Izikhangibavakashi Nesvizh: incazelo kanye nokubuyekeza

Kungakhathaliseki kungase kusho, futhi ukhetho iphila kunazo izivakashi Russian abafisa ukuhamba eduze phesheya, kuyinto Belarus. Shults, ezikhangayo okuzokwenziwa ezichazwe kulesi sihloko unezinkolelo best of the umlando kanye namasiko aleli lizwe enobungane. Idolobhana Itholakala Minsk esifundeni. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ufike lapho kusuka ku -dolobha ka-Belarus futhi emuva ngosuku olulodwa akunzima. Ukuhlobisa Nesvizh kuyinto isigodlo kanye epaki eziyinkimbinkimbi. Niasvizh castle ohlwini lwezinhlaka World Heritage Site futhi ngaphansi ukusekelwa UNESCO. Kodwa edolobheni elinabantu abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanhlanu kuphela, kukhona ezinye ezikhangayo.

Ukuthola Nesvizh

Kusukela Minsk edolobheni ahlukaniswe abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu amabili nanhlanu amakhilomitha. Ukuze ubuke Nesvizh ezikhangayo, kuzomele uqale ukuya wedolobha ibhasi esiteshini "Vostochny". Ithikithi kuwo umuzi izobiza ruble ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisithupha. Ibhasi lokuqala ushiyela Nesvizh kusukela Minsk kwabayisikhombisa ekuseni, zinyanga - eziyisishiyagalombili kusihlwa. Isikhathi sokuhamba - cishe amahora amabili. Ungakwazi ukunciphisa izindleko umgwaqo, uma uhlale ukuthutha ezivamile izitimela (ama-ruble ayizigidi 16). Kodwa-ke lokhu kuzothatha wena kuphela edolobheni elingumakhelwane usuka kuyo Nesvizha nesishiyagalombili amakhilomitha. Ngakho uzoba ukushintsha ukuba ibhasi Shuttle.

Umlando Nesvizh

Ukuze ukuqonde ngokwengeziwe ezikhangayo Nesvizha kufanele baqonde esonta kanye ematfuba nesenzakalo yayo. Ngaphambili, ososayensi baye exhumene edolobheni isikhulu Yuri Nesvitski, owashona eneminyaka Battle of Kalka (1223). Nokho, le nguqulo sinqatshiwe-mlando. Futhi inhlolovo bemivubukulo ungayitholi iminonjana izakhiwo amadala ngekhulu nanhlanu. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala emibhalweni yaminyaka futhi libhekisela 1446, lapho-Lithuanian Grand Duke Kazimir Yagellonchik anikwa umuzi njengesipho uJan Mikolay Nemirovich. Lolu hlobo ephethwe i Nesvizh eside. Kakade ngo-1492 Nesvizh usezandleni labantu abacebile Lithuanian magnate uPetru Gut.

Olubonisa lolu hlobo, u-Anne, engashada naye ngo-1513 i-Yana Radzivilla le Kunesilevu. Shults "ku hola" wamuka lokhu aristocrats zasebukhosini. Umsa kaJwanisi, no-Anna, Mikolay Cherny, iwine yena isihloko "iSikhulu wonke uMbuso WaseRoma." Ngakho, ubunikazi umndeni Radziwill etholwe ngesimo esingokomthetho Ordinacies. Okungukuthi, ababedlulisele eyizibulo. Kusukela kulo mzuzwana iqala inkathi yokuchuma Nesvizh. Radziwill ukugcotshwa wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngu-1939, kuze kube amasosha aseSoviet akazange ukuthwebula leli ingxenye ngaleso sikhathi Poland.

Nesvizh (Belarus): izikhangibavakashi

ihora Finest uye wamshaya ngoba umuzi entry ilungelo ahlelembise indodana Nicholas Black - Hristofora Radzivilla, wethiwa Orphan. Lapho esemusha, lokhu umnumzana wahambela amazwe aseYurophu. Uma ekhaya, ngomdlandla ayibekela kuhlomisa isidleke nomndeni wakho. Labo ezikhangayo Nesvizha esizithandayo namuhla, wabeka noma esakhiwe Christopher Orphan. Wathwala kumila enqabeni endala. Futhi 1583 waba kancane okwengeziwe ukuze kwakhiwe esisha. Abashisekeli bezinguquko futhi edolobheni. Kunezinxushunxushu ngokuya ukwakhiwa Limiselelwe amabhlogo ngaphambilini. Kodwa ngiyakhumbula lokhu amaFilisti Nesvizha umbusi wabo. Orphan ezaqedwa izintela eziningi. Ngamagama yesimanje, wathi amaholide intela, kungani Shults baphuthuma axazulule ingcweti abantu kanye abahwebi. Phakathi namashumi ambalwa eminyaka, idolobha wanda futhi yaba isikhungo yezimboni futhi commercial ophithizelayo. Ngo 1586 Nesvizh unikwe uMthetho eMagdeburg. I yedolobha yayibiyelwe eziqinile, sizungezwe umsele. Ngaphakathi, kwaba eningi amasonto zezindela.

Yini ukubona e Nesvizh (ezikhangayo)

Izithombe sabo enkabeni yedolobha bakhangisa ikakhulukazi castle yayo ehlotshisiwe khaphi Belarus. Ngeshwa, akukho sikhathi inqaba izindonga enamandla umgomo owodwa kuphela - Slutskaya Brama. Ahlangana lezihambi ababevela empumalanga. Ukuze uqonde yobukhulu Nesvizha ephakathi, ukuya maphakathi emakethe sikwele. Phakathi injena iwuphawu ukuzibusa - eHholo Town, wakha ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesikhombisa ngesitayela yezobuciko. Christopher Orphan kwaba UMuphi bodumo. Wamema emzini wakhe lezazi abantu yemisebenzi ovulekile. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-Nesvizh wasebenza kuqala ukuphrinta endlini Belarus Arian futhi esikoleni, lapho afundela khona zemvelo nesayensi wezenkolo izilimi.

Izigodlo kanye Cathedral

Encwadini Nyasvizh esikhulu ocebile ngaphambilini ke kwadingeka izakhiwo eziningi engcwele. labantu kulo muzi kwaba sezizwe ezihlukahlukene. Kwakukhona esinagogeni iSonto Lobu-Orthodox. Leli thempeli main kwaba Corpus Christi. Yena uhlukile ukuthi ibandla lesibili emhlabeni, ukuvuthwa ngokugcwele isitayela Baroque (emva Roman ethempelini Il Gesù). Ngo zombhalo, lombhishobhi Yithuna we Radziwill umndeni clan - the izikhulu ezinamandla owayeke kwakungekaNkulunkulu edolobheni Nesvizh. Izikhangibavakashi we edolobheni - kuyinto zezindela yayo. Kwakukhona eziningana. Edolobheni bakha sezindela yabo Bernardine Order, Benedictines, Dominicans, amaJesuit.

Umlando ka enqabeni

Kuyini Shults ezithakazelisayo? Izikhangibavakashi, ezichazwe kulesi sihloko kungabesifazane nje kuyisandulela omkhulu symphony emangalisayo, lapho uzobona esigodlweni futhi epaki Ensemble. Kodwa enqabeni Yakhiwa hhayi usuku olulodwa. Kusukela inqaba ezindala zamapulangwe liyalondolozwa lutho. Izakhiwo itshe wokuqala ezakhiwa nge amakhosi Dutch of izinqaba icala ngisho nalapho Mikolaj Radziwill-Black. Ngo-May 1583, uChristopher Orphan wabeka Castle eningizimu inqaba lokhuni. Ababemzungezile babe ube nemigodi ngemigodi ngemba. Kamuva, bagcwala amanzi ezindlebeni emfuleni. Ukudala inqaba ekuqaleni kuchasiselwe umakhi Italian Giovanni Bernardoni, kodwa le nguqulo okungabazekayo ngesizathu sithi umklami othile ezikhethekile ukwakhiwa engcwele, hhayi izinqaba. A castle Niasvizh kwaqinisa kangangokuthi bobabili basinda ukuvinjezelwa Russian (e 1654 kanye 1660 ngokulandelana). Futhi ngisho nalapho abaseSweden wathatha umuzi, Charles emashalofini Nambili ngemva kokuvinjezelwa eside baphoqeleka ukuba bamuke elambatha kusukela izindonga enqabeni. Futhi kuphela ekupheleni kweMpi Northern enqabeni, sizungezwe izinkulungwane ibutho, wathatha imigomo elihloniphekile lacela umaluju.

Ukuguqulwa esigodlweni futhi epaki eziyinkimbinkimbi

UNkulunkulu uvikela kahle zonakale lenqaba. Lapho impi wanqamuka izinkanuko, Radziwill kule 1720s waqala kabusha esidlekeni sazo umndeni. Kodwa manje base awumenyiwe onjiniyela wezempi. Fashion Kwakungenziwa ngendlela efanayo, kanye wezikhali kwafinyelela izinga nolokubhujiswa eyehlela izindonga zalo omkhulu ayizange ilondolozwe. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-izintuba emincane futhi redoubts kwathathelwa indawo amafomu ngomusa lwesigodlo. Ababemzungezile okwakukhona isivande nge echibini. Lokho ubuhle futhi esigodlweni, epaki eziyinkimbinkimbi Nesvizh abadumile. isidleke umndeni Izikhangibavakashi Radziwills ziye ukusungulwa ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka futhi zibonisa ukuphila we izikhulu kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili. Ekhuluma ngokugcwalisa suite amakamelo okunethezeka ingatholakala noveli "Princess Tarakanov" G.Danilevskogo. Izivakashi ungavakashela hhayi kuphela amahholo main wezincwadi, kodwa futhi yesonto castle.

Isigodlo e XIX-XX eminyaka

Njengoba izenzakalo kamuva kwabonisa, Radziwill baphuthuma. castle ukuzilwela sathathwa ngesikhathi ukwahlukanisa Russian kwezintathu yePoland. Khona-ke laphangwa kubo ngesikhathi ukubaleka yebutho sikaNapoleon. amabutho Russian sebelithathile ingcebo ahlelembise nanye Dominika Ieronima e nezinqola eziyishumi. Kodwa ngo-sixties kwekhulu XIX enqabeni wabuya ifa lomndeni Radziwill. Isizukulwane esisha lolu hlobo waqala ukuhlela kahle endaweni ezungeze isigodlo. Siyabonga kubo kukhona ezikhangayo ezifana Nesvizha njengoba Castle, Old, New, ipaki isiNgisi Garden Japanese. Ngo-1939, endaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kwaba esingamahektare cishe ayisishiyagalolunye. Lapho ePoland zineminyaka neMpi Yezwe II, amasosha aseSoviet isihambile ngentshonalanga ngaphandle kokudubula shot iwine enqabeni, ebopha Radziwills eziyisikhombisa. Kusukela ekukhishweni bophulwe osomaqhinga Italy. Amalungu bohlobo avunyelwe yathuthela Italy. A esibhedlela futhi sibhedlela elise castle yabo. Kuphela ngemva kokuwa wase-USSR esigodlweni futhi epaki eziyinkimbinkimbi waqala umsebenzi wokubuyisela. Museum kwavulwa ehlobo lika-2012.