Strasbourg Cathedral France: i Uhlolojikelele, incazelo, umlando kanye namaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Goethe walibiza ngokuthi "isihlahla sikaNkulunkulu," futhi Viktor Gyugo - ". Giant isimangaliso ngomusa" Zonke lezi epithets olusankondlo ukuchaza Cathedral eStrasbourg - komngcele waseJalimane, France edolobheni. Emakhulwini amabili eminyaka lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda kwezihlahla ezinde kunazo zonke emhlabeni. I Spire lombhishobhi bubonakala kakhulu ngaphandle kwe Strasbourg. ngalé kwalo ngokumelene ngasekupheleni ntambama esibhakabhakeni aleyuschego iyisici esibonisa edolobheni. I Spire iyabonakala ngisho kusukela kolunye uhlangothi Rhine, okuyinto wakha umngcele yesimanje. Ngakho-ke, eStrasbourg Cathedral eJalimane cabanga yabo (ikhumbula umlando Alsace kanye Lorraine). Lelibandla mkhulu ngokubabazekayo nenhle ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngisho nangekhulu lokuqala lwamashumi amabili nanye, ngenkathi namabhilidi, Notre Dame, eStrasbourg, zibalwa lesithupha emhlabeni ngokuya ukuphakama ethempelini. Futhi kugcina abaholayo njengabafundisi isakhiwo ngobukhulu kuleli dwala esifushane like sandstone. Asithathe uhambo olubonakalayo Kulelibandla Gothic esiyingqayizivele.

Kanjani ukuze uthole Strasbourg Cathedral

Thola lokhu ukwakhiwa kulula - the 142 imitha imibhoshongo ephakeme kuyinto ubonakale kude. Kodwa maphakathi Strasbourg, eyakhelwe isiqhingi sizungezwe emfuleni Ile. Okuwugqinsi izakhiwo nengxenye-izingodo nge elengayo balcony kanye imigwaqo ewumngcingo medieval Ukubuyekeza eduze. Kukhona ezikhangayo eziningi kangaka ezithakazelisayo ukuthi uvumelane futhi akhohlwe lapho ukuza. kungazelelwe Strasbourg Cathedral livela yonke inkazimulo yayo ngasemnyango emincane mgwaqo Mercier. It kungenziwa esafinyelelwa kokuwela ibhuloho e-Vieux Marche aux Poisson (eduze Historical Museum). Kusukela leli phuzu futhi ihlumela. Uma sondelani lapha, kuphela izingcezwana we mbumbulu zingaqoshwa, kodwa hhayi elikhulu-handsome lilonke. By the way, ezitaladini kwesokudla ohlangothini Mercier kuyinto endlini lasendulo isigamu-izingodo Kammerzell (xv isenti.), Ehlotshiswe ukubaza ngokhuni - manje kukhona ezinkulu isipho esitolo.

Cathedral Strasbourg: Umlando

Modern Alsace kanye wawuyingxenye enkulu yoMbuso WaseRoma. Ngakho-ke akukho lutho isimanga yokuthi enhliziyweni komnikazi gallic Argentoratum owayemi ithempeli lamaqaba. Esikhathini eside kamuva, eStrasbourg wathola igama layo lamanje futhi lisuselwa emagameni amabili German "Strasse '- komgwaqo futhi" Burg "- inqaba noma umzana onezivikelo eziqinile. Lapho UbuKristu baba benkolo ephezulu, sethempeli lamaqaba labhujiswa, futhi waqala ukwakha esontweni endaweni yayo. Mayelana senkulungwane labantu "Amadolobha endleleni" lenyuka ukuze kwaphakama isidingo e Cathedral. Itshe lokuqala owabeka isandla ekwakhiweni Bishop Verner Gabsburgsky e 1015. Yiqiniso, kwi abavamile-ke kwaba lombhishobhi ejwayelekile Romanesque. Umlilo e 1176 wabhubhisa ophahleni sokhuni izitezi. Ngakho-ke, kwanqunywa ukuba kwakhiwe lombhishobhi itshe. It walethwa esuka ezintabeni eziseduze - Vosges. Sandstone has amazing impahla kukhanye pink ekushoneni kwelanga noma kwelanga.

Strasbourg Cathedral (France) kanye nokulwela Episcopal

Ekhulwini nantathu kwaba fashion Gothic. emadolobheni Western Europe ligcwaliswe bodwa ezokwakhela aphakeme, indlu ezinkulu futhi ezinhle kakhulu zikaNkulunkulu. Umbhishobhi Strasbourg abangu kuhlukumeza azithele ngabandayo Basel, Ulm futhi Cologne osebenza nabo. Ngakho-ke, yena engawayekanga imali ukubhala imfashini kakhulu (futhi ikhokhelwe kakhulu) abaklami ukwakha lombhishobhi yakhe. Yiqiniso, akazange ulinde ekupheleni umsebenzi wabona ekudalweni omangalisayo. Ngemva kokufa umbhishobhi ikhokhwe kwezakhiwo zikamasipala - abameleli izigebengu nezakhamuzi nje. Futhi ngakho-ke kwenzeka ukuthi inthanethi asempumalanga naseningizimu, kanye ekwayeni lwenziwa isitayela Romanesque, futhi engxenyeni esentshonalanga esisenyakatho - Gothic. By the way, plan Kucatshangwa ukwakhiwa olulodwa yayo, eningizimu, Spire. Kodwa kuye, idolobha akabanga nesikhathi esanele. umklamo Asymmetric futhi kwenza kube eyingqayizivele. Imitha-142-okusezingeni eliphezulu esisenyakatho yaqedwa kuphela 1439.

Western olungaphambili lwesonto

Hhayi ngokushesha ukuya ngaphakathi. Kungokufanayo isiko zonke izivakashi kuyinto uhambo unhurried futhi ukubacabangela isakhiwo ngokubabazekayo. Strasbourg Cathedral France idume olungaphambili lwesonto yayo entshonalanga. Lena ngobuciko High Gothic kweqiniso. Omunye abaklami kwaba Erwin von Steinbach. Kanti yena 1284 futhi ngaqala ukuba nenhliziyo olungaphambili lwesonto entshonalanga, nezinkulungwane ukubaza nenhle iwindi-rosette. Lapho imali ukuze kwakhiwe kwakunganele, umakhi uye wathengisa ihhashi lakhe futhi wanikela lemali edingekile. Ekhulwini lweshumi nane kwaba nomklami oyinhloko Ulrich von Ensingen, ungumdali lombhishobhi Ulm. Umdlali odumile North Tower eyaqedwa Johann Hulttsem - Cologne okuyinhloko. Izinkulungwane izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu itshe nemihlobiso ukuthi kuhlobisa olungaphambili lwesonto entshonalanga Strasbourg Cathedral, kufakwe zonke izincwadi ku Gothic ephakathi. Wonderful ingilazi ibala kungcono ukubheka ngaphakathi. Kubo mashumi neMpi Yezwe, amaNazi ethathe, kodwa kamuva uhulumeni German wabuya kubo kanye tapestries yebiwa bese imidwebo.

Olungaphambili lwesonto eningizimu unqamule

I Strasbourg lombhishobhi zezitsha ukundlula ngokuphelele. Idonsa abanaki kuphela Spire ubude kanye eziqoshiwe ngokucebile ezihlotshisiwe olungaphambili lwesonto entshonalanga. Unqamule Wik okokufaka futhi ethakazelisa kakhulu. It lihlotshiswe kungekho iqembu kancane odumile sculptural "ISonto kanye Isinagoge." Ngesikhathi impi yenkolo ngokumelene Albigenses le ndaba uchazwe kabusha njengoba LamaRoma Sopapa nilwe ezinkolelweni zobuKristu ophikisana nenqubo kahulumeni. Gargoyles, abasebenzi imvula emiseleni, kungabi sengathi sithi: ". Ngaphandle iSonto LamaKatolika ayikho insindiso" Olungaphambili lwesonto Gothic ku portal kathathu yokungena main, sibona yesigameko yokukhulekela izazi. Kukhona ebaziwe abaprofethi iTestamente Elidala kanye okusha Yabafel 'Ukholo. Engokomfanekiso izibalo zibonisa isono nobuhle.

ingaphakathi ezikhangayo

Manje hamba ngaphakathi lombhishobhi, ikakhulukazi kusukela emnyango imahhala. Strasbourg Cathedral uyaqhubeka ukwenza imisebenzi yaso lethempeli ekhona, ngakho ngesikhathi emnyango inkonzo ingeyabasebenzisi izivakashi. Yesontfweni lihlotshiswe kungekho zikanokusho esingaphansi ngaphandle. Okuhle ukuza lapha uma libalele - ke ibala amafasitela ahlotshiswe ngokweqile bheka umxhwele ngokukhethekile. Yini ungalahlekelwa sesonto Strasbourg? Lokhu font yobhapathizo ezidalwe Maphakathi nekhulu le-wetshumi lanhlanu yi umqophi Dottsingerom. Nakani tapestries, imidwebo izindikimba zenkolo, isitho lasendulo. Kakhulu epulpiti enhle ehlotshiswe eziqoshiwe eziningi okuqondene umsiki Hans Hammer. Namanje kubalulekile ukubheka kumkhawulo St Lawrence futhi ubone isithombe Nikolya Redera (ku transept enyakatho).

umbhoshongo

Qiniseka ukuthi ukukhuphuka Spire, okuyinto amaHubo bugcizelelwa le Strasbourg Cathedral. Strasbourg yesikhulumi observation - shazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase ucabangele ezinye izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu kanye gargoyles eduze. Uma kunzima ukukhwela ezitebhisini ewumngcingo Kuvunguza, khumbula: lezi izigaba wakunqoba Goethe futhi Stendhal. Futhi yokugcina wenza kanjalo nsuku zonke, aze wafunda e-University of eStrasbourg. Ngakho-ke wakhuluma zelashwe yokwesaba wokukhulekela izindawo eziphakeme. Lokhu Spire kuze ngekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili (ngenkathi akuphelelanga Cologne Cathedral) wahlala isakhiwo eliphezulu kakhulu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngesikhathi le French Revolution abhubhise umbhoshongo insimbi. Kusolakala, yena angabekwa isimiso ukulingana. Kodwa izakhamuzi zendawo aye ahlobisa wakhe cap Phrygian (uphawu inkululeko), kanye ukushuba Abavukeli ngemibono yathathwa. Ukungena kuya embhoshongweni ikhokhwe 4.5 euro omdala kanye 2.5 - izingane nabafundi.

iwashi lomkhathi

Uma uthenga ithikithi North Tower, ungavakashela igalari bese uya uqimba engenhla lonke isonto lombhishobhi. Lokhu kuyokunika ithuba eliyingqayizivele sihlolisise futhi enhle enziwe rosette Gothic. Kodwa ethempelini, kukhona elinye ukuthatheka ikhokhwe kwezivakashi. Lokhu iwashi lomkhathi ElaseStrasbourg Cathedral. I elinesisindo lwesithathu yathuthukiswa futhi ifakwe 1832. Phambi kwakhe washi lomkhathi imisebenzi wakhonza ngokwethembeka emzini 1574. Washi wokuqala ubizwa 1353 Kuyini ezithakazelisayo ngakho ukubukela Strasbourg Cathedral? indlela Inxanxathela ikhombisa omise Zomhlaba NENYANGA, kanye zonke ezaziwayo ngesikhathi amaplanethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-New Year ebusuku iwashi kwenza kwaba nombhikisho ephelele futhi ubonise ngosuku lapho pripadaet "ezintantayo" ngamaholide iSonto (Easter, Ascension, iPentekoste). indlela Gear, okuyinto uzungeza kancane kakhulu, inesibopho sokunquma-eksisi precession eMhlabeni. Kuzokwenza ukujika egcwele (ngaphandle-ke, bayosinda elinesisindo) iminyaka engamashumi amabili nanhlanu namakhulu ayisishiyagalombili neshumi.

imicimbi

Strasbourg Cathedral ubelokhu wadlala indima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwama-edolobheni. Lapha, akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi izimfundiso. NgamaSonto, ekuseni, sesonto, ungakwazi ulalele Gregorian Chapel. Isikhathi esining impela lapho ihlelwe isitho amakhonsathi, okwakuhilela ubudala, insimbi ezihlotshisiwe. ezinhle Ikakhulukazi ukuza Strasbourg ehlobo. Okokuqala, isimo sezulu kunikela izizinda futhi ukubhukuda siphume kuso iziteshi esikebheni. nabo zazitholakala e nenkathi ebandayo, kodwa phezulu kubo ngezinkomishi ezinamekwe ngomthofu. Njengoba ibhonasi, izivakashi ehlobo ungabona emehlweni enhle. Njalo kusihlwa kwi square ihlelwe amakhonsathi ahlukahlukene phambi sesonto. Baningi spotlight ikhanyisa izindonga isakhiwo omangalisayo umculo, kungani kubonakala sengathi esifanekisweni yaqhuma phezu mbumbulu.

Umuzi nezinto zalo ezikhangayo

Strasbourg Cathedral uhlobo evelele. Kodwa izivakashi komuzi kungukuthi isiphelile. Yiqiniso, ukuze uqale ajwayelane Strasbourg kumelwe abe kanye nendlu yayo yesonto. Izibuyekezo Ikakhulukazi Kunconywa musa lazy futhi ukhuphuka umbhoshongo. Lokhu kuyokunika kuvumelana kwetinhlavu indawo edolobheni, okusho ukuthi ungakha umzila hambo olwengeziwe. Udinga uvakashele Palace uMbhishobhi sika, ikota "Petite France" Alsace Museum. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi itholakala Strasbourg kanye iNkantolo YaseYurophu Yamalungelo Abantu. Akukhona isakhiwo entsha enkabeni yedolobha, futhi kungcono bangene tram. Uphenyo zivakashi sinconywa, kungakhathaliseki inkathi, ukuvakasha isikebhe ride ngokusebenzisa imigudu emfuleni Ile nge kuphuma zabo eziningi.