Submarine "Zaporizhia" Naval Amandla Ukraine: incazelo, umlando, amathemba

I ngwenya "Zaporizhia" - isinqamu kwenkathi, eU.SSR isihlakazeka mshini. Waya e-Ukraine, futhi kwakufanele kube ungumhambeli kwe-Armada imikhumbi, kodwa, like abaningi isimo Ukraine, kusuka la mazwi ayeyingxenye yezifiso, nokuvulwa ibhizinisi ngwenya wahlanganyela nayizimfundamakhwela. Ngakho ukuphendula sinezinhloso ezinhle ziphenduka zibe Eqinisweni okuhlazisayo unezela kahle endaweni yengcebo yezwe.

ekudalweni

Submarine "Zaporizhia 'ngwenya sabekwa phansi Admiralty Shipyard eLeningrad, Mashi 24, 1970, it kwehlisa amasheya ngo-May 29 no-angena elwandle ngoNovemba 6 ngawo lowo nyaka. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, ngo-January 20, 1971, kwaba oluthathwa njengengxenye Navy yeNyakatho Fleet wase-USSR. Njengengxenye Navy Union kwakubhalwe ngaphansi kwegama ikhodi B-435. I-NATO ngezigaba lolu hlobo ngwenya unikezwa igama "Foxtrot". Submarine eyenzelwe uhambo olude olwandle - kwaba uhlobo lokuqala lemikhumbi ngwenya emiselwe ukuthekelisa yokuthengisa. Lokhu kokugcina wethulwa 1983. Iningi isitoreji kwamanzi izikebhe kakade elingasekho empini bese kulahlwa konke eyayakhiwe noma Museum izingcezu.

Ukukhonza Russian Navy ngwenya Project 641 "Zaporozhye" ayegcwele wachitha iminyaka engu-20. 14 yesikhathi eside ukuhwebelana avele, eTunisia, eSyria, Cuba, Morocco phakathi izimbobo oye wenzeka phakathi nalesi sikhathi. inkonzo ithimba Basic wathwala amanzi oLwandle uBarents neMedithera, Atlantic Ocean furrow. Inombolo ephelele ngwenya endleleni siwela kuyinto ayizinkulungwane 13 nautical miles.

Esikhathini Black Sea Fleet ongene Agasti 27, 1990, lapho ihanjiswe endaweni entsha okuyiwa kuyo maphakathi nezwe nemifula. Ngesisekelo yokuhlala isibe South ethekwini Sevastopol. Ngemva kokuwa eU.SSR division of the Black Sea Fleet phakathi Russia nase-Ukraine ngwenya B-435 baya ohlangothini olungakwesokudla Ukrainian, lapho ethola inombolo U01 hlangothi nakuloluya igama elisha - ". Zaporozhye"

Ukulungisa nenkathi yamaSoviet

I kulungiswe lokuqala olukhulu ngwenya "Zaporizhzhia" owawuse ngemva kwalowo mkhankaso Atlantic ngo-1972. ukulungiswa yamanje Kwakuseshwa ebhodini kusuka 1979 kuya 1981 ngo Kronstadt. ukulungisa e Sevastopol (Kilenbuhta) kwenziwa emva ukudluliswa Sea Fleet. Ngenxa yokuntuleka imali ukuthengwa amabhethri sabekwa phezulu.

Ukuphila ngwenya kule ezingokoqobo Ukrainian

Isiphetho ngwenya "Zaporizhia" - a melodrama lempi, lapho ukuxuba yokuhlekwa izinyembezi, le militancy kuphela emlandweni isihloko uhlobo. Njengoba isikebhe sase christened Flagship Naval Amandla Ukraine futhi kubhekwe nombungu izikhali ezinkulu kwamanzi, yafakazela ukulandelwa ezifanele ngesimo division. Lalinama:

• uMphathi Abasebenzi - uCaptain 1st isikhundla.
• Lisekela uCaptain umsebenzi kwezemfundo.
• ochwepheshe ezikhethekile (udokotela, bengisebenza emayini, itilosi nokunye. D.).
• Assistants ekuseni. Abasebenzi nge elisezingeni likakaputeni we isikhundla 2nd.

Njengengxenye division kwadingeka iposi umyalo ne esifanelekile, sakhiwe a osesikhundleni esiphakeme amatilosi lempi. Khonza zonke kwadingeka into ekhona oyedwa kuphela, okuyinto ngwenya "Zaporizhia". Kulokhu, umthamo wemvula yemikhumbi phezu Kulindeleke - kwakungekho izingcweti bayakwazi ukwakha yempi labelwe uxhaso ngokushesha walahlekelwa ekhukhwini izikhulu.

Ukhathele izifiso yokwanda kokungabi wasenganekwaneni Division, Naval Forces of ukuphathwa Ukraine lanquma yokuqeda, futhi ngwenya wadluliswa ukuvundulula imikhumbi. Ngo-February 2001, lowo mkhosi emisiwe weminyaka le ngwenya - umkhumbi engu-35 ubudala. Ngiqinisile buhlanjululwe imininingwane namanzi: ngwenya "Zaporizhia" ashiselwe ukuba pier nge izintambo zensimbi, kungenjalo ukuthi bekuyoba Ngishoné nje.

isehlakalo ngesiGreki ukulungisa Ukrainian

Emva ukudluliselwa Ukraine ngwenya "Zaporizhia" waphinde waphumela ukulungisa, okwenzeka ngo-Balaklava. Ngo-2003, ngemva umsebenzi esikhumulweni semikhumbi, imikhumbi-ngwenya wethulwa, kodwa isimo abasebenza ayikazeki. Isizathu salokho - akukho amabhethri. Abaholi Ukraine Navy banquma ukuthenga ibhethri elisha kule nkampani ngesiGreki Germanos SA izindleko zaba $ 3.5 million, omunye izinkampani Russian zigcwalisa lesi siprofetho ngokunikela ukuthenga amabhethri ishibhile, kodwa ohlangothini Ukrainian wenqabile.

Iqiniso lokuthi terminals ku amabhethri bengakwamukeli ngwenya Soviet Kwatholakala, nje lapho ayeya ukufakwa, ngaphezu, izinhlangothi jikelele amabhethri uma zisaphuma. Futhi wahlala phezu isikebhe enibekelwe omunye iminyaka eyisithupha, amabhethri babehlangene uthuli eseduze, ngebhange ngaphansi kombhede. Umqondo ukubuyisela "yilo lonke elase imikhumbi yangaphansi kwamanzi", ehlanganisa isikebhe esisodwa yalo ivuthe umlilo Yuriy Yekhanurov, ngaleso sikhathi okwakunguye uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela Ukraine. Ngo-2009, imikhumbi-ngwenya-Ukrainian "Zaporizhia" isikebhe ususiwe ukusuka pier bese befakwa elintantayo umkhumbi ukulungisa semikhumbi.

Umsebenzi ngaphandle ekupheleni

Imisebenzi dock kwaqhubeka waze Januwari ka-2010, amabhethri isifakiwe ku umkhumbi, kwenziwe umsebenzi ukufakwa kwi inhlangano yabantwana sonar, iziteshi radar, zokuxhumana. In the state isigamu-alungisa we ngwenya iqhaza ezenzweni asolwandle "Fairway Yokuthula", owawuse-2011. Phakathi izivivinyo ku kusebenze wokutakula imisebenzi walala ezansi ngwenya.

Long ukulungisa nokuziqhenya imikhumbi Ukrainian kwaqhubeka ngo-2012 ensimini ka Russian Black Sea igceke lemikhumbi. Ingabe sithathelwe indawo ingxenye sikebhe, torpedo amashubhu, wenza ukuhlolwa kohlelo ayo, eyenziwe mdwebo umzimba kanye nezinye imisebenzi, kuhlanganise notorious amabhethri efakwe ukukhiqizwa ngesiGreki.

Hhayi konke kwahamba njengoba ngokushelela njengoba singathanda, kanye nezindaba zezimali laphazamisa impilo Ukrainian Ministry Wezokuvikela. Ngo-2014, kwaba khona icala phakathi ehhovisi design "Chernomorets" (ukukhanda inkontileka ngwenya) kanye lamasosha, lapho inkokhelo yokuqala edingekayo izakhamuzi ngenxa yemisebenzi ababeyenzile ku imali eyizigidi ezingu-3-hryvnia. Abameli unikwe esivuna Bureau, kodwa imali engakaze adlulisiwe.

Izikhungo ngaphansi ifulege Ukraine

Ngo-March 2012, umkhumbi-ngwenya "Zaporizhia" ekugcineni waqhubeka ukuqeqeshwa umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala njengengxenye Ukrainian Navy. Ngo yolwandle oluvulekile, wakwazi ukuphuma ngo-Ephreli ngawo lowo nyaka. Isamba semali kwi ukukhanda ngwenya imayelana million 60 hryvnia.

Hlola kwamanzi udluliseleke izinhlelo, sonar, izitshalo udizili, amabhethri owaqhutshelwa e-June ka-2012. Dive lokuqala ngemva yokulungiswa senzeka ngonyaka ofanayo ngoJulayi. I ngwenya wehlela periscope ukujula, okuyinto 14 amamitha. Kwakamuva ngokuhlanganyela umzimba ezempi futhi ukugujwa iqhaza mabutho Ukraine futhi Russian senzeka e Sevastopol, kuzo zombili lezi 2012.

Ngo-2013, imikhumbi-ngwenya "Zaporizhzhia" waba ngikweluleke Ungeniswa Ukrainian Navy futhi eboshelwe Bay Musketeers.

INGEMUVA kufuduka Ukraine

I état Ukuketulwa ezenzeka e-Ukraine ngo-2014, ukubeka bonke abakhileyo kuleli zwe, kuhlanganise ezempi, ubhekene nesinqumo. Othile wakwazi ukwenza ilungelo, othile namanje ku nokulindela ukuthi isimo uzobuya isiqondiso ezinengqondo, kodwa amathuba mancane. Izakhamuzi enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea ukuthatha sinqumo kwakudingeka umbani futhi akuzange kube nzima, unikezwa izinto ezenzeka ngaleso sikhathi eKiev.

Ukraine kuhlelwe ukuqala ukukhula izimoto zawo nge ukuvela ngwenya "Zaporizhia" ku arsenal. Kodwa elingaphandle inkulumo somlilo, kuba lula kakhulu kunokuba afeze izinjongo zamasu. Kushintshwe omongameli Ukrainian, izikhonzi ukuzivikela, abaholi "nezalezhnoy" ethenjisiwe eziningi amatilosi, kodwa akazange akwenze, futhi amancane kakhulu. I ngwenya "Zaporizhia" iminyaka lakhe Navy Ukraine engayitholi yokulungiswa egcwele, amatilosi bengakwazanga ukuqhuba umzimba noma ukuthatha umkhankaso kolwandle olukwazi ngwenya igagasi olwandle, iziphathimandla Ukraine akazange uhlupho ukuhlomisa ngwenya nge izikhali zanamuhla, nakuba Ithi njengoba iyunithi ukulwa.

Kuphela ngemizamo crew nezinduna ngwenya "Zaporizhia" umkhumbi we Naval Amandla Ukraine wahlala ingaziki. Ngo-March 2014 amatilosi, efana lonke lelo zwe lwaqhekeka kwaba amakamu amabili: labo uzimisele ukuhlala kule "nenki" lokho akuzange athembisa iyiphi amathemba, abanye baye banquma ukutshala ithuba futhi uhlale kule mkhakha, kodwa ngaphansi Russian flag of St Andrew.

inguqulelo Chronicle

Izingxoxo abasemkhunjini Mashi 2014 senzeka simo esishubile, izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili kuthabathela ecaleni Russian wenza iziphakamiso ukwedlulela zonke impi isiphelile ne umkhumbi phezu kuya Navy Russian. Mashi 11 amatilosi asekelwe izinduna emzini Zaporozhye, wathumela bejabule nezisebenzi ukudla.

Ngo-March 25, i-Storming Russian ephethwe wasithatha ngwenya. Amatilosi uqhekeko: ezinye amatilosi abangamaGreki enqaba ukuyeka futhi battened phansi emkhunjini, lonke wanquma aphindisele umkhumbi. Wathatha isinqumo sokuthutha yesibili nezisebenzi umkhuzi Shageev R. M. ku-ngwenya "Zaporizhia" yehlisa Ukrainian ifulege oluhle ngemikhumbi yempi, yawa elingenamikhono izingalo, zingcwecwe enegama ngaphandle komkhumbi.

Ingxenye crew, eholwa uCaptain Klochanom DV, efisa ukuhlala ekonzweni ku-Ukrainian Navy, wawushiya umkhumbi. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile induna Ukwakheka wokuqala udlulile emva ngwenya ohlangothini Russia. flag St Andrew wavuswa phezu mshini yemikhumbi Ukraine, okuyinto wawufanekisela, kodwa ukusetshenziswa esiwusizo sokuba nezinto eziqondile ngwenya njengoba iyunithi ukulwa, maye, akunakwenzeka. Ingabe wena a ukwedlulela Ukraine ngwenya "Zaporizhia" eboshelwe South Bay of Sevastopol.

Yini okulandelayo?

Mashi 29, 2014-ngwenya "Zaporizhia" yi-Black Sea Fleet kwaba isinqumo ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento ukusetshenziswa kwalo. Balaklava ekuphathweni uhlongoza umkhumbi Project 641 njengoba umbukiso we Museum iMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, ngo-July 2014, ibutho lezempi wathi ukuthi ngwenya uyonika Ukraine kuphela emva ukumisa impi yombango empumalanga.

Ngo-2015, Design Bureau "Chernomorets" ngalo eceleni Ukraine akazange kwaba nomvuzo, ukuqaqa amabhethri, futhi KB ukuphathwa uye ehlongozwayo ukusungula ngesisekelo Museum ngwenya. Ngo-2016, u-Admiral Vitko, induna Black Sea Fleet we Navy we Russian Federation, wenza isinqumo esiwujuqu sokuthi ngeke efakwe ohlwini njengengxenye ukulwa imikhumbi ngwenya "Zaporizhia".

Uphi iwuhlelo Ukraine Navy amacebo? Yena eboshelwe South Bay. I ngwenya ingaphansi kweso, afeze zokuvimbela kusebenza kanye nezindlela zokusebenza. Umusho wokugcina ku ukusetshenziswa kwaso kwenziwa isithunywa kamongameli eCrimea O. Belavenets. Ngokusho kwakhe, umkhumbi-ngwenya kungaba Museum noma umbukiso: "Kule ndaba, kubalulekile ukukhuluma Veterans. Kusenzima ngwenya eyakhelwe eSoviet Union ", - esho.