Fraxinus americana lapho ekhula, incazelo, isithombe

Ngokusho yetinsita onkulunkulu isiGreki sasendulo izinkuni umlotha sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi impahla ngempela efanelekayo ukudalwa komuntu. Futhi inkondlo yakhe "Imisebenzi kanye Izinsuku", ebhalwe Hesiod ekutshela ukuthi uZeyusi wadala abantu kusukela Umphini womkhonto wakhe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi eGrisi lasendulo Armourers bawasika ngokhuni umlotha ezaziwayo.

EGrisi lasendulo, lesi sihlahla kubhekwa uphawu ngakhethi retribution. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yalesi sizathu, unkulunkulukazi retribution - ukujezisa Nemesis - luvamise ukudwetshwa nge igatsha umlotha esandleni sakhe. Abanye abantu bakholwa ukuthi izinyoka ezinesihlungu besaba umlotha, ikakhulukazi, umpe lwawo. Kube ngoba bekholelwa ukuthi uma ihembe ezimanzi Ashenvale juice, ome ngifake, ungazivikela kusuka ukulunywa anobuthi.

ECaucasus ingenye izihlahla ohlonishwayo. Ezizukulwaneni, zinkomo ukuqaphile hhayi izihlahla nje ngabanye, kodwa futhi wonke ngibatshale. Kube bazidela yekulalana. Ngenxa yalesi Kwakungadingeki ukuba olunegazi retribution umlotha wanelisa imihlatshelo lapho bamthembisa imikhiqizo yobisi.

Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela lapho likhula kucace njengoba kubukeka. Ungase ukwazi indlela lelisetjentiswa.

Ash (isihlahla) zilwane

Namuhla sekunamabandla angaphezu kuka amahlanu izinhlobonhlobo lezi izihlahla. Khona-ke abakhululiwe ezivamile emhlabeni:

• Fraxinus americana - likhula empumalanga eNyakatho neMelika. It ukhetha amahlathi lezihlahla, futhi, inhlabathi enothe kahle akhanywa olumanzi. Kuvela emithambekeni (kufika ku 1050 m ngaphezu kolwandle), nasemagqumeni.
• Ash imbali (omhlophe) - basakaza eYurophu eyayiyingxenye yeRussia, eNtshonalanga Yurophu, eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Ingabe Xero photophilous Mesophytes amahlathi lezihlahla.
• Ash Lancet (green) - kungenye isitshalo esimele uhlobo umlotha. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezitholakala empumalanga eNyakatho neMelika. Ekhulwini XVIII ke ayiswa isiko, bese, lusakazwe kabanzi ngempela. Emahlathini lezihlahla akha zokutshala obukhulu, sikhula osebeni lomfula emadanyini, amagquma elina izinkalo.
• umlotha European - kuvamile eYurophu eyayiyingxenye wezwe lakithi, emahlathini eCaucasus and eCrimea, eNtshonalanga Yurophu, e-Asia Minor futhi iMedithera. Sikhula e amahlathi lezihlahla on nenhlabathi calcareous evundile.

• Ash Fluffy (Pennsylvania) - basakaza eNyakatho Melika. Populates amandla ngamanzi osebeni lwemifula, ezizwa emathafeni kukazamcolo.
• umlotha Manchurian - umuthi ukuphakama enamandla angaphezu kuka amathathu amamitha kanye ububanzi isiqu esingaphezu imitha. Okusatshalalisiwe eliseMpumalanga Ekude, e-Eastern Asia. Kabanzi amelwe izinqolobane eziningi.
• Black umlotha - itholakala ezindaweni empumalanga lweNyakatho Melika. I umuthi likhula kuze kube amamitha amabili nanhlanu. Sikhula e zezitsha okuxubile loMfula imifula kanye namachibi. Lolu hlobo athwala amanzi amancane amile. Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu akuvamile yakha zezitsha okumsulwa.
• Ash nosolistny - encane isihlahla ukuphakama kwamamitha kungekho angaphezu kwayishumi nambili. Wendlovu ubukhulu - abangamashumi amathathu ngamasentimitha. Okusatshalalisiwe eliseMpumalanga Ekude, e-Eastern Asia. Simila ezinye zigcine Far Eastern.

umlotha American (umuthi): Incazelo

isihlahla Slim abade (amamitha angu-amane). Crohn ezibanzi, ovate. Amagatsha angenalutho, amagatsha asemancane kuphela abe pubescence okuncane umbala ogqamile brown nge Tint ngokubomvu. Kamuva zithole ukukhanya orange umbala. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba aluhlaza-grey noma ensundu.

Amahlamvu nezimbali

ngokukhethekile kufanele kube leaf esihlahleni. Ash has ngempela ipuleti esikhulu nge obuphelele - abangamashumi amathathu ngamasentimitha. Ihamba ne imiphetho serrated noma lonke. umumo wabo oblong-okusaqanda noma oblong-okweqanda. Ishidi eziyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa amapuleti emihlanu kuya eziyisishiyagalolunye. Ubude yabo akuyona ngamasentimitha angaphezu kwangu-nanhlanu, ububanzi - emihlanu ngamasentimitha.

Basuke etholakala petiole ezincane (0.4-0.8 cm). Uhlangothi engenhla ipuleti ezinemibala umbala oluhlaza amnyama, ne emithanjeni lushone, ingxenye engezansi kumentshiso kakhulu. It has a ukuthungwa yeselula noma bushelelezi. inflorescences Pistillate ongafinyelela amasentimitha ayishumi ubude. Izimbali dioecious. Calyx iyabonakala kalula.

isithelo

umlotha American, okuyinto siye sahambisa izithombe kulesi sihloko isithelo-lionfish. Ubude yabo kungaba isukela 2.4 kuya 3.4 cm. Ngo obuphelele Nuts phezulu kancane esingaphansi impellers nengxenye. Sinenkosi simise njalo cylindrical, amaphiko kungukuthi Umncele.

Fraxinus americana blooms kusukela maphakathi no-April kuya ekuqaleni kuka May (ngaphambi amahlamvu). Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho isikulungele ukuthola impova we stigmas izimbali zesifazane, izimbali besilisa eduze okwamanje avuthiwe ngokugcwele. Ngakho avundiswe impova evela kwezinye izihlahla. Fruiting kusuka August kuya Okthoba.

Ash izithelo abacebile amafutha (30%), abantu endulo ngakho babewasebenzisa ukuze zithole ukudla. Ngo eNgilandi ekhulwini XVIII, baba basindiswa ifomu beya futhi wasebenzisa njengendlela isithokelo okubabayo ukuba inyama nemifino izitsha. Spring isihlahla uqokomisa juice amnandi, esetshenziswa njengendlela esikhundleni sucrose.

On nenhlabathi evundile ash American, izithombe ongawabona esihlokweni, likhula ngokushesha. Lesi sikhungo singesokuqala eziqinile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu ngasekupheleni entwasahlobo yesithwathwa. Fruiting emthini amabili nanhlanu kini iminyaka engamashumi amane. Lusebenza self-seeding, ngokuvamile egijima zasendle.

inhlabathi

Fraxinus americana akuyona ezintekenteke kakhulu enhlabathini, kodwa ukhetha ene-asidi kancane evundile. It is asathuthuka kahle futhi namaxhaphozi. Akwazi ukubekezelela nesomiso. Ngokuvamile-ke coexists nge Alder, yebo isihlekehleke somuthi, maple. Kakhulu akuvamile kuyingcenye ipulazi. It avumelane kahle izimo edolobheni. E-US, lusetshenziswe njengolimi esimila Ornamental.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, Fraxinus americana okusakazwa layering, sezinyawo amahlumela kanye imbewu. Ngo emasimini yokufakelwa ngokuvamile zisebenzisa imbewu zazo ngaphansi i-babhekane nezinga elikhulu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha

Amagxolo namaqabunga alesi umlotha Sekuyisikhathi eside ngayo lapho ephefumula, radiculitis. Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa njengoba laxative futhi isisu futhi esikhundleni egcwele quinine. Seren Samonik (udokotela waseRoma) wachaza umsebenzi wakhe e ukusetshenziswa imbewu umlotha ukwelapha ukukhwehlela, edema, isifo sesibindi. AmaJalimane lasendulo namaGreki bathi umpe umlotha uyakwazi ukuphulukisa kusuka snakebite.

Namuhla Fraxinus americana elisetshenziswa isixazululi nkinga yehadiwe nezinsiza futhi abantu imithi. Ukuze womshini mithi amagxolo esetshenziswa, amacembe kanye izithelo i umthidari. Amagxolo kuvuna entwasahlobo, kanti amacembe - ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Amahlamvu aqukethe:

• acid organic;
• carbohydrate;
• amafutha abalulekile;
• carotene;
• Salonina;
• Vitamin C;
• tannins.

Ayikho izinto kancane ewusizo eziqukethwe uqweqwe:

• phenols;
• carbohydrate;
• coumarins;
• alkaloids;
• flavonoid.

ukwakhiwa ngokusekelwe umlotha abe tonic hemostatic, iyathambisa futhi antipyretic, isisu kanye laxative, antispasmodic futhi elwa namagciwane, antitussive futhi izakhiwo anti-rheumatism.

I ukumnika izithelo esetshenziswa ihlelwe ngokulandelana kwezihloko i varices. I juice isetshenziswa ukuthola mannitol, okuyinto ngefomu omisiwe isetshenziswa ekudleni kweziguli abaphethwe isifo sikashukela. Nokho, akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi impova umlotha - a allergen eqinile, elikwaziyo kushiya ukuthuthukiswa contact dermatitis.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

• Lo muthi has a samagama abantu - holly, yasennik, yasenina. ngokuvamile coexists ne-oki, * e-maple. Ukubuka umthidari kwesihlahla se-okhi isihlahla entwasahlobo, abantu bathi uma amahlamvu kuqala ukuvela kokuqala ku-oki *, ehlobo kuyoba ezomile.
• AmaGreki asendulo esetshenziswa ijusi amahlamvu umlotha angawokuphulukisa amanxeba ngemuva kokuba yenhlwathi izinyoka ezinesihlungu.
• I juice eyatholakala kusukela amagatsha, wemba amehlo akhe ukuze uthuthukise umbono ngibenze kukhanye.
• ERussia, umlotha amagxolo esetshenziselwa umalaleveva imfiva. Izizwe eziningi bakhuleka ecacile. Lalibizwa ngokuthi "emthini wolwazi" elalibhekwa njengelinye lepilo nokuhlakanipha.
• Izinganekwane Ukraine yena samuntu ukuhlupheka. I lasendulo Scandinavians emvelo samuntu umlotha omkhulu, okuyinto asekelwe kwengungu yamazulu.
• Ngo magic, waba samuntu okuhle nokubi. Izangoma bakholwe ukuthi umuthi has amandla enamandla.
• Ekhulwini XIX igama elithi "umlotha" lalisetshenziswa ubulili besifazane.