Ryazan ezibiyele, lombhishobhi isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi emzini Ryazan: incazelo, ezikhangayo, umlando ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Ngokuvamile, ezibiyele - enkabeni amandla kwamasiko nezingokomoya, endaweni eya kuyo "ukuqala" komuzi, okuyinto edonsela abantu basemadolobheni kanye nezivakashi. Ryazan iyathinteka: Ryazan ezibiyele - Cathedral isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi - ebonakalayo kusuka kunoma iyiphi isiqondiso ngisho emnyango emzini.

indaba

Ezibiyele e Pereyaslavl-Ryazan akuyona nje ingxenye endala yedolobha, kuba Museum, ingxenye ezinhlanu endala kuleli zwe - yayisekelwe Juni 15, 1884. Ephezulu egqumeni, ivikelwe emifuleni ezinhlangothini ezintathu, itholakala Ryazan Kremlin. Cathedral isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi - yomhlobiso wawo oyinhloko. Ukuvikela ke, ngohlangothi wesine amba emhosheni ogcwele amanzi ngesikhathi kukazamcolo. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, isakhiwo kwenzakala isiqhingi.

Njengawo woke amadorobha, Pereyaslavl-Ryazan kwamiswa hhayi endle. Iningi lezifiki zokuqala zifika lapha emuva Mesolithic, amaSlav uvele namakhulu eminyaka VI-VII. Ukuvundisa umhlaba, indawo prime wabeletha eziningi zokuhlala. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ukuvala edolobheni, ngokuthi Pereyaslavl-Ryazan.

I lenqaba yokuqala Yakhiwa emuva ngekhulu le-11. Yena wayengumbulali enyakatho kancane endaweni lapho yesimanje Ryazan ezibiyele, lombhishobhi isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi olubonakala isihambi esekude - manje ndawo lakhiwa ibandla uMoya oNgcwele. indawo mayelana ezimbili amahektha Kremlin-ephethwe. Le ndawo lapho namuhla esontweni, senzelwe kwemibhoshongo kwesikhulu.

Kanye ukukhula edolobheni kwakhulisa ezibiyele, kuya kweleshumi yeshumi nambili matasa lonke ezibiyele egqumeni. Esakhiwe imibhoshongo ezintsha kanye izindonga, endaweni ongenawo Ukuvikelwa wemvelo, lakhiwa umgodi futhi umsele owomile.

Kungenzeka, edolobheni babeyohlala omunye abaningi nanamuhla uma kungekhona ukuthi ngenxa izenzakalo 1236. Kwakukhona umkhankaso elimazayo Batu e umuzi omkhulu Ryazan ubukhulu - Ryazan. City futhi ayikwazanga alulame, ngakho ngo-1285 kwesitulo Episcopal washukumiseleka ngokungenaphutha Pereyaslavl-Ryazan. Maphakathi nekhulu le-16, Pereyaslavl ethule yaba inhloko-dolobha ubukhulu.

Ngemva kwalezi zinguquko, omuzi aqala ukukhula ngokushesha. Ryazan ezibiyele, umlando, amasiko kanye namasiko awo kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka eminyaka kunamanye izindawo eziningi ezifanayo, uye futhi yashintshwa. Ngekhulu le-15 a stockade ezinezivikelo eziqinile, bese eceleni kwakhe kuyinto yezitolo, Upper namadlelo Lower. Kakade emva kwabo owelula zokuhlala eziningi.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, idolobha nabakhi abamenyiwe yingcweti wokwakha, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi baqala ukuvela kusuka esakhiweni itshe. Kristu Cathedral laliwukuphela kwesakhiwo lokuqala elakhiwa izitini - lena ukwakhiwa yesimanje Ryazan ezibiyele eminingi yasendulo. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi chancel senziwe inqubo ezimhlophe itshe wokwakha ngisho ngekhulu le-15. Ushintsho emakhulwini eminyaka alandela washintsha ngokuphelele ukubukeka sesonto. Walandelwa esikhundleni igama - ekuqaleni ngokuthi kweNyuka.

Ezibiyele inqaba izindonga ezungezwe egcekeni Chamber, wesifundazwe luka-Archbishop, le Diocesan Office. Bona Bahlala onezitebele, workshop Cooper, solodovarnyami, emafektri, Mills. Endaweni lapho okuhlatshelwa khona namuhla itholakala umbhoshongo lombhishobhi, ezikhathini zangaphambili kwaba Glebovskaya umbhoshongo elakhelene ejele edolobheni, Order of amacala umphenyi, gunsmith.

Kuyamangalisa ukuthi enqabeni yokuqala ongase zezindela ezintathu: Epiphany zabesifazane, uMsindisi amadoda kanye Dukhovskoy. Ngaphezu kwalokho, endaweni babe amasonto ayisishiyagalolunye, izitolo zokudla, ngamamitha angamakhulu amabili, amangcwaba ezintathu. Esikhathini lwasempumalanga kuze kube ezibiyele adjoined Ukuthenga Posad, kuyilapho ngasentshonalanga atholiwe Emaphethelweni Ukudoba kanye ne-port kwezohwebo. Kutholwe azungeze izihlahla zezithelo - entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi izimbali, imibukiso kwakumane omangalisayo!

Ngekhulu le-18 izakhiwo eziyinhloko ayelungele. Balondekile futhi kuze kube namuhla: isakhiwo Consistorial, Epiphany Church, Choral Corps. Ngesikhathi esifanayo waqala ukunwetshwa Bishops 'Izingxoxo.

Eminyakeni 1684 yayakhiwe Cathedral of kweNyuka, njengoba inani lamakholwa Udlule umthamo lombhishobhi ubudala. Ngu 1692 lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda cishe siphelile, kodwa ungalungiseki kwenzeka: isakhiwo sonke ngiyaquleka. Ngenyanga kaMasingana ngonyaka ozayo ukuqala imisebenzi emisha, okuholela ilandelana etholwe Ya. G. Buhvostovym. Ngu 1699 isakhiwo seliphelile.

Nge emabhilidini agugile enkabeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-17 lo muzi ayebiyelwe, kodwa emva maphakathi nekhulu, isidingo izinqaba wanyamalala, kusukela imingcele yezwe landiswa kakhulu.

Ngo 1789 kwanqunywa ukuchibiyela Ryazan ezibiyele: Cathedral isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi esikhundleni Glebov umbhoshongo. ukwakhiwa kwalo kwenziwa kuze 1840. Kule nqubo wathatha ezine iqhaza abaklami: Voronikhin, isiRashiya, Vorotilov kanye nephimbo. Ngokumangalisayo, eziningi abaphathi abazange bayeke ukuba babe isibonelo esihle kunazo zonke belfry classical, eshaya ngokuvumelana. Cathedral isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi, Ryazan ezibiyele, umlando elisemandleni mists isikhathi, kungaba uyaziqhenya "Ukujwayelana" nge ubuso edume kakhulu izikhathi ezahlukene.

zokungcebeleka

Cathedral of kweNyuka, Glebovskiy Bridge, uMoya oyiNgcwele isonto, isonto lombhishobhi isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi - Ryazan ezibiyele ugcwele izindawo esiphezulu, ngakho Ukuvakashela le ndawo kuyoba mnandi kakhulu.

Zonke izakhiwo zitholakala ubumbene ngokwanele, ngakho akukungakanani bedinga ukuya khona. Khumbula ukuthi lapho ke uyithempeli futhi manje, sokuhambela kwabo liyadingeka ukugqoka ngokufanelekayo.

Cathedral isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi

Cathedral isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi, umlando ukwakhiwa zazo uyakufanelekela indaba ehlukile - isakhiwo emangalisa ngempela nenhle. Ukwakhiwa ukuphakama - 86 metres, phezu Spire ukufakwa 25 amamitha. Ukuzihlolisisa ngokucophelela umbhoshongo insimbi izivakashi kuba izinguquko kubonakala izakhiwo zeminyaka ukwakhiwa yayo.

Ukwakhiwa isihlanganisi Esokuqala sasithatha kusuka 1789 kuya 1797. Umakhi zalesi sigaba kuyinto VA Vorotilov. Isigaba sesibili lakhiwa 1816 - kwaba inhloko yabangamashumi JF Russian. On ezingeni lesithathu, futhi kufika embhoshongweni lwakhiwe N. I. Voronihin usebenzisa Ithoni phrojekthi.

Okuxakayo nje ngakho konke, akukho umuzwa jumble yesitayela. Kulesakhiwo organically kakhulu angena eqenjini lomculo ezizungezile. Cathedral isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi - isikhumbuzo bokwakha, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba sazise siphinde kwezinye izindawo ezithakazelisayo, njengoba uqimba lwesithathu ifakwe platform wokubuka, alinikela ukubukwa emangalisa we ezibiyele, idolobha nezindawo ezizungezile.

Glebovskiy kwebhuloho

Ukuze ibe ezibiyele, kubalulekile ukuba akwazi ukunqoba izingqinamba umsele. Namuhla kulula kakhulu ukukwenza - kwebhuloho, ngokuthi Glebovskiy kuholela yonkana umsele. Ngo kwindlela kungabonwa namuhla, liye ikhona kusukela ngekhulu le-18. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, ibhuloho okuholela ezibiyele, senziwa ngokhuni.

Church of the isimo

Akukona nje kuphela umbhoshongo isikhencezo Cathedral of the Ryazan ezibiyele uyazi lonke lelo zwe - Church of the isimo ku-Yar eyaziwa lokungekho ngephansi. Wakha-ke ngo-1695. Lena ethempelini nenhle kakhulu, anikezwa sekugcineni izinyanda olukhethekile amakholomu ezinhlangothini ezahlukene.

Church of the uMoya oNgcwele

Worth ngokuvakashela hhayi kuphela umbhoshongo lombhishobhi insimbi Kremlin. Kokubona yenza uhlu pretty umxhwele zonke nto okuyinto emfanele luhlolo. Ngokwesibonelo, iSonto uMoya oNgcwele lusekelwe onqenqemeni eweni ngenhla komfula Trubezh. Vasily Kharitonov, Zubov wasiphakamisa wokwakha 1642. Umbusi Soligalich wakwazi ukwakha isibonelo ezingavamile dvuhshatrovogo ethempelini, nge bamabululu ezimbili. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. ibandla exhunywe Refectory futhi belfry yokwakha kabusha kwenziwe 1864. Kwathengwa isakhiwo esiyisitezi okungewakho umtapo Museum namuhla.

ibandla labaseTheselonika Epiphany

Superb Epiphany Church lakhiwa 1647. Kutholwe phakathi isimo uMsindisi futhi kweNyuka Cathedral. Lokhu kuvakashe ummeleli wendlunkulu ekuseni eMoscow baraque uyithempeli emihlanu oluyingungu nge pillarless hipped isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi futhi Refectory. Ngekhulu le-18 umfanekiso isonto liye ingasebenza modified.

Assumption Cathedral

Lesi sakhiwo omkhulukazi abakwazi kodwa isigqoko. Kusuka kuphi ezibiyele ungabona Cathedral. Ubukhulu bayo - 1600 izikwele ukuphakama -. 72 m Okungokwakhe isitayela Naryshinsky Baroque, lapho nomele ngobukhulu.

Lesi sakhiwo isakhiwo ngempela yendabuko - shestistolpny ethempelini emihlanu oluyingungu. Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yobukhulu balo engavamile angabhekwa ezintsha. Ekuqaleni, izindonga abangu ehlotshiswe gables ngezinhlungu, kodwa baphindiselwa emuva kwesikhathi wehliswa futhi esikhundleni enophahla hipped. Portal futhi architraves ehlotshiswe itshe elimhlophe ezibaziweyo amaphethini on isihloko izitshalo, okuyinto Kwakuseshwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa Bukhvostova.

St esiGungwini isinqumo ngo-1800 ahlukanisa lombhishobhi, kodwa izakhamuzi bakwazi ukuvikela umhlobiso edolobheni. Umakhi, omenye-dolobha, Kuthiwa ithempeli ngeke ibuyiselwe. Abaxhasi zokubuyisela baba abahwebi abacebile komuzi - sibonga nabo 1804, ngemva umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo ephelele, leli sonto ngayingcwelisa futhi.

igalari

Ukucabangela, amasonto Arkhangel'skii exhunywe kwi Palace Oleg Igalari. Le ndawo ivelele phakathi kokufana exhumanisa izakhiwo engaphezu kwemibili. Nge Igalari ukubukwa obumangalisayo.

Cathedral of Ingelosi Eyinhloko

Kuyinto elinye lamasonto kakhulu zasendulo Kremlin. Wakha e 15-17 eminyaka. Ekuqaleni kwadingeka njengoba ethuneni endlini isonto omkhaya kwesikhulu kanye nababhishobhi Ryazan. Omunye izibalo zenkolo edume kakhulu isikhathi kaPetru - Stefan Jaworski - amanga ngokunembile lapha.

ukucula Corps

Ukuba igalari, isihambi engena egcekeni, ezakhiwe izakhiwo eziningana okuyinto. Straight phambili itholakala Choral isakhiwo - ifa yezakhiwo kwekhulu le-17. Namuhla, ezindongeni igobolondo welula Museum ethnographic.

Dvorets Olega

Lena isakhiwo esikhulu kunazo zonke ezibiyele, okuqondene emphakathini. Lesi sakhiwo esihle, i lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo eminyaka 17-18th. Area - ayizinkulungwane 2,5 metres square. Ngo esitezi sesibili iyona Church of Ioanna Predtechi. Iphansi ezimbili aphansi elakhiwa ngo 1651-1655 GG. Yury Yershov, ebhekisela ekuseni Baroque. Eminyakeni engamashumi amane kamuva, ngosizo Gregory Mazurina lavuselelwa nebandla eyakhelwe esitezi sesithathu - le ngxenye yasungulwa ngo isitayela Baroque. Ngisho Ngemva kweminyaka engaba yikhulu senziwa isandiso ohlangothini olusempumalanga ku Petrine Baroque. Ubude lakhuphuka lafika ku-94 metres.

Namuhla Dvorets Olega - emnyuziyamu-reserve, lingelikaJehova engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye Ryazan besifunda-bhishobhi.

ezokuvakasha

Cathedral isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi, Ryazan ezibiyele, Cathedral of kweNyuka - okuthile ukufika izixuku Ryazan. Uhambo kuvunyelwe ku ensimini ezibiyele nsuku zonke ngaphandle ngeMisombuluko. Ebusika, ivulwa amahora 10 kuya 18, ehlobo - kusuka 11 kuya 19 Bonke abafisa uvakashele namanje empeleni izikhumbuzo kufanele ihambisane isitayela Kunconywa zokugqoka, ikakhulukazi abesifazane.