (nasemagqumeni ezomile) bese lemmings (eduze kwamanzi).

"Russian Arctic" - obalulekile olwenzeka endaweni endaweni bowhead whale, Spitsbergen bakhona. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, lesi silwane esincelisayo esikhulukazi ezingavamile iye qhutshwa yokuqothulwa. Manje labantu banda. Emanzini asogwini abanjalo ezincelisayo zasolwandle njengoba darnel, ihabhu uphawu, uphawu ringed, Atlantic isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula , uphawu, Narwhal.

I avifauna

I avifauna yaleli paki iyona enkulu kunazo zonke e-Russian North. Imibandela endaweni esihle unomphela olwenzeka endaweni zonyaka kanye yokwakha isidleke. Kukhona ukudla okwanele, ikakhulukazi phakathi nenkathi efudumele, eziningi izindawo ukuhlela izidleke, kukhona nhlobo uma ibona izilwane eziyingozi. Rock ptarmigan kukhona phansi futhi isikhova, mini ngekhephu. On the ogwini olunamadwala yalesi siqhingi isidleke guillemot, guillemot polar, auks kancane, Kittiwake Common Gull ezimhlophe, imeya kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni. Nge zonke ezihlukahlukene abamele avifauna kwenani ezihlukahlukene kuyaqabukela uzithole axazulule ndawonye. auks Little abahlala ezindaweni ezisogwini kanye ungashiyi ngabashushisa ngisho endlwaneni eyakhiwe. Guillemot, kunalokho, ogwini kuphela esidlekeni, futhi lonke elinye imali isikhathi kolwandle, njengoba ama-gull, kittiwakes. Zaziziningi izilwane izimeya kanye skuas axazulule eduze ezinkulu zasolwandle lokushutheka ukuwakhipha ukudla.

National Park "Russian Arctic" (Arkhangelsk) kukhanga ezinyonini ezifudukayo. Bavela emazweni aseningizimu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngenkathi yokukhwelana. Zonke passerines, ngaphandle iqhwa buntings ziyafuduka. Enezimpondo Lark, eLapland Bunting, isitofu, thinta umdanso e esidlekeni utshani obomile ngaphansi neminyezane polar. Umkhaya amadada , futhi, umelwe ku "Arctic Russian", kunamacala angu-12 kwezinhlobo. Bekanye namanye angenasawoti izinyoni esikhehleni ekhasini amachibi Arctic nemihosha. Ngo-September ubuyise amaphuphu koloni uthuthe ezindaweni ezifudumele.

ifa zamasiko nezomlando

National Park "Russian Arctic" - indawo nge ifa zomlando namasiko ekhethekile. Lapha kugxilwa izinto alale kokutholakala umlando e-Arctic. It is ukuthi 11-12 eminyaka ensimini ka epaki lwenziwe zokudoba eyaziwa, ngaya abazingela isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula ngenxa ngamazinyo azo, izimpungushe polar ngoba fur wazo ongavamile, izinyoni kanye nezinsiba ezingavamile. Itilosi zokuqala zaseYurophu labafinyelele Umhlaba Omusha, kwaba eyiNgisi Hyu Uillobi. umkhumbi wakhe ngo-1553 ngahamba ngayofuna ndima enyakatho besuka eYurophu beya China. Ukufinyelela Novaya Zemlya eningizimu futhi wenze stop ngomlomo emfuleni Varzina, soke isiqhema wabulawa ngaphansi kwezimo engaqondakali, mhlawumbe kuvinjwe i-carbon monoxide. Famous Itilosi Dutch Willem uBarents ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-16 silubhade kulelo Umhlaba Omusha. Wabhukuda waphumela eduze nogu lwasenyakatho Novaya Zemlya, ubusika esiqhingini kanye nezisebenzi. On the ukubuya endleleni wamazwe ukhwekhwe ugulela ukufa. Amatilosi wabuyela ekhaya kokuma ezibalulekile zesayensi.

Itilosi lokuqala isiRashiya, waya Umhlaba Omusha, kwaba Fedor Rozmyslov. Wachitha isikhathi esingangonyaka lo mkhankaso, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho wathatha amanothi, echaza endaweni kanye nezici zayo, uphenyo Meteorological namasevisi ohlola. iqembu lakhe ifinyelele umlomo Matochkina Bowl futhi baphoqeleka ukuba baphindele Arkhangelsk. Ekuqaleni kwawo-nekhulu le-19 nelesi-20 leminyaka Novaya Zemlya qoqo leziqhingi waqala ukuhambela kaningi, ikakhulukazi ngokushumayela nangokufundisa ngezindaba abacwaningi Russian. Ngo-1909, uVladimir Rusanov, itilosi isiRashiya, wenza izinto eziphawuleka incazelo yokuqala cartographic we Umhlaba Omusha. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, ensimini ka epaki kwenziwa izifundo ezihlukahlukene.

Okwamanje, eco-tourism ethuthuka lapha. Noma ungavakashela "Russian Arctic" esiqiwini. Izithombe namavidiyo kungenziwa nge Cruisers amabhodi okubangelwa Murmansk, futhi ngesikhathi berths eminingi emikhawulweni iziqhingi.