River Zeya. Zeya River lase-Amur esifundeni: izinhlanzi nesithombe

emikhonweni Levoberezhny Cupid wanika igama Evenk. Bambiza emfuleni Zeya (ngolimi lwabo, igama kuzwakala "dzhee" futhi elihunyushwa ngokuthi "blade"). Kuyinto ngobukhulu owumthelela Amur. Kugeleza ensimini Amur esifundeni, esehlanganise ezingaphezu kwesigamu komkhathi yayo. Ngo emfuleni Amur umcengezi ageleza eduze Annunciation.

Ogwini lase-Amur inflow eyakhelwe amandla kagesi, owayakhe imizi emithathu Reserve. On the lomfula liphuma Zeya, Blagoveshchensk futhi mahhala. Zeya Reserve ashaqe njengengxenye yensimu e sifinyelela engenhla, ucambalele phezu indawo 830 km². Ukwakhiwa kwehlelo Zeya esiteshini emifula axazulula inkinga ye izikhukhula eziyinhlekelele ezenzeka phakathi izikhukhula ehlobo.

incazelo

emfuleni ubude 1242 amakhilomitha. Pool ihlanganisa indawo ka 233.000 km². Umthombo emfuleni itholakala zokhahlamba Toko Stanovik ngilulekela eningizimu Stanovoi ububanzi. SiGaba esifushane sifinyelela engenhla entabeni, ohamba uba nezimpophoma ezincane skittish. Zeya ugcwele yesihlabathi itshana bano. Isigodi emfuleni is uqale ukucindezela idwala krutostennye amawa.

Lapho Zeya ephambana Tukuringra Ukhahlamba, amanzi alo ukufutheka ku ongagcwali umhosha onamadwala. Yiqiniso wayo aphansi egobhoza ethafeni, lapho esigodini lezwakala ngobubanzi, nezingalo isiteshi yahlukana yaba nemingenela eminingi. Zeya meanders phakathi izimfunda enkulu uphosa amachibi eziningi futhi igcwele willow ezihlabayo.

Kuyinto imikhumbi. Inkantolo zazitholakala obuphelele mfula of 650 amakhilomitha. Ukuthatha izimpande e emlonyeni emfuleni i Zeya, wadonsa kuze kube kwedolobha elifanayo. Ngaphambi kokufika emifula izitshalo amandla esikhathini ephezulu amanzi, inkantolo wasukuma ukuze Bomnak ngomzana, ngenhla edolobheni Zeya.

Ukuthumela inkimbinkimbi Rapids eziningi engajulile oluneziqhingi emfuleni siteshi. Idamu emifula ayakhelwe e isakhiwo navigation. Inkantolo zazitholakala pool yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi.

Hydrology

Zey uqinisa imvula, iqhwa iziphethu ngomshoshaphansi. Umthombo oyinhloko amandla - izimvula. Akha 50-70% amanzi emifula ingqikithi. I share kweqhwa ingeqi 10-20%, kuyilapho komhlaba - ayi-10-30%. Ukuze umfula libhekene okuqukethwe amanzi okusezingeni eliphezulu. kwakhiwa eColumbine it is kusukela cishe 20,000 amachibi. endaweni yabo Imininingwane kuyinto kuka 1000 km ^2.

Ukuze amanzi emfuleni umbuso libhekene izikhukhula ehlobo okubangelwa izikhukhula, futhi isiphethu izikhukhula ecacile. isikhukhula Sikuveze ihlala 3-4 amasonto. Izikhukhula ayabaluleka abaphehla yizikhukhula ezinamandla, okuholela izinhlekelele zemvelo. Zeya River ebusika ne-swimming pool ukuthi ukusakaza emazweni imbozwe Iqhwa, amanzi aphansi kakhulu.

Hhayi okwamanje esakhiwe le Zeya esiteshini emifula, izinga lamanzi ungaphakathi amplitude oscillation ka 9-10 ngamamitha. I we Zeya Hydropower isitshalo endaweni ukujula esiphezulu, ifinyelela 64 amamitha. ububanzi enkulu kulingana amakhilomitha amane.

Flora

Sifinyelela ongenhla emfuleni, okuyinto ayinala kuleli zonke izinhlobo umlomo, Rapids nezimpophoma, lizungezwe izimfunda Zeya Nature Reserve. It bahlalele 637 zezitshalo. Coast ke some abamele ahlukahlukene zombuso isitshalo.

Lapha ukubamba iso-Mongolian kwesihlahla se-okhi emahlozini, lase-Amur Linden futhi apula amajikijolo. Raznolistoy hazel kanye Elm Japanese sizungezwe emfuleni Zeya. Amur esifundeni endaweni yayo liye laba yindawo yokuhlala Rowan laseSiberia, willow sinombala, uphayini yemifino kanye cloudberry.

Izigodi endaweni ahlotshiswe birch zeminqumo. Ngezinye ohlangothini yokhalo Tukuringra ezihlabayo lezihlahla, Rede isikhala phansi kunabaphostoli temnohvoynikam esakha Ayan sonwele. Ngo kwimfunda lomfula Zeya, izithombe okuyizinto emangalisayo, wangcwatshwa ezimfundeni enkulu enezindonga emaxhaphozini.

nezilwane

Izilwane eyaba khona ogwini lomfula, bangabohlobo elicembu ejwayelekile ehlathini izakhamuzi. River izigodi uvikelekile wapiti futhi Ussuri-moose. Zaba abode ngoba Roe izinyamazane kanye yasendle. Okusatshalalisiwe lapha futhi abameleli umndeni weasel. Izakhamuzi okucebile zalezi izilwane ezidla ezinye emahlathini Boreal ezibhekwa Sable futhi Ermine.

Abantu bendabuko esifundeni obonwa brown amabhere, izimpisi, wolverines, raccoon izinja, imithini nezipikha. Kulezi zindawo nezilwane enezimpiko umelwe inkukhu. Picturesque emfuleni Zeya ezinabantu abaningi grouse grouse futhi capercaillie. I engenhla siphephele grouse ngeshwa, labantu babo sincane kakhulu.

Ichthyofauna

Zeya - ipharadesi abadobi bakukhonzile. amanzi Local owakhiwe Galliani, lase-Amur gudgeons, nomboro, Pike, whitefish, salmon, baleen Loach, bullhead, Vladislavov emfuleni nezinye abebephakathi. Abadobi kungukuthi abamangala ekubambeni taimen omkhulu - imidondoshiya yangempela. Kubo, into evamile lokudoba inhlanzi enesisindo 30-50 amakhilogramu. emfuleni ukudoba amanzi abathanda endows graylings enesisindo nengxenye, futhi Lenka - amakhilogremu amathathu kuya kwamane.

Ukwakhiwa amandla kagesi sekubangele ukwehla elibukhali amasheya Kunezinhlobo eziningi izinhlanzi emfuleni Zeya. imiphakathi Unciphise whitefish, trout futhi chub. Kodwa kakhulu isibalo sezikhungo Galiani dace, Rota-Amalahle futhi minnows.

nokungcebeleka

Abavakashi badonsekela ngokulandelana engapheli endaweni olunothile luyaphi emfuleni ezijulile Zeya, lapho ukunambitheka ekhethekile. kwenkundla Fabulous, nezilwane ocebile, ukudoba esihle - uzibuthe yalesi sifunda emangalisayo. Lapha, landeli eco-tourism kanye nokungcebeleka.

Endaweni enhle kangaka futhi kunomoya izilwane zasendle acwebile edonsela ukudoba abathanda, kakhulu futhi ezingavamile. Cubbies zivuliwe emikhawulweni Zei kubalandeli of lolwandle nokungcebeleka. On izivakashi izikhungo eziningi ukuchitha isikhathi ubumnandi abahambi olulodwa, imindeni kanye nezinkampani enobungane.