Uhlu olugcwele amazwe aseYurophu

EU (European Union) ziye zanda kakhulu kule inombolo lokugcina emashumini. Kuze ehlobo lika-2011, eWestern-European Union, le yabizwa kanjalo. Uhlu amazwe aseYurophu lisabalele, kodwa hhayi wonke amazwe kulolu hlu afakiwe e-European Union.

Isendlalelo kanye nokusungulwa kwe-European Union

Namuhla, lo mphakathi kuyafana umufi eSoviet Union, futhi kwamiswa ngo-1948 njengoba counterweight "isilo empumalanga." Yethiwa isizathu ukudalwa inhlangano entsha - hhayi ukuze ngivuselele Germany njengoba geqe obumbene, ekuvimbeleni ukuvuselelwa wobushiqela ngemva kwempi.

ingxoxo Hlukanisa ezingase zenzeke endaweni yakini on the sikhundla German esifubeni European Union: kuba esitimela ukuthi ukudansela isiginci sakhe kwi ngokwalo cishe wonke umnotho womphakathi. Umehluko neSoviet Union e-Europe, yebo, kukhona.

Lokufanako nalokwehlukile

Akukho nohlobo lwemali olulodwa. Kodwa isakhiwo sikahulumeni inomthetho ezivamile, ungasebenzisa seminikelo, emaphakathi yasebhange namasiko isikhala esisodwa. Ukuphathwa futhi lifana emnothweni lohleliwe, kokubusa umyalo nezokuphatha.

Ngokwesibonelo, phezulu avumela zonke imingcele acreage izitshalo. Kumayelana wonke amazwe European Union. Bala imiphumela ezicindezelayo ngempela.

AmaGreki phezu sultry naseningizimu evundile ukuthenga imifino Dutch futhi awunawo lokudayisa ensimini ka-European Union umkhiqizo ngokwesiko Greek - amafutha omnqumo. Czech Republic futhi saphela sikhule imifino, kodwa evusa uwoyela rapeseed okusenza ngisho udizili. namafutha amahle manje eCzech Republic cishe lapho. Kodwa ngokwenza kanjalo wandise nenzuzo kubalimi.

inqubomgomo angaphandle

It wanquma bephumelela ngaphezu yezomnotho. Uhlu amazwe aseYurophu ukuthuthukisa inqubomgomo enobunye ngalokuyincenye benezinto cishe akukho umehluko, asinakuqiniseka ukuthi, ngoba Brussels enquma ngazwi linye bani ukusithethelela, kodwa umuntu abulawe.

Kodwa eminyakeni yamuva, bonisa ezinye slippage, inhlekelele yama-umnotho wezwe owawakhiwe uhulumeni ngaphansi ngokugqamile futhi benobungane. Esinye kungaba: esempumalanga izimakethe ukulahlekelwa ngenxa unswinyo, yalahla iRussia kungadala kahle abanikazi okungenani abacebile nokucekelwa egcwele kwezomnotho.

Imithetho neyokuphatha emizimbeni

Lapha, kakhulu eziningi ukufana ne-Soviet Union: kuphela iPhalamende linesisekelo multi-party, kodwa konke okunye kukhona: i-European Commission njengoba isigungu eliholwa Usihlalo, kanye European Council siqukethe zezinhloko EU ilungu uthi. I-European Parliament uqaphe umthetho (nge Usihlalo walo), kanye uMkhandlu-European Union.

Lapha Politburo leKomiti Central we CPSU, kanye congresses party woMkhandlu Ephakeme futhi noNobhala-Jikelele samanje, ngisho usihlalo KaHulumeni! Kodwa-sisekelo kakukabi khona.

Imingcele phakathi amazwe okunemibandela, amasiko okuythunyelwe amiswe, ukuhamba mahhala zonke izakhamuzi ezisendaweni engaphansi umphakathi. Kodwa izimakethe zabasebenzi enganyelwe iziqondiso eziqinile futhi zidinga imvume kahulumeni ukuze isebenze. It luqhutshwa yiningi wonke amazwe European Community. Izivakashi kanye izimo zokuphila eYurophu yesimanje alupheli.

Uhlu amazwe aseYurophu kushintsha njalo. Okwamanje, i-Europe has 44 uthi. It siyashintsha hhayi kuphela ubukhulu kodwa futhi amagama. Metamorphosis okokugcina: eSoviet Union wanika ukubola Europe Russia, e-Ukraine, eBelarus, eMoldova, eLithuania, eLatvia, Estonia. EYugoslavia ngo kwezimo ezifanayo, nezwekazi yandile iCroatia, iSerbia neMontenegro Macedonia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Kodwa East neNtshonalanga Jalimane waba eJalimane enobunye.

Le nqubo ibizwa hhayi ubohle. Ibila, hhayi kuphela amazwe aseYurophu futhi imizi yabo dolobha, uhlu imiphumela engasi mihle inhlekelele yembulunga yonke lisabalele futhi umlomo. separatism oqinile Catalonia endaweni eyayihlala Basques (kungcono ngeSpanishi), eScotland naseNyakatho Ireland (United Kingdom kuba) ayinandaba Flanders eBelgium. Bazama ukuqaphela Kosovo isimo esihlukile (lokhu Serbia). Imingcele emazweni Europe, uma ufake inombolo amakhadi eminyakeni yamuva, uye waba kungasabonakali. Ngakho-ke, uhlu amazwe aseYurophu nezinhloko-dolobha ezifanele ngokuphelele ukuba sicabangele isikhathi.

Austria

Republic. abayizigidi ezingu-8.5 labantu. I enhlokodolobha yase-Austria - Vienna. Ulimi olusemthethweni German.

Albania

Republic. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-2.830. Inhloko-dolobha ye-Albania - Tirana. Ulimi olusemthethweni Albanian.

Andorra

Ubukhulu. isimo Bonsai European. ayizinkulungwane 700 izakhamuzi. The main edolobheni - Andorra la Vella. Ulimi olusemthethweni Catalan, kodwa empeleni kufakwa iSpanishi ne isiFulentshi.

Byelorussia

I-Republic of Belarus. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-9.5. I enhlokodolobha yase Belarus - Minsk. Izilimi ezisemthethweni Russian futhi Belarusian.

Belgium

Kingdom. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-11.2. Inhloko-dolobha yeBelgium - Brussels. Izilimi ezisemthethweni - Dutch, isiJalimane, isiFulentshi.

Bulgaria

Republic. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-7.2. Dolobha yaseBulgaria - Sofia. ulimi Administrative Bulgarian.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Confederation, umfelandawonye, i-republic. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-3.7. Inhloko-dolobha ye Bosnia and Herzegovina - eSarajevo. Izilimi ezisemthethweni Bosnian, Serbian futhi Croatian.

Vatican

ohlanga Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke, ongokwasezulwini. State umphakathi yemifino elihlobene ne-Italy. City ngaphakathi edolobheni, abantu 832. Latin, isiNtaliyane.

United Kingdom

United Kingdom, kuhlanganise Great Britain ne- Northern Ireland. ohlanga ePhalamende. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-63,4. Idolobhana eyinhloko UK - London. IsiZulu.

Hungary

republic ePhalamende. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-9,85. I-dolobha yaseHungary - Budapest. Isikhulu ulimi Hungarian.

Germany

republic Federal. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-80. Umuzi omkhulu Germany - Berlin. ulimi Administrative German.

Greece

Republic. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-11.3. Dolobha yaseGreece - Athens. Ulimi olusemthethweni - Greek.

Denmark

Kingdom. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-5.7. Inhloko-dolobha ka-Denmark - Copenhagen. Esemthethweni ulimi Danish.

Ireland

Republic. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-4.6. Inhloko-dolobha ye-Ireland - Dublin. Izilimi ezisemthethweni Irish nesiNgisi.

Iceland

republic ePhalamende. abantu 322 000. Umuzi omkhulu Iceland - Reykjavik. Esemthethweni isi-Icelandic.

Spain

Kingdom. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-47.3. Inhloko-dolobha ye-Spain - Madrid. ulimi State Spanish.

Italy

Republic. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-60,8. Zonke imigwaqo iholela eRoma Italy. Ulimi olusemthethweni Italian.

Latvia

Republic. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.9. Inhloko-dolobha ye Latvia - Riga. Ulimi olusemthethweni Latvian.

Lithuania

Republic. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-2.9. Umuzi omkhulu Lithuania - Vilnius. Ulimi olusemthethweni yaseLithuania.

Liechtenstein

Ubukhulu. Microstate elihlobene ne -Switzerland. Inani labantu base- ayizinkulungwane 37. Inhloko-dolobha ye-Liechtenstein - Vaduz. Ulimi olusemthethweni German.

Luxembourg

Grand Duchy. Abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingu-550. Inhloko-dolobha Yase-Luxembourg - Luxembourg. Esemthethweni ulimi Luxembourgish, isiFulentshi, isiJalimane.

Macedonia

Republic. Inani labantu base-2 million. Inhloko-dolobha ye-Macedonia - Skopje. Esemthethweni ulimi Macedonian.

Malta

Republic. Population 452.000. Umuzi omkhulu Malta - Valletta. Izilimi ezisemthethweni Maltese nesiNgisi.

eMoldavia

Republic. Capital - Chisinau. 3.5 million abantu. ulimi Administrative baseMoldova.

Monaco

Ubukhulu. Microstate elihlobene ne France. abantu 37.800. Ulimi olusemthethweni French.

Netherlands

Kingdom. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-16,8. Inhloko-dolobha Yase-Netherlands - Amsterdam. Izilimi ezisemthethweni zapadnofrizsky futhi Dutch.

Norway

Kingdom. Inani labantu base-abantu abayizigidi ezingu-5.1. Umuzi omkhulu Norway - Oslo. Izilimi ezisemthethweni Norwegian futhi Sami.

Poland

Republic. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-38,3. Inhloko-dolobha ka-ePoland - Warsaw. Esemthethweni lesiPolish.

Portugal

Republic. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-10,7. Inhloko-dolobha ye-Portugal - Lisbon. Izilimi ezisemthethweni isiPutukezi kanye mirandsky.

Russia

Federation. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-146,3. I enhlokodolobha yase Russia - eMoscow. Ulimi olusemthethweni isiRashiya.

Romania

republic ePhalamende. inarha ebumbeneko. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-19. Inhloko-dolobha Yase Romania - Bucharest. Administrative ulimi Romanian.

San Marino

Iningi Serene Republic. Population 32.000. San Marino Capital - San Marino. Ulimi olusemthethweni Italian.

Serbia

Republic. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-7.2. Umuzi omkhulu Serbia - Belgrade. Ulimi olusemthethweni Serbian.

Slovakia

Republic. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-5.4. I enhlokodolobha yase Slovakia - Bratislava. Slovak ulimi isimo.

Slovenia

Republic. Inani labantu base-2 million. Inhloko-dolobha ka-Slovenia - Ljubljana. Ulimi olusemthethweni Slovenian.

Ukraine

A inarha ebumbeneko, plus i-republic ePhalamende-kamongameli. Inani labantu base-kwezigidi ezingu-42. Idolobha eliyinhloko ye-Ukraine - Kiev. Ukrainian ulimi isimo.

Finland

Republic. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-5.5. Inhloko-dolobha ye Finland - Helsinki. State izilimi Finnish isiSwidi.

France

Republic. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-66,2. Idolobhana eyinhloko France - Paris. Ulimi olusemthethweni French.

Croatia

Republic. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-4.2. Capital - Zagreb. Ulimi olusemthethweni Croatian.

Montenegro

Republic. abantu 622 000. I enhlokodolobha yase Montenegro - Podgorica. Ulimi olusemthethweni Montenegro.

Czech Republic

Republic. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-10.5. Inhloko-dolobha ye-Czech Republic - ePrague. Ulimi olusemthethweni Czech.

Switzerland

Confederation. bantfu labatigidzi letingu 8. Inhloko-dolobha ye-Switzerland - Bern. Izilimi ezisemthethweni isiJalimane, isiFulentshi, isiNtaliyane, Swiss.

Sweden

Kingdom. Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-9.7. Enhloko-dolobha yaseSweden - Stockholm. Ulimi olusemthethweni Swedish.

Estonia

Republic. abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1,3. ETallinn, inhloko-dolobha - Vilnius. Ulimi isimo Estonia.

Kuze kube manje, uhlu amazwe aseYurophu kanje.