Okumhlophe nokuluhlaza imikhomo: izilinganiso zobukhulu. Umkhoma ngobukhulu: Ubukhulu

Ososayensi babecabanga ukuthi uma imikhomo babe amadlozi ezincelisayo, ahlezi emhlabathini. Isakhiwo skeleton ophilayo izilwane ulwandle kuqinisekisa lo mbono. Basuke ungathandi izinhlanzi ngoba abazi eziyizimbangela, musa uphefumula gills, abasha zabo abazalwe bakheké ngokuphelele futhi ezidla nobisi lwebele. Ngubani lo mkhomo? Izilinganiso abanye abameleli leli qembu umxhwele. Ake sihlole kubo.

Umkhoma ngobukhulu

Ubukhulu we giant ngobukhulu ngokusho kwabanye imithombo kwakuyilawa: umzimba ubude mayelana 34 amamitha nesisindo esingamathani 180. Blue, noma njengoba ibizwa, blue whale, ngezigaba fanele ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo mammalian. Ngokwesilinganiso, laba bameleli kwalesi silwane ikhula-30 amamitha. Bona linesisindo esingamathani angu-150 no.

Ubukhulu imikhomo (isithombe) nezinye izinhlobo nesizotha. Ngokwesibonelo, isidoda toothed has a obuphelele umzimba mayelana amabili amamitha, futhi umbulali - hhayi engaphezu kweyishumi ziqhubeka. Ukuze izilwane zasemanzini ezincelisayo yizona namahlengethwa. Ubukhulu yalezi ezincelisayo nokuncane. Ngokuvamile ihlengethwa ngobukhulu kuyaqabukela ukhule isikhathi eside kunaleso ngamamitha amathathu.

Abantu abaningi bakholelwa whale senhlanzi enkulu. Empeleni lokhu akulona iqiniso. Okufanayo kubo kuphela isakhiwo jikelele zomzimba kanye nemvelo. Kukhona umehluko omkhulu umsebenzi kwemizwa, kwegazi, isakhiwo lwamathambo, isikhumba. Ukuzala ukunikeza okufanayo, kanye umhlaba ezincelisayo.

Imikhomo: osayizi nezinhlobonhlobo

Ososayensi ukwehlukana abamele lezi ezimbili ezincelisayo we suborder. Ziyashiyashiyana kakhulu yokuphila nokudla. Elinye iqembu - kuyinto imikhomo baleen, elinye - toothed. Ngo isihloko sesibekiwe kakade, futhi isici indlela yabo yokuphila.

Baleen imikhomo - izilwane ezinokuthula. Zidla on plankton futhi mollusk gqwa ngaphandle ikholomu amanzi ngokusebenzisa ipuleti baleen. Iningi lazo kuleli omdala has a obuphelele umzimba amamitha engaphezu kweyishumi ziqhubeka. Timphawu letitsite bale suborder futhi yokuphila kuhluke kancane.

imikhomo Toothed - eziyingozi. Ukudla kwabo - inhlanzi kanye nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo. Lokhu suborder wehlukile ngaphezulu. Iningi abameleli anosayizi umzimba amamitha angu eziyishumi. Ukwabela emikhayeni enjalo: amahlengethwa wasolwandle futhi umfula, kashalotovye, imikhomo beaked. Nazo ngokufanayo, kuyinto division of subfamilies futhi izizukulwane, kuncike indlela ethile yokuphila futhi ndawo.

umkhomo amhlophe

I suborder kwemikhomo toothed babe abameleli, elinesimo ethile ibala lesikhumba. It ube mhlophe. Kungakho igama - umkhomo emhlophe. Izilwane ezifuywayo monodontidae umndeni. ezimhlophe whale ubukhulu amamitha angu eziyisithupha. IMisa Amaduna amadala ifinyelela amathani amabili. Ukuze uqhathanise, cishe usayizi ofanayo njengoba usana mustachioed Umkhomo oluhlaza.

Beluga uhlala kuze kube yiminyaka engamashumi amane. Kwabathakathi Stein inhlanzi, ezinamagobolondo futhi molluscs. Uhlala zindawo enyakatho. Izici lwemsebenti: ungqimba obukhulu we epidermis, namafutha, okuyizinto zivikela hypothermia, "foreheaded" ikhanda futhi pectoral amaphiko kukhona okusaqanda iDemo.

Umbala eqondile Beluga ayinakho lokuzalwa. Cubs sizalwa luhlaza. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-konyaka, kukhanye futhi abe greyish. Kuphela emva kweminyaka emithathu (ngokuvamile eminyakeni emihlanu) ukuthola umbala sici emhlophe.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kuba isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke e-beluga yokuzingela omunye ummeli ka izilwane zasemanzini ezincelisayo - whale. amabhere Ungase futhi usongo kubo. Lokhu kwenzeka uma beluga ayaboshezelwa e polynyas ice obukhulu. Abakwazi ukuhlala ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi eside, kusukela iflothi njalo ngemva kwemizuzu emibili ukuze uthole ezinye emoyeni.

blue whale

Kuyinto isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Izazi zesayensi ziye zakhomba zinhlobo ezintathu. Ababili babo yilezi: ukusuka enyakatho uye eningizimu - atholakala Ezindaweni ezahlukene. Okwesithathu - a elibhekwa njengabaThwa Umkhomo oluhlaza. Ubukhulu balo nesizotha kakhulu. Umuntu omdala ifinyelela ingane isisindo sabafowabo evamile. Elibhekwa njengabaThwa imikhomo blue abasakwazi ezingavamile futhi zitholakala kuphela kwezilwandle eningizimu.

izilwane ezinkulu zonke ezinkulu. inhliziyo whale ifaniswe encane imoto, kungaba nesisindo 700 kg. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba umzimba njalo ukumpompa izimpahla ezingamathani angu-10 wegazi. I ububanzi we Umthambo umdondoshiya 40 cm, futhi kuba mahhala ukukhuphuka ingane. Ulimi ukala kuze kube amathani amathathu. Bona bagqugquzela amadevu whale lemiqulu emikhulu yamanzi okomlomo, indawo square metres kuka amabili.

Izici

Umbala imikhomo blue empeleni grey. Kodwa uma ubheka kubo ngokusebenzisa ikholomu amanzi, babonakala benesikhathi Tint bluish. Smell, ukunambitheka kanye emehlweni lezi zidlakela kabi athuthukile. Kodwa ukuzwa kahle. Ukuxhumana Kwenziwa okuxhunyanwa amasignali ultrasonic, ukuthambekela emkhathini - esebenzisa amaza omsindo.

Kuyingozi abantu uma blue whale? Usayizi lezi zilwane omkhulu ngezindinganiso nangokucabanga kwethu. Nokho, umuntu adle, ngeke baze bakwazi ukuwenza. Sinenkosi izintandokazi ezahlukene zokudla. I ububanzi we emphinjeni 10 cm. Lokhu kwanele ukudluliswa plankton, inhlanzi encane, ezinamagobolondo futhi molluscs. Umonakalo kuphela kungabangela Umkhomo oluhlaza - ngokungalandelani ukunyukela ezama ukujikisa umkhumbi, okuzoba kuso iseduze.

Izilwane zasemanzini ezincelisayo umoya ozungeze umhlaba wethu. Sinenkosi ngezikhathi kuphakame ebusweni ngengxenye elandelayo oxygen. Ngokuvamile, blue whale egxilile imizuzu 10-15. Uma anyukele ngesikhathi umoya kukhona amanzi emthonjeni isici.

Habitat nendlela yempilo

Ingabe izitha imikhomo blue? Ubukhulu, njengoba kuvela, ungasindisi ngisho izilwane ngobukhulu emhlabeni kusukela killer whale ukuhlaselwa. Lezi omakhelwane elambile, ukuthola ucime ezibhuzayo, kungaba ukuhlasela giant ngisho tridtsatimetrovoy. Basuke dephula umzimba whale inyama izicucu. ukulimala kabi kungabangela ukufa. Kwakukhona izimo lapho izidumbu imikhomo blue ne izilonda sici namazinyo killer nama wathola siphonseke ogwini. Lezi ziqhwaga, naphezu lingakanani kanye nesisindo, ngokuvamile jumping ephuma emanzini. Kukholakala ukuthi ngoba izilwane ozama ukuqeda izimuncagazi emzimbeni yabo ne-shellfish.

Habitat imikhomo ebanzi. Ososayensi akudingeki umthamo esanele lokhozi konke ukunyakaza kwabo. Kwatholakala ukuthi kuye ngokuthi inkathi kwemikhomo blue uthuthe ziyofuna ukudla kanye kwezimo ezifanele. Ngokusho kwezinye kugcinwa inkomo njalo ku bhé iPacific.

Kukholakala ukuthi iminyaka yokuphila imikhomo blue ongafinyelela amakhulu eminyaka. Ziyakwazi - olulodwa. Kuphela ngezinye izikhathi zibuthe ngamaqembu amancane phakathi efuduka kwesizini. Abahlengikazi unina abasha izinyanga okungenani eziyisithupha. Ngelanga ezikhulayo "umntwana" nesisindo esingamathani ayishumi ziphuze amalitha 600 ubisi lukamama.

Umphakathi kanye catch ukudoba

Ososayensi basikisela ukuthi kuze kube ekuqaleni asebenzayo Whaling emanzini olwandle lapho, kwakukhona abase engengaphansi kwengu-250 eziyinkulungwane sezilwane ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuze kube manje, ngokusho izibikezelo abanethemba, abanakho kuka 10,000.

Kodwa libaluleke ngani ukuthi imikhoma ukuba abantu? Usayizi umzimba isilwane ngezindinganiso ukudoba okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngesinye isidumbu whalers wathola hhayi kuphela inyama, kodwa futhi uwoyela whalebone. Inyama namanje ethandwa kakhulu eJapane, futhi akumangalisi ukuthi ukudoba kukhona ezimatasa.

Inani labantu base-imikhomo blue yehlile kakhulu. Phakathi namashumi eminyaka edlule esidlule liye phansi inqwaba abadala. Umkhomo Abesifazane ukufinyelela izinga lokuzala lapho ngineminyaka eyishumi. Njalo ngemva kweminyaka emibili bakwazi ukunikeza kuzuze izizukulwane ezaziyolandela. Kodwa isimo esinjalo ukuthi iningi abasha isiba yisisulu yokudoba, hhayi ukufinyelela ukuvuthwa yayo.

Kuze kube manje, imikhomo blue avikelekile. Basuke ohlwini ezisengcupheni. Kodwa lo muntu futhi nemiphumela yezenzo zawo eziphathelene ukungcoliswa kwemvelo usamelela ibe usongo olukhulu kuso sonke isibalo sabantu.