Ukudala N. A. Nekrasova - a Amakhasi egqamile futhi ezithakazelisayo kwezincwadi Russian classical. Ukuqhubeka nezicebisayo imibono nezindlela iphawulwe yi Pushkin futhi Lermontov, Nekrasov wangenela kude phambili ekuthuthukiseni ukubhalwa izimiso yeningi bemibono yokushisekela izwe futhi Amathrendi ukuthi sekuthiwe ngemisebenzi amandulela okukhulu. Kushukumisa UNikolai - "Muse lwentukuthelo nokudabuka," udadewabo ongumlimi, ukushaywa ngeziswebhu ku Haymarket. Kikho koke ukuphila kwakhe wabhala mayelana nabantu abantu, futhi "Homespun" Russia - abampofu, becindezelwe ngesikhathi esedlule kanye amahle - Thina silindelwe kusuka emakhasini izinkondlo zakhe amaqoqo njengoba ukuziphilisa.
Umlando sokudalwa
Uhlaziyo inkondlo "The Poet neZakhamizi", kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi yobuciko, kufanele kuqale lapho utadisha umlando indalo yayo, nge isimo setepolitiki ukuthi kwaba ukuhlakulela kuleli zwe ngaleso sikhathi, futhi idatha yomlobi oluchaza, uma okuthile ukwenzani umkhiqizo . Usuku ubhala umbhalo - 1855 - Juni 1856. It yanyatheliswa okokuqala ngo iqoqo lombhali, esanyatheliswa kuyi okufanayo 56-m. Ngaphambi Nekrasov amabhuku Chernyshevsky proanonsiroval inyatheliswe Umagazini olandelayo we "Contemporary" ukuhlaziywa Ukubuyekeza kancane kule nkondlo "The Poet neZakhamizi" nombhalo, kanye ambalwa ngokucace nakakhulu futhi Nekrasovsky hlostkih usebenza, kuhlanganise ukubhinqa ebabayo "Ukhohlwe Village". Ukushicilelwa kubange resonance okukhulu emphakathini nokungeneliseki eqinile neziphathimandla nokugxeka olusemthethweni. Ngo "Poet neZakhamizi" uhulumeni autocratic oboné (kahle, ngendlela, kufanele) ukugxekwa ezinzima futhi bangamavukela-mbuso, izikhalazo wamavukelambuso. Lonke kuyi- "Contemporary", kanye amakhophi encwadi zisusiwe kusukela ukufinyelela mahhala futhi benqatshelwe yokuphinde banyathelise. Ngokuhamba umagazini isondela usongo Ukuvalwa. Futhi phezu Nekrasov, owayeneminyaka ngaleso sikhathi phesheya, singaphansi kosongo esebuya. Kungani ukusabela ngaleyo ndlela zobudlova iziphathimandla kanye ukucwaninga? Qonda lokho kuyosisiza sihlaziye inkondlo "The Poet neZakhamizi".
Yayisekelwe Kuyinkolelo-ze Literary kanye embili
Nini Nekrasov babezwile amahemuhemu ngezenzo zobudlova kahulumeni emkhakheni isiko, umbono womphakathi, izincwadi, waphendula ngokuthi ababhali Russian wabona "ukuhloba kanye neziphepho ezimbi." A wombuso weningi futhi ngiqaphele civil kanye nomuzwa umuntu okudala umthwalo emphakathini, ezweni, isikhathi kanye ithalente siqu ithatha phezu Nekrasov amadala nabo abalobi - Pushkin (khumbula edumile yakhe "Ingxoxo umdayisi wezincwadi wangaleso nembongi"), futhi Lermontov ( "intatheli, umfundi futhi umbhali "). Uhlaziyo inkondlo "The Poet neZakhamizi" kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukulandelela kwakhiwa kanjani futhi lujule Alexey isiko enkulu senkondlo.
"Art Oluhlanzekile 'futhi umugqa yeningi
50-60-yalolucwaningo. Ngekhulu le-19 - isikhathi sishubile kakhulu Russian. Naphezu ukusabela, amaphoyisa ingcindezelo nokungabi ukucwaninga autocratic kuleli zwe kukhona Ukunganeliseki okukhulayo nge yesimo sezombusazwe, ukwazi elikhulayo kwezakhi okuqhubekayo sabantu. Serfdom ugcwele ezinkulu, umqondo wenkululeko kazwelonke, ukuthukuthela revenge emoyeni. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, mpikiswano okukhulu okwenzekayo phakathi abamele nezazi zokudala. "Imbongi neZakhamizi" - ivesi ka Nekrasov - ibonisa ngokucacile essence yabo. Abameleli beNdikimba okuthiwa "art okumsulwa" (Ubuso babo Ziphikisana emsebenzini kuholela imbongi) bakholelwa ukuthi izinkondlo, izincwadi kanye umculo, imidwebo akumelwe akhulume "phakade." Lokho wabuciko ngenhla izinkinga setepolitiki, ukondliwa kwesizwe. Njengoba isibonelo isikhundla esinjalo siholela Nekrasov wacaphuna imisebenzi Pushkin sika ( "The Poet neZakhamizi", leli vesi, "Sizalelwe ugqozi / Ngoba imisindo amnandi futhi imithandazo ..."). A abaphikisi okuqina lokhu umbono zishabashekele sesimweni ukuphila okumatasa ubuciko livela enkondlweni Citizen. Kuyinto lowo ibonisa imibono nemibono nombhali, ukuthambekela yeningi kanye nezifiso.
Ingcikitsi umqondo kule nkondlo
Nekrasov neze wabelane izinkondlo zakhe ku-luyingxenye lyrical, obuseduze, futhi lokho okumelwe zikwenze. Lezi izinkomba ezimbili, ezibonakala okuhluke kakhulu, ngokuvumelanayo kuhlanganiswe emsebenzini wakhe ku ukusakaza olulodwa. "Imbongi neZakhamizi" (inkondlo ukuhlaziywa kufakazela lezi zinto isitatimende) - umkhiqizo isofthiwe ngomqondo ukuthi kudalulwe imiqondo ebaluleke kakhulu umbhali, wakhuluma ngezinto ezibalulekile. Nekrasov ngokucacile futhi wabonisa obala ukuthi credo yakhe yendalo nangeZwi setepolitiki: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungubani oqeqeshiwe futhi izinkolelo. Kubalulekile ukuthi uyindodana yezwe labo, okusho ukuthi isakhamuzi, ngubani kufanele ukulwela ke, impilo engcono, ukuchuma, kokubili kwezomnotho nezingokomoya. Ngeshwa, Ngivumelana naye abaningana. Ngenxa isakhamuzi kamunyu uyababaza: "ngaphandle kokukhetha inhliziyo enhle / Yikuphi lokhokho lingcwele." 'Ngehora yosizi nokudabuka, "onekhono, ngokwethembeka, abantu abafundile Awunalo ilungelo lokuphenya ukuhlala sibukela, ukumemeza bethi" ubuhle bemvelo "futhi" gona amnandi. " Abaculi, ikakhulukazi abalobi, afakwa isipho esikhethekile - ukuthonya izingqondo nezinhliziyo zabo zabantu, ukuba babahole - ukusizakala. duty zaKhe, ukuze anikele yena kusevisi njengezitha zezwe lokhokho abantu - ukuthi ubona zokudala ubuntu injongo Nekrasov. "Imbongi neZakhamizi", ukuhlaziywa okuyinto sibambelela - ukunxusa inkondlo-Manifesto-inkondlo obala ukumema bonke abalobi nabo sohlangothini abantu, "Ungabi isakhamuzi ehloniphekile / K lenkaba umphefumulo abandayo / Akanalo isihlamba ebabayo ..." .
Ukwakheka kanye umkhiqizo izici zendlela yokubhala
Ngakho, isihloko senkondlo - imbongi kanye izinkondlo, indima yabo kule nhlangano setepolitiki yezwe. Umcondvo lomcoka endzabeni kanye umcondvo lobalulekile eshiwo kulama imigqa: "Yiba sakhamuti ... / Ukuze siphile aba umakhelwane omuhle ...". Ukuze liveze kube sobala futhi sicace, licace ukuwudlulisela abafundi Nekrasov ikhetha owaqalwa le lyric isebenza - inkhulumomphendvulwano samdlalo mpikiswano ngemibono. Heroes isifaniselo enye monologues abanothando Citizen, egcwele izikhalazo mphendvulo kanye enjabulo, okwenza kube inkulumo imizwelo kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho uqhuba yayo inkhulumomphendvulwano yangaphakathi. Inani elikhulu tento lephocako, isichazamazwi setepolitiki, izinsizwa buviyoviyo unikeza umfundi isimo sengqondo kakhulu asebenzayo futhi ngempumelelo, elifuna futhi Nekrasov. "Imbongi neZakhamizi" - senkondlo, okuyinto waphumelela ngokugcwele nihlola yinkakha amazwi, ukuthi inkinga yabo - hhayi "belles Ama-eReaders" nokuzwa kwakhe abathandi injabulo, hhayi inkulumo engasho lutho, futhi ukukhonza abantu. Ukuhlobana umsebenzi wakhe akubhekwa elahlekile ezinsukwini zethu.