Ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe" futhi "zyatek": ukubuyekezwa, izincazelo, ukutshalwa, isithombe

Ekupheleni kuka-May, balimi abaningi baqala ukutshala zakuqala ukukhula izitshalo ezifana utamatisi kanye ukhukhamba. "Umkhwekazi" futhi "zyatek", okuyinto libuyekeza balimi kwesokunxele bese abatshali kukhona ethandwa kakhulu yibo bonke. Abalimi abanolwazi sokukhuluma kahle ngalezi amamaki. Olunye ulwazi kungatholakala kulesi sihloko.

Ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe" futhi "zyatek": incazelo izinhlobo

"Zyatek" libhekisela eqenjini nzalo. Inzuzo enkulu ye-ezihlukahlukene - isivuno high. A hybrid uhlobo izimbali zesifazane kukhona ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe." Futhi "zyatek" (izibuyekezo cottagers nedatha kwezesayensi yezolimo ukhombise lokhu) namabanga yesibili kukhona imifino zivuthiwe. Ngokuvamile, baba etshalwa eRussia, eMoldova nase-Ukraine. Omabili ahlala avela isifo nemithi. Izibuyekezo mayelana ukhukhamba, "kusho umama wakwakhe" futhi "zyatek" waqinisekisa lokhu kwaziswa.

Ikakhulukazi ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe"

Lokhu ezihlukahlukene Simila endle futhi zokugcina. Imbewu ezihlwanyelwe ekuqaleni kuka-April, ngokuvamile, okungenani - ekupheleni kukaMashi. Kusukela mzuzu ukuvela phambi fructification kuthatha okungenani izinsuku 45. Izithombo namahlamvu eziningana ujule emsebenzini othile ekhanyayo ngasekupheleni Meyi.

ikhukhamba izithelo kokuba usayizi isilinganiso. Ubude 10-13 cm. Izithelo isidingo hillocks kanye spikes. Isisindo ikhukhamba isilinganiso ingeqi 150-200 amagremu. Ngokuvamile, lesi sitshalo has amaqanda amaningi.

Ngokucophelela ukunambitheka namanzi ngaphandle ukufutheka - yilokhu libhekene ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe" futhi "zyatek". Uphenyo abathandi yemifino lingama omuhle. Ngokusho abashayeli bamaloli, ezihlukahlukene nge uhlobo besifazane izimbali uphelele hhayi kuphela salting futhi amanzi okugqumisa, kungashiwo kudliwe ifomu fresh.

Ikakhulukazi ukhukhamba "zyatek"

Ukhukhamba "zyatek" nethi "umama wakwakhe" kukhona Izibuyekezo ezinhle kuphela. ebangeni lokuqala ngokuyinhloko efanayo ekamelweni layo. Bobabili ubheke uhlobo besifazane izimbali hybrid, okusho ukuthi sizibangela impova. Izithelo abe ubukhulu efanayo ukuthi we "umama." - 10-12 cm ku cross-Sectional ikhukhamba isilinganiso safinyelela 3-4 cm, yesisindo sayo - 90-110 g Izithelo - beloshipye, lumpy. Musa ukunambitha ezibabayo. Inyama ikhukhamba iqinile futhi namanzi. Umbala izithelo - oluhlaza amnyama nge white stripes. Zokutshala "Zyatkov" futhi kwenzeka ngoMeyi. It abatshalwé ovulekile futhi in zokugcina. Thola isivuno sokuqala kungaba kudala njengoba Julayi. Ngenxa yalokho, kusukela ukuhluma kuya fruiting yenzeka kwezinsuku ezilinganiselwa kwezingu-40-50 of.

Indlela ukutshala?

A efanayo uhlelo lokutshala - yilokho esihlanganisa ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe" futhi "zyatek". Ukubuyekeza, izithombe kungabonakala kulesi sihloko. Ngo izitshalo kakhulu zitshalwa at ibanga hhayi cm ngaphansi kuka-50 ngaphandle. Yini odinga ukuyazi zonke wensimu ngubani yanquma sikhule ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe" futhi zyatek "?

• Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze uthole izithombo, imbewu abatshalwé ekuqaleni kuka-April.
• Ukuvela amaqabunga ambalwa ku ihlumela - uphawu ngokuthi lesi sithombo singakhiqiza itshalwe abamba ukushisa noma endle. Ngokuvamile, le nkathi e ekupheleni May.
• kokwehla phansi kumele uzilungiselele kusenesikhathi.

Ukutshala nokuvuna

Ukuhlakula ukhula avamile futhi kuniselwa idingwa zonke izinhlobo zemifino, kuhlanganise ukhukhamba kanye "umama wakwakhe" futhi "zyatek". Growing sivame ukwenzeka ngaphandle inhlobo yesifo, kusukela nzalo ukwenza umsebenzi oncomekayo kanye nokupholisa, kanye nomthelela izinambuzane. Emkhakheni isitshalo nezihlahla ngezinye izikhathi kube umhlaba zathukululeka. Ukuze uthole isivuno eliphezulu, kuyatuseka ukuba uthuthukise inhlabathi kusengaphambili, ukuthi unakho isamba elanele amaminerali nezinye izakhi. Ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa (izinsuku 45-50), nolibo kungenziwa ukuvunwa. Isivuno isilinganiso sikabhanana kuyinto 7-10 kg yamakhukhamba.

Ngamafuphi, le ukutshalwa yamakhukhamba senzeka ngezigaba eziningana:

1. Ekutshaleni imbewu.
2. Transplanting.
3. Ukunisela.
4. Ukuhlakula ukhula.
5. Ukuvundiswa.

Indlela ukunakekela?

Njalo wensimu abanolwazi uyazi ukuthi kakhulu izitshalo ukushisa-onothando ukhukhamba ezinjalo "zyatek" nethi "umama wakwakhe." Izibuyekezo abashayeli bamaloli ngokuvamile aqukethe ukwaziswa okuwusizo mayelana nendlela kahle ukunakekela izitshalo lezi izinhlobo.

1. Into yokuqala okumele anakekele okushisa ezithile. Inani kahle le thermometer kuyinto 12-13 degrees ngenhla zero. Kungenjalo, imbewu abune futhi bafe.
2. Uma izinga lokushisa inhlabathi ephakeme, isibonelo 15-18 degrees, imbewu ziqhume ngokushesha. It wamiswa ngo icala lapho amahlumela isitshalo zabonakala ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10.
3. Lapho ufika izinga lokushisa inhlabathi 25-29 degrees ngenhla imbewu zero akwazi ukugibela ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu.
4. Amazinga elikhulu for ezikhulayo izitshalo abasha - 16-20 degrees. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-ukhukhamba zikhule kahle futhi ngokushesha liqala ukuthela izithelo. Emazingeni ngezansi degrees 15 izitshalo ukuthuthukisa ezimbi. Ngakho, ngesikhathi ehlobo lika Ukupholisa kunciphisa inani izimbali ikhukhamba, okuholela ukuncipha izitshalo esikhathini esizayo.
5. ukunakekelwa Proper kakhulu inquma isimo isitshalo, isibalo othela izithelo, njll Ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe" futhi "zyatek" like ukushisa nokukhanya. Ngakho awukwazi kakhulu esinabantu imbewu. Ezihlabayo ungakha izithunzi ezokwenza liphazamisane nokuvuthwa izithelo.
6. ukuthambisa avamile - yilokho idingwa zonke izitshalo. Qinisekisa izinga elithile umswakama enhlabathini kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi - kusukela lokufikela imbewu izithelo yokuvuthwa. Uma lesi sitshalo waphuzisa kakhulu ngesandla esivulekile, nezinwele impande siqale ukubola, okungaholela kokufa isihlahla.
7. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuze ukhiqize izitshalo Umanyolo, ikakhulukazi phakathi nenkathi esiphelweni vegetative. Abalimi abanolwazi ukweluleka ukuchelela ukhukhamba izixazululo potassium ne phosphorus. Akubalulekile ukuthenga imishini ekhethekile, zonke izakhi ku umquba evamile. Nokho, lapha futhi, kumele zithobele esilinganisweni. Too ukuvundiswa njalo kungaholela ekufeni zalesi sihlahla. Inani elikhulu wokunisela ngomanyolo - 1 isikhathi ngesonto.

Yini izifo silindele lezi izinhlobo?

Ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe" futhi "zyatek" ngokwanele isifo ukumelana. Nokho, lesi sitshalo usengakwazi sigule, ngokuvamile kakhulu kwenzeka ngesikhathi ukunakekelwa okungalungile. Yiziphi izinkinga ezingavela uma ekhula ukhukhamba?

1. Lesi sitshalo limbozwa botrytis ungqimba. Iziqu kanye Amaqabunga oklizistymi. Kungcono ukuhlanza simila kuyinto tuft utshani ukubabulala bola. Yelaphani ehlathini ngokusebenzisa isixazululo ekhethekile of wokulinganisa, amanzi kanye potassium permanganate. Le nhlanganisela is akhuhlwe esiphithizelayo umnyuziki sifanamsindvo kuya amahlamvu.
2. Ukubonakala izindawo aphuzi ansundu amaqabunga. Uma ehlathini buphendukile baba aphuzi, cishe, nesifo isitshalo kuthinta imvelaphi fungal. Esinye isici - ukubukeka lwamanzi ndawo, kuzwakala ku izithelo ngokwabo. Ukuze anqobe ukhunta kudingeka ngokushesha ukuqeda ezindaweni ezilimele zalesi sihlahla futhi ngokuvamile pholisa abamba ukushisa.
3. Ukufika kombuso grey-olive-plaque kanye enezici izindawo engalingani amaqabunga. Lesi sifo ubizwa ngokuthi "peronosporosis". Kwenzeka ngenxa umswakama ngokweqile. ngezinye izikhathi Peronosporosis livela ngesikhathi ehlobo lika Ukupholisa ukuthi ingahlala esingaphezu kosuku olulodwa. Ukuze anqobe lesi sifo, amahlamvu olufuthwe nge whey.

Ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe" futhi "zyatek": Izibuyekezo kanye nezincomo

Kusahlaziywa yakhe, balimi bathi lezi izinhlobo yamakhukhamba kukhona okungcono. Baletha isivuno eliphezulu, izitshalo undemanding, abazi badinge ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ngokuvamile, "umamezala" futhi "Zyatkov" etshalwa pickling futhi ngosawoti. Ubuncane balesi siqiwu, izithelo kuyinto enhle kakhulu le njongo, 10-isentimitha ukhukhamba ngokuphelele ibekwe embizeni. Abalimi iningi weneliseka lezi izinhlobo, kodwa kunconywa ukulandela imithetho kanye nemibandela ezikhulayo:

• Omunye imitha square kungcono ukutshala hhayi ningi than 4 izitshalo.
• Akubalulekile pereuvlazhnyat inhlabathi.
• Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo akakhulelanga emthunzini.
• Umoba yamakhukhamba ukuthi uqonde izingongolo mpo ukufakwa abamba ukushisa noma ngaphandle.
• Amahlumela ngaphandle umbala prischipnut kudingeka, lapho zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha ezimbili izinyawo.
• Ukufeza umswakama high kule abamba ukushisa, kungenzeka ukuba fafaza amanzi phansi.
• Zalisa izitshalo akufanele izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ngesonto.
• Ngezinye ukutshalwa yamakhukhamba ku ekhanyayo kuba efiselekayo uhlangana isiswebhu. Ukuvuna namanzi izitshalo kuyoba lula kakhulu.
• Nzalo Awekho izimbali eyinyumba.
• Ngaphambi betshala kubalulekile bahlolisise ilebula iphakethe. Baveza inombolo kwembewu, ukutshalwa imithetho.

Uma ufuna ukuthola isivuno eliphakeme abatshalwé ukhukhamba "umama wakwakhe" futhi "zyatek". Lezi izinhlobo kufanele kungene izikhundla aholayo phakathi kwabanye. Ukweluleka balimi sikhule nzalo ngoba undemanding ekunakekelweni, plus yonke izithelo agcwele amanzi kakhulu futhi lizwakale ezibabayo.