UJaroslaw Kaczynski, osombusazwe wasePoland: biography, umndeni, umsebenzi wezepolitiki, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Laba bafana ababili uLech noJaroslaw Kaczynski baqale badumala abafana abaneminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye ubudala ePoland lonke ngo-1962, bezibonakalisa emisebenzini eyinhloko yefilimu yefilimu-inganekwane. Omdala kubazalwane nguJaroslav.

Biography

Abazalwane bazalwa enhloko-dolobha yasePoland ngo-18.06.1949. Ubaba, uRaimund Kaczynski, owayengumpi wempi, owayengumphathi weCraiova Army, wasebenza njengenjiniyela. Umama kaYadviga ungumphilologist. Bobabili abazali bahlanganyela ngentshiseko ku-1944 Abaphikisi baseWarsaw.

Abazalwane nabo baphumelela esikoleni futhi baqhubekela phambili izifundo zabo e-Faculty of Law and Management eYunivesithi yaseWarsaw.

UJaroslav Kaczynski waqala umsebenzi wakhe wesayensi kusukela ngo-1971. Ufinyelele kudokotela wesayensi wesayensi emkhakheni wezomthetho. Umsebenzi wakhe wawuhlanganisa i-Institute for Policy eSayensi neMfundo Ephakeme kanye negatsha laseBiałystok le-University eWarsaw.

Phakathi neminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, abafowethu ababili baqala ukwenza imisebenzi ephikisayo, baba amalungu eKomidi Lokuvikelwa Kwabasebenzi. 1980 - abahlanganyeli benkomfa yokuqala yeSolidarity.

Lapho isimo sesimo esiphuthumayo senziwa ngo-1981, uLech kuphela waboshwa, ngoba kwakubhekwa ukuba khona okungenasipiliyoni ohlwini lokuboshwa kwabantu ababili abanegama elifanayo kanye nosuku lokuzalwa.

Kamuva, uJaroslaw Kaczynski wajoyina ubuholi bunyunyana weSolidarity. Ema-80, wayeyilungu legatsha lasePoland leKomiti yamaHelsinki. Ngo-1989-90 wayeyi-editor-inhloko yephephandaba lamasonto onke uSolidarnost.

Isekela lomsebenzi

Ekupheleni kuka-1989, u-Yaroslav wakhethwa ukuba abe yilungu leSenate, elikhethwe yi-Civil Parliamentary Party. Wanikezwa ukuba amele inyunyana ngesikhathi sezingxoxo lapho edala izakhiwo zikahulumeni eziphethwe yi-T. Mazowiecki.

Ngo-1990-92, inhloko yehhovisi likaMongameli uL. Valenza kwakunguJaroslaw Kaczynski. Iqembu "Isivumelwano Sama-Centrist Forces" yasungulwa ngo-1990. Wayengumholi wawo iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, ngenkathi ekhuthele kakhulu.

Ngo-1991-1993, 1997-2001 nango-2001-2005, lo mpolitiki wePolish wakhethwa kuma-deputies aseSejm.

Dala i-batch entsha

Ngentwasahlobo ka-2001, uKaczynski wahlela iqembu elisha lokukholisisa, eliholwa nguLech. Leli qembu labizwa ngokuthi "uMthetho noMthetho". Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye amavoti okhetho aqoqwe okhethweni lamaphalamende ezinyangeni eziyisithupha emva kokudalwa kwaleli qembu. Iqembu leqembu eSejm laliholwa yiJaroslav.

Kusukela ngo-2003, ngemuva kokukhethwa kukaLech Kaczynski ngumbhovisi waseMarsaw, lo mzalwane wahola iqembu. NgoSeptemba ngalowo nyaka, iqembu "Law and Justice" lithole cishe amaphesenti angu-27 ekhethweni lamaphalamende, kanti uJaroslaw Kaczynski uphinde waqondiswa eSejm.

Ukuze angenzi izithiyo kuMfoweth 'uLech ngehora lesikhetho likaMengameli, u-Yaroslav kwadingeka ashiye isikhundla sekhanda likahulumeni. U-K. Martsinkevich wakhethwe kulokhu okuthunyelwe.

ULech Kaczynski - UMongameli wasePoland

NgoNovemba 23, 2005, uLech wakhetha umongameli wasePoland , owokuqala wabonga umfowabo. Watshela "u-chair-chairman of the party" ukuthi "umsebenzi" usugcwalisekile - isihlalo sikaMengameli "siphumelele ngempumelelo."

Ngo-July 14, 2006, u-Yaroslav wamiswa njengongqongqoshe.

Naphezu kokuthi abafowethu babengamaKatolika angenamandla, ngokusho kwabacwaningi abathile, uNdunankulu wasePoland unamathele embonweni womhlaba onembile kunomfowabo.

Izenzo ezombusazwe zasePoland zakwamanye amazwe ngesikhathi sobuholi babazalwane zaholela ekuhlukunyezweni okuthile ne-European Union, ukuxhunyaniswa ne-United States of America nokuwohloka kobuhlobo neRussia.

Inkinga yezombangazwe

Ehlobo lika-2007, iPoland yayisesimweni sezinkinga zezombangazwe. UJaroslaw Kaczynski wagcizelela ukuthi umongameli ususe ehhovisi A. Lepper, ongu-Vice-Premier, uNgqongqoshe wezolimo kanye nekhanda leqembu elithi "Self-Defense", ilungu leqembu likahulumeni njengomlingani omncane.

Isizathu sokusula emsebenzini kwakuyiqiniso lokubandakanyeka kukaLepper ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu, kodwa uLepper ngokwakhe wayiphika ifomu elihlelekile. Ngokusho kwakhe, "ukuzivikela" kufanele kuhlale kuhlanganiso lukahulumeni, kodwa isimo esihlambalazayo sathuthuka ngokwengeziwe ngamandla.

Abanye abezindaba babika ukuthi iphini likaNdunankulu waxoshwa ngokuphathelene nezinyathelo ezivusa amadlingozi ezihlelwe nguNdunankulu.

Ekukhetheni kokuqala kwephalamende ekwindla 2007, iqembu "Law and Justice" lithole kancane amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-32, lidlulisele phambili "Civil Platform", eyayiholwa nguDonald Tusk. 5.11.2007 U-Y. Kaczynski washiya isikhundla sikaNdunankulu.

Inhlekelele, Katyn, isikhumbuzo

Ngo-10.04.2010 UMongameli wasePoland uLech Kaczynski nomkakhe uMaria kanye nabaningi bezombangazwe basePoland basePoland, izikhulu zempi, ezenkolo nezesidlangalaleni bahamba ngezindiza zikaMengameli iT-154M nge-PLF101 kusukela eWarsaw kuya eSmolensk. Ngesikhathi sokufika enkundleni yezindiza uSomolensk-Severnoye enomkhuhlane oqinile indiza yaphahlazeka emithini, yawa yawa yizicucu.

Lokhu kushayisana kwezindiza ngaseSmolensk kwathatha abantu abangu-96. Ukuphenya ngezimbangela zengozi kwaqhutshwa ochwepheshe baseRashiya nabasePoland, kanye nekhomishana yamazwe ngamazwe.

Abagibeli bezindiza ezinqotshwe yizikhulu zasePoland eziholwa ngumongameli wezwe owenza ukuvakashelwa ngasese emcimbini waseMangali eKatyn. Isikhumbuzo sikhumbuzo sokubulawa kwezikhulu zebutho lasePoland kwakhiwa lapho kuhlonishwa khona iminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa kulo nyaka wokulila.

U-Yaroslav Kaczynski wayengekho phakathi kwabagibeli abafile, ngoba wenqaba le ndege ngenxa yokugula kukaMama.

Imiphumela yokuphenya ngengozi eyingozi

Ikomidi le-Interstate Aviation (IAC) elitholakale ekuphenyweni ukuthi, kuze kube yilapho indiza iqhamuka nezihlahla, ukusebenza kwazo zonke izinhlelo kwakujwayelekile. Inkungu yayiyimbangela yokungabonakali okubi, okwakuphansi kunokuba kuvunyelwe lapho kufika. Ulwazi ngalokhu luthunyelwe kubasebenzi bezindiza.

U-IAC waphetha ngokuthi le nhlekelele yenzeke ngenxa yezinyathelo ezingalungile ngamalungu ezisebenzi zezindiza kanye nezingcindezi ezingokwengqondo kuzo.

I-State Aviation Commission ye-Ministry of the Interior yasePoland, yenze uphenyo lwezingozi zezindiza, yavuma iphutha labashayeli bezindiza njengesizathu salolu daba, kuyilapho izici ezibalulekile zengozi zaziwa ngezinkinga ezingenakubalwa zokuhambisa umoya ngezindiza ngabahambisa izindiza ze-Smolensk-Severnoy Airport kanye nezinkinga ekugcinweni kwe-aerodrome.

Ukukhethwa komongameli omusha

20.06.2010 IPoland yakhetha inhloko entsha yombuso.

UJaroslaw Kaczynski kulolu khetho wathola amaphesenti angama-36.74 evoti, kanti umphikisi wakhe oyinhloko, uSomlomo wePolish Sejm Bronislaw Komorowski, - amaphesenti angu-41.22. Ukukhethwa kokugcina ngoJulayi 4, 2010 uhambo olulandelayo luhlelwe. Kulo, uKomorowski, okhethwe yi-"Civil Platform", ukuthola amaphesenti angu-53 evoti, wanqoba.

Ukhetho lwePhalamende - ngo-2011 luphelile iqembu leKaczynski aliphumelelanga ngokuphelele. Ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-30 kuphela evoti, wayeyindawo yesibili. Wangena eSejm ngezindawo ezingu-158.

Ngesikhathi ukhetho lukaMengameli luka-2015, uKaczynski usekela ilungu leqembu elithile u- A. Dudu, owatholile ngokuthayipha amaphesenti angu-53 evoti.

Ngomhla ka-20.06.2015, ngesikhathi kubanjwe inkomfa ye-Y. Kaczynski, ukhetho lukaBeata Shidlo lwaphakanyiswa esikhundleni seNdunankulu emkhankasweni wokhetho wokwindla.

Imibono kaY. Kaczynski

Ngenkathi egwaza indiza ngo-2010, umfowabo washona ngokudabukisayo, uJaroslaw Kaczynski mayelana neRussia waphendula kanje. Okokuqala, wavuma ukuthi iziphathimandla zaseRussia ziphenya ngezizathu zokuwa kwezindiza zikaMengameli eduze kwaseSmolensk ngokubambisana namaPoles.

Nokho, ngokushesha ngemuva kokhetho, ushintsho olubucayi isikhundla sakhe senzeke. Uqale ukuveza ukuthi uhlangothi lwaseRussia lwalufihlile izimbangela zangempela zengozi, waze wakhuthaza i-United States ukuba iphenye le ndaba.

Usombusazwe waseRussia uS. S. Stankevich ubona ezitatimendeni zikaJ. Kaczynski kuphela ukuhlangana kwezombusazwe. Ukuze silondoloze izinga elithile lokushisekela, abezombusazwe abanobugebengu obufanele kakhulu bazama njalo ukudala isimo somhlobo othile we-upsurge. Bazama njalo ukuthola izici ezibuhlungu kakhulu. Ngisho nengozi enkulu enjalo abazama ukuyisebenzisa ekubutheni abalandeli babo ukugqugquzela imibono yezombusazwe ephezulu, uStankevich ukholelwa.

Ukusuka eKaczynski wathola izitatimende ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuba ufunde lonke iqiniso mayelana nezimo ze-Smolensk inhlekelele futhi uyishicilele emakhasini ezincwadi nezincwadi.

Ngokusho kwakhe, amaPoles kumele azi iqiniso ukuze athole iziphetho ezifanele. Ukukhumbula inhlekelele, ngokusho kwezombangazwe, kufanele iqhutshwe nganoma iyiphi indlela, isibonelo, egameni lomgwaqo noma isikwele, ngokufaka isikhumbuzo eduze kwesihlalo somongameli.

Enye yezinkulumo ezinjalo zikaJaroslav Kaczynski esakhiweni sokusungulwa kwetshe lesikhumbuzo kwalabo abahlukunyezwe yile nhlekelele yahlanganiswa nenani elikhulu labasekeli.

Izitatimende zakamuva zikaKaczynski

Ngo-June 2016, umholi weqembu elibusayo angase athole isitatimende sokuthi ubukhosi bePoland yaseRiphabhulikhi bufuna ukuvikelwa. Yilokhu akushoyo, ekhuluma eWarsaw.

Kusukela emazwini akhe, ukuphazanyiswa kubonakala njalo ezindabeni zangaphakathi zasePoland, izwe liba yinto yokucindezela ekuxazululeni izinkinga eziphathelene ngqo nokuphila kwazo zonke izakhamizi zezwe.

"IPoland," kusho uJ. Kaczynski, "kufanele ajoyine izinyunyana ezihlukahlukene, afune izixazululo ezihlukahlukene, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ubukhosi bawo kumele buhlale bungagxili." IPoland akufanele ibe ngumhlinzeki womsebenzi kulabo abacebile kakhulu. "

Kusukela ngoJuni 2016, emasimini emikhawulweni yomngcele ophakathi kweRussia nePoland, isheke sezakhamuzi zaseRussia ezivakashela ePoland siye saqiniswa kakhulu. Lokhu kwafaka isandla ekubukeni kwemigqa ekuthunyelwe kwemingcele.

U-Kaczynski ungumphikisi wePoland ukungena endaweni yase-euro, kodwa ungumsekeli wokuqinisa i-block ye-NATO kuleli zwekazi laseYurophu.

Abaningi balindele ukuthi ahlasele ubuhlobo neJalimane ne-EU yonke.

Ezimweni zikaJaroslaw Kaczynski, ukuthunyelwa kwamabutho aseMelika ensimini yasePoland kucatshangelwe.

Ukuphila komuntu siqu

UJaroslaw Kaczynski ungashadile. Indawo yakhe yokuhlala yayihlala idolobha laseZholibozh, lapho ahlala khona nonina, owafa ngoJanuwari 17, 2013.