Sheremetyevsky esigodlweni nobuhle bayo (isithombe)

Ngo-1703, uPeter Omkhulu eyasungulwa Petersburg. yiminyaka emakhulu asithoba kuphela ubudala, waba inhloko-dolobha yezwe. Umuzi eyinhloko yezwe ne kokuzibandakanya ka abavikela yawo iyaqala ukonakala ngenkuthalo ugcwale futhi ukuhlomisa nge zesimanje. Omunye wabantu bokuqala phezu amabhange iNeva wathutha isihlobo yenkosi Earl Field Marshal Boris Petrovich Sheremetev. Kuye ukuze kwakhiwe ifa lot №34 phezu Fontanka yashayisa unqenqema.

Izakhiwo zokuqala kwetshe izindlu

Uzungu ivuliwe uhlangothi yanciphisa emfuleni Fontanka, ngakolunye - Foundry Avenue. Ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwegama abajwayelekile Ukubala nomndeni wakhe, kumi Millionnaya emgwaqweni. Kusayithi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, indlu yamapulangwe nehhovisi iphiko. Manor okusha wayemiselwe ukuba babe Sheremetievs isidleke umndeni. Ngesikhathi siza sokhuni indlu storey esigodlweni itshe yakhiwa kuleli 1730s. Eminyakeni 1750-1755 yakhiwe le isitezi saleso sakhiwo, okuyinto waziphatha ukuklama SI Chevakinsky futhi FS Argunov yesibili.

Manor ngesikhathi uPetre Borisoviche

Umnikazi izindlu ayeyinzalo ka Boris Petrovich ngokuqondene nokufa ngokungalindelekile kwesihlobo umkakhe nendodakazi e 1768 bakhe banquma ukuthuthela eMoscow. Ngesikhathi elapho, iqala ukuthuthukiswa kwefa. KuLo wayezuze kumkakhe. Kamuva, lapho indodana yakhe ngokugcwele ligcwaliswe Sheremetyev Sigodlo ekhatsi Ostankino. Yena, kanye North, ingenye izigodi yokhokho, futhi ukungabi khona umnikazi aqashiwe ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi uyaqhubeka kabusha.

Sokuthuthwa kwempahla ubuciko waseshashalazini ku izindlu

Umnikazi esilandelayo ifa Petersburg iba indodana uPetru UNikolai Borisovich. Okokuqala, umnikazi omusha wakhetha ukuhlala e Moscow, akuvamile ngokuvakashela izinto zabo enyakatho. Nokho, ngo-1796 wathuthela Petersburg. Ngaphansi kokuqondisa kweNdikimba wezakhiwo I. E. Starova iqala izinga abalulekile emaqaqasini indlu phezu Fontanka. UNikolai Petrovich kwaba a fan of big yaseshashalazini. Yaseshashalazini, abalingisi, ke kwakuhlelwa esigodlweni lapho wawusebenza njengenqaba. Waze wanikela inkululeko yakhe, futhi 1801, washada abadlali bayo, Kovalevoy Praskove Ivanovne. Phakathi nesikhathi sokubusa ukuhlelwa kabusha yakhe Manor wahlanganyela Quarenghi futhi Voronikhin. On endaweni izindlu Sebevukile Garden inkundla kanye nendlu yasehlobo nendlu ukuthutha.

"Ukuze siphile ngoba Sheremetyevsky akhawunti"

Ngemva kokufa UNikolai Petrovich e 1809, ifa wadlulela indodana yakhe Dmitry, ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka eyisithupha kuphela ubudala. Idala ibhodi Labaphathiswa eliholwa induna umnakekeli MI donaurov. Uqhubeka ukuhlelwa kabusha esebenzayo: ku-yalolucwaningo 1810-20 avele Kumile, Fountain, amaphiko esibhedlela nokuhlabelela. Ababhali yephrojekthi kuyizinto H. Meier no D. Kvardi. Lapho Dmitrii Nikolaeviche, owakhonza Cavalry Regiment, izivakashi njalo esigodlweni kukhona nozakwethu yomnikazi, kukhona inkulumo ethi "ukuphila akhawunti Sheremetyevsky". Kukhona ngokuvamile umculi Kiprensky Pushkin. Ngo-1837 ukubala ukuze uzobopha elikasofasilahlane ne maid of behlonipha iNdlovukazi casula Sergeevnoy. Kule umshado ngo-1844, indodana, uSergei. Ngo-1838, ubuphansi kukhona ucingo sensimbi nge esangweni ehlotshiswe liwuphawu Ibala Sheremetev. Ukuhlela ukwakheka J. D. Corsini, owayesebenza engamashumi amabili esikhathini izindlu, ngokuphelele ihlelwe kabusha zonke izakhiwo esigodlweni. Esikhathini 1840s, insimu yayo kukhona engadini iphiko. izindlu Ngokusobala isibe ngenye yezindawo bavakashela kakhulu yenhloko-dolobha. It elibamba kusihlwa zomculo ukuthi kuhlobisa ukusebenza kwabo Glinka, Berlioz, Liszt, Schubert. Okokuqala Dmitry Nikolayevich womshado efa kusukela okunoshevu 1849. Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, ngo-1859, washada okwesibili. Ukukhanya livela indodana ka-Alexander. By Sheremetev Palace 1867 ke ungeze iphiko North. Umbhali yephrojekthi - N. L. benua.

Sergey futhi umbono wakhe izindlu

Ngo-1871, Graf Dmitriy Nikolaevich uyafa. Ngenxa yalokho we ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla Sheremetievskiy Palace uthola i ifa Sergey Dmitrievich. Ngo 1874, ubuphansi kukhona amasha wokwakha ezinhlanu storey (wezakhiwo AK Serebryakov). On the ingxenye Foundry lemininingwane eyakhelwe efulethini izindlu, ngaphambili ingxenye ku Fontanka - 34 abasele zinjalo. Ukuqala zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili, ligcinwe ngaphansi uphawu ekubhujisweni. Labhujiswa sivale indlela engena emgedeni, Hermitage, Garden Gate, I Orangery, Gazebo Chinese. Arenas futhi ezitebeleni akhiwa kabusha ku Theatre Hall - manje Drama Theatre ku Foundry. Kubonakala ngo-1914 esinezitezi ezimbili emadokodweni commercial (wezakhiwo M. Krasovsky).

Kwaba emva kwempi

Ngo kwaba ngemva kwezikhathi zokulotshwa wamavukelambuso Sheremetievskiy Palace yanikwa Sergey Dmitrievich anawo lo hulumeni omusha ngesikhathi. Kokunye amaphiko ayo ukusuka maphakathi 1924 kuze 1952 ayephila A. A. Ahmatova. Ingxenye esemqoka isakhiwo ziye lwenziwe kabusha. Kuze 1931, Museum wawusegunjini lapha. Sheremetev Palace ngo-1984, wathola Research Institute e-Arctic nase-Antarctic. Ngenxa ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kanye nokunakekela Interiors we amahholo elahlekile bemibuso nobuhle, futhi ezinye izindlu babé emafulethini yokuhlala. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 kancane kancane zaqala ukushintsha isimo sengqondo ukuze igama. Sheremetev Palace has sokubuyiselwa zabhekana. Injongo eyinhloko yale sehlakalo lokuphinda umoya ngekhulu XVIII. Lo mbukiso wokuqala kule Sheremetev Palace yethulwa ziphephile omndeni nabanikazi izindlu. Phakathi kwabo kukhona imiklamo eziyingqayizivele ngokuphelele. Lapha iqoqo imidwebo kanye art izinto, zomculo. Indlu phezu Fontanka, 34 ngokwesiko elibamba amakhonsathi nezobuciko nokucacisa. Kusukela ngo-1989, wasebenza njengendlela tetemibhalo-yesikhumbuzo Museum A. A. Ahmatovoy. It ukusungulwa egumbini umsebenzi wezinkondlo. Wethulwa emphakathini izincwadi zalo, izithombe kanye izimpahla. Ngo-2006, ku-platform e-Sheremetyev Palace, isikhumbuzo A. A. Ahmatovoy. Lomlomo waso waba yaqondaniswa nomkhosi wokuhlanganisa iminyaka engu wamashumi amane wokuphuma ukufa imbongi.

Enikeza Sheremetievskiy Palace?

Umculo Museum, etholakala endlini Manor enalo vaults yayo ukuqoqwa okukhulu amathuluzi Antique. It is njengelinye lamazwe best emhlabeni. Iqoqo lihlanganisa amathuluzi esiyingqayizivele adalwe amakhosi Russian kanye zaseYurophu we 16th - nele-18, okuqondene Romanov lwamakhosi, kanye zezinhlobo esiyingqayizivele ezivela emhlabeni wonke, okuyinto abanalo analogue. Futhi e kulo mnyuziyamu izinsimbi Russian futhi amakhophi ukusungulwa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene Antique. Vakashela Museum kungaba ngaphakathi kohlaka hambo nsuku zonke elaliqhutshwa lapho. Izihloko bona zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo kohlaka ukuvakasha "Sheremetiev" ungafunda okuningi mayelana igama umdali, ukuphila kwabo futhi ikusasa. Zikhona nezinye izinhlelo. Ngokwesibonelo, "Fountain House. Lesi sigodlo futhi ifa." Lolu hambo lunikezelwe esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo of bezindlu futhi indalo yayo. Phakathi nohlaka yayo, ungafunda eziningi ezithakazelisayo ukuphila esigodlweni, isibonelo, omunye ebezilokhu imidwebo F. B. Rastrelli zasetshenziswa design yendlu. Noma kunjalo, iningi izinkambo ezazenzeka Sheremetev Palace, enikelwe umculo: "Ukuvela ikhibhodi amathuluzi", "Umoya Instruments - Folk and professional", "amagama Ezivelele ukuqoqwa zomculo" nabanye.

Manor namuhla

Sheremetev Palace, kwaba ukuziqhenya kwezizukulwane ezinhlanu wabanikazi bayo, esidlekeni sazo umndeni. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka ambalwa, omunye wabanikazi sokugcina nokwandisa umndeni impahla. Izinto zobuciko, yobuciko, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu Antique, amaqoqo numismatic futhi yezikhali, umtapo ocebile - lokhu akulona uhlu oluphelele yini abanikazi ziye ephethwe ifa kuze 1917. Sheremetev Palace, isithombe okuyinto ethulwa ngenhla ukuthi emakhulwini amaningana eminyaka waba indawo yemihlangano bokusungula. Namuhla, yena hhayi ilahlekelwe ubukhulu yayo yangaphambili, futhi uyaqhubeka ukuheha izigidi zabantu.