Porbeagle: yokuphila, izici kwesakhiwo, izithombe

Kulesi sihloko sifuna ukukhuluma mayelana nomzingeli abadumile - the porbeagle. Wake wezwa lokhu? Uneziqu eziningi amagama, phakathi kwawo - eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka inja Lamno, bottlenose, bonito, mackerel ushaka, vaquita , njll ...

Atlantic mackerel ushaka

Lo shaka kungokwalabo umndeni Clupeidae ushaka lamniformes iyunithi futhi ukubukeka kwezinhlobo.

Zonke izilwane ezidla ezinye yaleli qembu babe izimbotshana ezinhlanu gill, amaphiko kanye amaphiko bendunu. Basuke ehlome ngamazinyo ebukhali kakhulu, kodwa ulwelwesi nictitating bengakwenzi. Lawa izici isakhi porbeagle. Uhlobo Atlantic ushaka kuyinto ngempela ezivamile abameleli kulo mndeni. Umzimba ngokwanele aminyene, fusiform, caudal lunate fin, empumulweni abukhali, oyindilinga.

Ingxenye engenhla umzimba uba nombala bluish-grey (kusukela ukukhanya shades mnyama kakhulu), kodwa peritoneum ulula kakhulu, awube mhlophe. On umzimba azikho izindawo nemidwa.

Amehlo abe usayizi esikhulu. Amazinyo inkulu ngokwanele, umumo elingunxantathu, kanye oshaka omdala izinyo impande ngamunye ikhula ambalwa ngaphezulu encane nhlangothi zombili. Cabanga ukuthi emhlathini ngamunye ithambekele namazinyo ayisithupha.

Ushaka uhlala kusukela kwabaneminyaka engamashumi amabili nanhlanu kuya amathathu.

Porbeagle ifinyelela usayizi ngokwanele ezinkulu. Kunobufakazi obuthile bokuthi ukuba khona izimo kuze kufinyelele 3.7 m ubude nge isisindo khilogremu emibili namashumi amathathu. Nokho, ezivamile isilinganiso usayizi umhlaseli - isigamu ngamamitha amabili, isisindo sawo kuyinto ethi ayibe yikhulu amakhilogremu.

Indlela ophila Atlantic ushaka?

Ukubona i-herring ushaka ukuphila akahlukile ukuthi ezinye abameleli bohlobo. Nanguya njalo motion kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, ngezinye izikhathi uhlezi phansi. Sharks akudingeki esinyeni sibhukuda, okusho ukuthi akanawo buoyancy ukuthi has inhlanzi ezivamile. Lokhu kuveza ngokuqhubekayo ukuhambisa, ngaphandle kwalokho lumane ukucwila.

Ngisho porbeagle efile lingaphinde kwamanzi, aluthole isiphephelo ezansi noma abe yizisulu scavengers. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyakwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa oyifunayo yomzimba, futhi ingaphezulu lokushisa kolwandle. Kanjani yena wakwenza njani lokho? Porbeagle has a indlela thermoregulatory. Kukhona zonke ulula. Igazi ujikeleziswe ngokusebenzisa imisipha ethize edlulisela ukushisa, kanjalo lapho evuthayo. Ngakho izinga lokushisa ushaka umzimba antante degrees eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi. Lesi sici esimangalisayo kusiza izilwane ezizingelayo ukuze azivumelanise amanzi abandayo futhi likuvumela ngokushesha ukuhamba uzungeze ukuphishekela inyamazane.

Owakhiwe porbeagle?

Porbeagle uhlala emanzini komkhathi osuka West Atlantic ukuze Argentina kanye neBrazil. Habitat kuyinto ngempela ezibanzi. Empumalanga, ushaka Atlantic itholakala kokubili e-Iceland nokuthi eNingizimu Afrika. Ngezinye izikhathi kungabonakala iMedithera.

ushaka Atlantic kuwumsebenzi akwazi ukujwayela kahle, kodwa ngoba banomuzwa ngokulinganayo ukhululekile emanzini evulekile, futhi emanzini asogwini seziqhingi futhi ezwekazini. Ukuze akukhetha kakhulu akusiyo amanzi afudumele kakhulu nge lokushisa akukho degrees engaphezu kwamashumi amabili.

Umhlaseli odla Atlantic?

Ngesisekelo ekudleni ushaka inhlanzi, futhi ngoba abadobi akholelwa ukuthi uma porbeagle isidingo, kubalulekile kuqala kunazo zonke ukuthola isikole zezinhlanzi. Predator uhlala endaweni ka 700-800 amamitha ukujula ebusweni ulwandle.

Ukudla Its kuhlanganisa ethinini, tuna, i-herring, mackerel. Futhi, yena kakwazi sidebeselele izinhlanzi phansi: squid, ulwe, imisebe, ezinamagobolondo futhi oshaka encane. Atlantic ushaka - nomzingeli esebenzayo kakhulu futhi beshesha. Ngokuvamile ngalinye lala masonto izinhlanzi ubuthe imihlambi elincane abantu abayishumi nanhlanu, sihamba olwandle ebusweni, edalula amaphiko futhi amaphiko caudal.

Ngale ndlela abathanda of eziphilayo ebavumela yokuzingela ngempumelelo, ukujikeleza izikole zezinhlanzi, zingase ziqhutshwe sikhungo, kumbuthano Friend bese uqale ukudla. Bona umbani ehlele phezu kwempango, ngokuhaha ushwabadela wakhe.

Ngezinye izikhathi oshaka ehlele ngisho amanetha okudoba. Imibono yabo ngendlela emangalisayo ngendlela ekhexisayo inani elikhulu izinhlanzi wabanjwa ngamazwi abadobi ke they lunywa ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi, nezinhlanzi bagijime, ngqo emihlathini ezidla elambile. Uma esiswini ushaka omunye ngamashumi amahlanu anesixhenxe izinhlanzi ezisukela amasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu kuya amabili ngobukhulu etholakele. Umxhwele, akunjalo?

Lokuzaliswa Atlantic oshaka

Porbeagle - uhlobo ovoviviparous eziyingozi. Amaqanda avundiswa abasasele izinhlanzi kwaze kwazalwa inzalo. Umbungu lizungezwe liner yesikhashana okuyinto kancane kancane esenyamalala, iqala ukondla ngokusebenzisa uketshezi kwabakhulelwe. Mangisho ukuthi imibungu ekuthuthukiseni udle phakathi nalesi sikhathi kuthiwa eziningi amaqanda unfertilized. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha eziyisishiyagalombili kwabayisishiyagalolunye izinyanga. Futhi ehlobo elakhiwe ngokwanele intsha bazalwa. Nokho, ubude bazo esiphakathi amahlanu nabangamashumi ayisikhombisa cm. nomzingeli ngasinye ngesikhathi kungazuzisa phakathi amabili nanhlanu izingane.

Industrial yokudoba porbeagle

Porbeagle (isithombe enikezwa esihlokweni) - akuyona nje nomzingeli. Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa into okudoba ngenjongo yezentengiselwano emazweni amaningi: Canada, e-USA, Norway, Ireland naseGreat Britain.

It kuvela ukuthi izilwandle inyama isiphepho esihlwabusayo ngokwanele, nakuba nge iphunga othize edabukisayo. Nokho, lapho ziphekwe ngendlela efanele, le nkinga siqedwa kakhulu ukumane. Ziyakwazi amaphiko awusizo kakhulu, amafutha isibindi, isibindi, futhi yebo, isikhumba. Konke izinhlanzi langakufanelekela ukudla, izimpahla ezomile noma imithi, bathunyelwa ukukhiqizwa fishmeal.

Ukuthi umuntu kuyingozi oshaka?

Atlantic ushaka okusheshayo futhi iyingozi kubantu. Nokho, akukho ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa ngokuphathelene nakho ukuhlasela kwalo kubantu. Okwamanje kukhona izimo eziningana Ukulunywa bubangelwa umhlaseli. kanzima Ngakho ukukhuluma ngezinga ingozi alo. Kodwa noma kunjalo kungcono ukuba kude nomzingeli akusiwona nje omunye amagama ayo endulo livela ibinzana YesiGreki "okusabekayo idla." Namuhla, sibonga zezimboni ekubambeni oshaka Atlantic hhayi ukuthi kulula uhlangabezana. Kuyinto cishe alikho eMedithera, futhi eqinisweni, kuze kube muva bekulokhu impela eningi. Ngoba esithathwayo ngaphansi kwesivikelo ngemvelo njengoba yonke into ayakubona ngabanye, ukuba onqenqemeni yokuqothulwa.

Pacific ushaka

Salmon ushaka - abaseduze isihlobo Atlantic, okuyindawo kuyahluka empumulweni nibonakala ububanzi futhi esifushane futhi izindawo isici ukuphaphatheka esiswini. Kuzo zonke ezinye izici, laba izilwane ezidla ezinye iyafana, nakuba bukhoma ezindaweni ezahlukene. zinhlobo Salmon itholakala kuphela eNyakatho Pacific.

umzimba ovikelekile uba nombala grey-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ushaka ikhanda sikhulu, kodwa amafishane kunobukaJohane izihlobo zayo. Lokhu kwenza kube efana ushaka encane emhlophe. Yilokho onjalo engavamile ushaka Pacific herring. Izici isakhiwo ke yokuthi liphinde ukulondoloza izinga lokushisa wayefisa emzimbeni, okusenza ehlala emanzini cool futhi ngokushesha futhi sinamandla ngokwengeziwe.

Ubukhulu Pacific oshaka

Pacific ushaka ifinyelela usayizi ehloniphekile ngokwanele. bufakazi yabantu ebonisa yayo obuphelele umzimba 4.3 amamitha, futhi ukubaluleka bodokotela kancane nesizotha - 3.7 amamitha. A isisindo sifinyelela 454 kg. Kuyinto embi kabi anele nemingcele umhlaseli. Abesifazane kuvamise kunangendlela kwabesilisa. Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi ezindaweni ezahlukene olwenzeka endaweni uqaphele umehluko ubukhulu izilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-empumalanga ePacific ubuswa nabesifazane, kodwa entshonalanga - abesilisa. Isizathu salokhu mkhuba alwaziwa. Izinsikazi baphile ngokuvumelana iminyaka emashumi mathathu, abesilisa - kuze kufinyelele amabili.

Habitat Pacific oshaka

Pacific ushaka wathola ngasogwini Korea, eJapan, ngo iBering futhi Okhotsk ezilwandle nakuzo emanzini US, bhalisiwe phambi kwakhe at the ogwini eMexico eCalifornia. Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi ushaka Pacific herring, yokuphila okuyinto kuhlobene ngokuqondile amanzi ocebile ukudla, akusho ukuya olujulileyo. amamitha Ngaphansi kuka 500 ukusuka olwandle ukuvundulula ke ngeke umthole.

Kuyini ukudla ukuze izilwane ezidla ezinye zasePacific?

Sharks zidla naphakathi izinhlanzi: mackerel, i-herring, chum, sockeye, pink salmon. futhi demersal izinhlanzi ekhona ukudla kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umhlaseli angakwazi ukukhokhela ukuhlasela izinyoni ezindizayo. Iqoqa ngemihlambi abantu amabili noma amathathu, ushaka ahlele ukuzingela collective. Predator uyashesha ngakho futhi beshesha ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi yenza kufuduka ukuhwebelana ukudla ezingaba khona.

oshaka Pacific ukukhiqiza kabusha cishe nse Atlantic.

Kukholakala ukuthi lezi zinhlobo kuyingozi ukuba abantu, nakuba imibhalo ku kuhlasela baye alikaqinisekiswa. Noma kunjalo, uma ibona izilwane eziyingozi anosayizi esikhulu kakhulu futhi ubonise ubudlova, futhi ngenxa yalokho kufanele uqaphele ezindaweni lapho behlala khona.

Eminye imithombo kubika oshaka ku abatshuzi, kodwa lezi idatha okufakazelwe futhi baqinisekisa. Lapho ngakho ngoba lolu hlobo udidekile kalula nabanye, futhi kungenzeka ke kwaba iphutha mayelana zinhlobo ehlasela umhlaseli.

Ingabe Pacific nomzingeli inyama edliwayo?

Ushaka inyama kubhekwa esiphundu, futhi kwamanye amazwe, njenge-Japan kanye-East Asian esifundeni ngokuvamile uju. Nokho, okudoba ngenjongo yezentengiselwano kwalesi silwane oshaka engakathenjiswa umshado. Kunalokho, kwenzeka ngengozi, ngesikhathi ukudoba salmon. Nokho, i-Pacific ushaka iyathakazelisa ukudoba ezemidlalo, ikakhulu njengoba usayizi kunalokho yayo enkulu. Kodwa kwemvelo ukhathazekile ukuthi esikhathini esizayo it is hhayi kulindeleke ukuba bathamele Atlantic oshaka, ezisengozini yokushabalala.

In Alaska, i zezimboni ukudoba uvinjelwa ngo-1997, futhi kunalokho isandla elawulwa nokudoba ezemidlalo. Njalo umdobi uvunyelwe ukubamba abantu ababili kuphela ngonyaka.

Lezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo lezi oshaka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le izilwane ezidla ezinye esesabekayo, esiyingozi abantu, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, asendleleni onqenqemeni yokuqothulwa ebulawa nabantu abafanayo. Futhi akucaci ngubani ubani okufanele uqaphele ngaphezulu. Nakuba iyiphi nomzingeli endle, yebo, zibe yingozi kubantu, ngoba omunye akwenzeki azi ukuthi yini okufanele ayilindele ezivela kuye.