Noyabrsk labantu: inombolo kanye nokusungulwa yobuhlanga

lamabutho Wik yeNhlonhlo Yamal - elinye lamadolobha ambalwa lapho kanyekanye ukuthuthukisa imikhakha emibili okuhambisanayo (igesi namafutha, nge preponderance okucacile yokugcina), i-Hunt kuhlulekile namakolishi ukusebenza, lapho iminyaka emihlanu, inani labantu liye lenyuka cishe ngokuphindwe kathathu - konke mayelana Noyabrsk. Population, ukwakheka yobuhlanga zabantu bendawo nezinye izinto ukubalwa kwabantu, kanye nobunjalo isakhiwo edolobheni, umkhakha nakwezomnotho Noyabrsk sichaziwe ngezansi.

Zonke izindlela ziholela Noyabrsk

Noyabrsk, ithatha impela isikhundla evumayo ibanga elilinganayo kusuka maphakathi Yamal-Nenets Autonomous lesiFunda Tyumen - idolobha lokuqala Russian eSiberia - kubhekwa "lomasango eningizimu" Yamal. Lo muzi ubizwa elisoGwini nakangaka yemifula ezimbili ezinkulu laseSiberia, abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi lamagquma laseSiberia. Noyabrsk ozungezayo ehlathini ngemifula ezincane eziningi kanye namachibi encane. Futhi isici moorland. Settlement zasemazweni ngokwanele, njengoba zinakekelwe iziphathimandla zendawo. Budebuduze edolobheni kwenzeke ukuhlangana nabantu timphisi, izinyamazane, amaphiva, amabhere ansundu, yezinyoka, izimpungushe nezimpungushe.

Inani labantu base-Noyabrsk ngokuvamile jokes ukuthi zonke izindlela ziholela kulo muzi. Ngempela, phakathi kwedolobha ne igama okusikhumbuza eside ukhohliwe izikhathi sezenhlalo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne amathemba, hhayi kokufinyelela eyodwa eyishumi phambili, iqalisa inombolo lemithambo ezokuthutha obalulekile. City kweqa wesitimela okusha Uregnoy - ". Ezwekazini" ukubaluleka Tyumen amasu kanye onguthelawayeka okuholela Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous avtonomnyy kanye

Ukuthuthukiswa uwoyela negesi Amasimu

ngomlando onezigigaba ezimibalabala emzaneni waqala nabantu 40 kuphela, ubani ngo-Ephreli 1975 lawela phezu ice Itu-Yakha River. Inhloso kwakuwukuba ukuthuthukiswa amafutha Amasimu drillers wendawo. Vele izinyanga ezintathu ngemva kokufika kwabakhi ukufika indiza yatholwa umthombo wokuqala igolide elimnyama. Ngakho, ukuphila edolobheni wanika Kholmogorskoye, Karamovskoye, Povkhovskoye, Tevminskoe, Vyngapurovskoye Sutrominskoe kanye uwoyela negesi Amasimu enyakatho Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous avtonomnyy futhi Yamalo-Nenets eningizimu.

Ngo-November 1976, kulandela Troopers zabasebenzi kufika ku ikusasa ekamu. Nokho, ukwakhiwa sesitimela entsha emgqeni Surgut - Urgyen futhi esiteshini kwalesi sigodi. City ayeshiwo phezu amabalazwe ngaphansi kwegama Noyabrsk - ngaphansi kwegama lwenyanga, lapho ukwakhiwa lamafutha zokuhlala. By the way, esikhathini esithile emzaneni ayeliqamba Hanto - lethiwa ngelinye lamagama namachibi zendawo, kodwa ukucabanga sezenhlalo lanqoba.

Ukwakhiwa uwoyela negesi edolobheni

Isiteshi zokuhlala kanye umkhandlu walapha lendawo uvele imibhalo esemthethweni 26 Okthoba 1977, lapho babhaliswa Tyumen Oblast Executive Committee. Ngaphambi nje kokuba ama ukwakheka ingqalasizinda yendawo. Ngo-August 1977 inani labantu Noyabrsk wayeseGibithe 1523 indoda. Iningi labo lalilisha sikhathi izisebenzi ezazenza umsebenzi wokwakha izakhiwo zezimboni kanye uwoyela negesi ukuthuthukiswa.

Ekupheleni kuka-August 1978 iziphathimandla Tyumen wathutha emzaneni abasebenza amabili namashumi nantathu kanye ikhilomitha ujantshi Surgut - Urengoy. Lesi sinqumo okubangelwa isidingo sokuvikela labantu ngokumelene kungenzeka izikhukhula Noyabrsk. North kwalesi sigodi nje ukuthola egqumeni kwesokudla. Khona-ke kuyofikwa omunye Isifaniso neRoma, elakhiwa phezu amagquma eziyisikhombisa.

iziteshi sesitimela, ukwakhiwa zazo eziningi izimali isivele etshaliwe nabasebenzi, washiya esikhundleni. Namuhla endaweni zhelezndorozhnogo uphethiloli (namuhla Station Noyabrsk-1) ingenye omakhelwane we umuzi, waqamba komnikazi Zhelznodorozhnikov.

Ube muhle emzaneni baqhubeka. Ngo-1978, idolobha wayenamadodana angu ezitaladini eziyisishiyagalombili, eposini, isikhungo sezokwelapha nezitolo ezimbili. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, labantu Noyabrsk wayesenze amaphutha behlala enhloko-dolobha amahlanu nanhlanu storey izindlu wokwakha ejwayelekile, futhi yonke indawo ephilayo, kwakunabamemezeli abangaphezu kuka-40 eziyinkulungwane sq. M. m. Isisekelo sokuqala "Khrushchev," sabekwa capsule isikhathi umlayezo xxi leminyaka Komsomol.

Ekupheleni 1981, inani labantu (Noyabrsk ke kwaba namanje emzaneni) ifinyelele ayizinkulungwane 23. Man. Ngemva konyaka, izakhamuzi aba yizinkulungwane 25,5. Eminyakeni emihlanu (1981 kuya ku-1986) labantu Noyabrsk lenyuka cishe kathathu wafinyelela ayizinkulungwane 68. Ngesikhathi iminyaka engu yesihlanu isimo endaweni edolobheni isabelo ngo-1987, izakhamuzi eziningi wasekhaya kwakungenele ayizinkulungwane 77. ndoda.

Idolobha eminyakeni uye waqhubeka ukuthuthukisa. Nokho, lapho kuwa iSoviet Union wokuvimba ukukhula Noyabrsk, kanye labantu ifinyelele ayizinkulungwane 100. Indoda kuphela 2005.

Inani labantu base-lamabutho oseningizimu Yamal

Bangaki abantu Noyabrsk? 2016 akufanele kumakwe i ukwanda kwenani lezakhamuzi. Inani labantu abahlala edolobheni uwoyela, ngokuvamile kwehle eminyakeni yamuva, nakuba kancane kuphela. Noyabrsk Labantu ngo-2016 kwaba abantu nje phezu ayizinkulungwane 106,5 -. Idatha okunjalo olusemthethweni olunikezwa Federal Service of State Izibalo.

Namuhla Nobyarsk sesibili inani kwezakhamuzi ngobukhulu zezimboni idolobha ezingaba ku Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. Kusukela 2000 , ukukhula labantu isihloko Russian Federation moya izimbangela ngempela kakade zemvelo, kantsi phambilini isibalo sokukhula ngokuyinhloko ngoba kwatheleka Manpower. Ngo-2014, inani labantu emzini Noyabrsk kwaba ngu-20% azo zonke izakhamuzi Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District.

Izinhlobonhlobo Ukwakheka kazwelonke

Ukwakheka National azifani ikakhulukazi noyabrtsev. Kusukela ngomhla ka-2010 kuleli dolobha elinabantu abameleli bezizwe:

• Russian (65.5%);
• Ukrainian (12.3%);
• Tatar (6.7%);
• Azeris (2.9%);
• Bashkirs (2.3%);
• Belarusians (1.5%);
• Moldavians (1.1%);
• Lezghians (0.5%).

Noyabrsk Inani labantu bakha at bangakunaki ukuphila Isi-Chuvash, Uzbeks, Tajiks, Chechens, Kyrgyz, Kumyks.

Idolobhana ubuswa zinkolo ezimbili ezinkulu - ubuKristu nobuSulumane. abameleli Orthodox bangamaRoma abantu Slavic abathi Islam AmaTatar, Bashkirs, Uzbeks nezinye abomdabu of republic aseningizimu. Naphezu kokuhlukahluka sabantu, noyabrtsev kakhulu - wabantu balapha abanobungane nabahle cultured abakhathalela inhlalakahle emzini.

Noyabrsk labantu abasha

Isici nobuntu emzaneni elinomlando esifushane kodwa engenakulibaleka kuyinto esemncane isilinganiso sabantu. I noyabrtsu isilinganiso nje phezu iminyaka engamashumi amathathu nanye, kuyilapho isilinganiso seminyaka yobudala labantu sihlanganisa lonke izwe laseRussia uneminyaka engu 39,1.

Njengawo woke amadorobha ku Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, Noyabrsk ezahlukene irekhodi isabelo sabantu abasebenzayo yobudala phakathi izakhamuzi zayo - ezingaphezu kuka-70%. Lokubiza izingane imayelana 21%, abadala cishe u-9%. Lesi simo sibangelwa yokuthi eziningi post-umsebenzi wathuthela emaphakathi noma eningizimu izifunda Russian nge izimo ezikahle sezulu.

Okunye izinkomba lokubala ubuningi babantu

Idlanzana izakhamizi ubudala izimbangela ubudala kanye neqiniso lokuthi isibalo Noyabrsk ezijabulisayo ezazihlobene nokuzala idlula isibalo ukulila. Ngakho, ngo-2015, zaba nokufa 513 ngo-1662 ezizalwa, ukwanda zemvelo zaba abantu 1149. Izinga ingqikithi zemvelo kwenani labantu zazilingana 10.7, kuyilapho i-Russian jikelele Inkomba isici ilingane no-zero. Kuze kube muva nje, Russian Federation futhi zonke ezahlukene labantu ukwehla.

I nezindawo zokuhlala kwalesi sigodi

Ukwakhiwa lamabutho oseningizimu Yamal esivamile iningi emadolobheni zezimboni enyakatho. ezitaladini emaphakathi eziningana, azungeze okuyinto omakhelwane kukhona icwecwe - ngakho libukeka idolobha lanamuhla Noyabrsk. inombolo Population (2016 esithathwayo esengumphostoli wokugcina ivaliwe), okuyinto ngonyaka odlule, njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, 106,5 izinkulungwane. Abantu abahlala ezifundeni ezimbalwa kweshumi futhi imizana eminingana.

izindawo zokuhlala zitholakala ngqo edolobheni noma eduze kwalesi sigodi, futhi ibanga elithileko. Ngokwesibonelo, endaweni Vyngapurovsky uku Novemba 92 km emgwaqeni omkhulu. Ukubukeka kule ndawo yokuhlala ehlangene ukuthuthukiswa uwoyela negesi emkhakheni igama elifanayo.

Inkulumo Echaza Isimo Sezwe ingqalasizinda kanye nokusebenza izindlu kanye nezinsizakalo ohlanganyelwe

Noyabrsk sikuhlomele ngokugcwele imigwaqo, isimo efanele njalo elibukhali kwenziwe ukulungiswa njengoba kudingeka. Ezithuthelayo kucatshangwe ngokucophelela, ususe abantu kusuka isiminyaminya ezenzeka ngaphandle uma izingozi ezinkulu noma izimo zezulu ezingezinhle.

Umsebenzi izindlu kanye nezinsizakalo ohlanganyelwe izakhamuzi Noyabrsk izikhalazo futhi uvusa akukho ukuphikisa. Nokho, isimo esidabukisayo kakhulu sesitimela isiphetho, ngawo ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi waqala umlando isihloko Russian Federation. Kubomakhelwane kukhona nhlobo ukukhanyisa emgwaqweni ogcwele, imizila yezinyawo akuzona njalo lapho, njalo uyagijima ezokuthutha zomphakathi. Ngo mikroraynoe kukhona amacala okungazelelwe amandla ukwehluleka noma namanzi.

Employment Noyabrsk labantu

Settlement namuhla libhekene umsebenzi omkhulu. Noyabrsk - idolobha izinkampani igesi futhi abasebenzi uwoyela, Nokho, futhi ayizange iphumelele nokuntengantenga kwezomnotho nezombusazwe nineties. Khona-ke inani labantu laliphakathi encike ngqo kwi amanani emhlabeni yephrofayela ezifanele izinto kuncike kwezomnotho. ukuthuthukiswa Active komuzi wakhala a outflow abukhali angisebenzi ngokushesha ngemva iSoviet Union iwa.

wemboni ehamba phambili kuye kwanqunywa kusengaphambili kusukela esikhathini emagcekeni ekamu. Neqiniso yezimboni Noyabrsk kukhona izinkampani bekwi ukukhiqizwa, ukucubungula zokuthutha uwoyela negesi. amabhizinisi amabili edolobheni-ukwakha kukhona "Gazprom ezimayini Noyabrsk" futhi ukwehlukana "uwoyela Gazprom" - "Gazpromneft-Noyabrskneftegas".

Employment Noyabrsk kakhulu olunikezwa izinkampani iyona uwoyela negesi umkhakha eziqasha abasebenzi, umumo wawo kungathi izinkulungwame 30. Izakhamuzi. ukukhiqizwa gas ongenaziphazamiso namanje ukunikeza ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 3. Man. Palpable njengoba inani labasebenzi abaqashwe izikhundla kuhulumeni ekwakhiweni umkhakha, ukuxhumana kanye ukuhweba. Eminyakeni yamuva, Noyabrsk iye yabizwa kuqhutshekwe athuthukile futhi yokudla: kukhona yobisi, ebhikawozi, izitshalo akhiqiza inhlanzi, inyama, nomqwayiba ngibhema kanye nemikhiqizo namasoseji.

isimo ubugebengu

Noyabrsk ubugebengu inhlokodolobha esifundeni akuyona ncamashi shayela, nakuba umuzi ngezikhathi ezithile kukhona amacala iwubala futhi elibucayi. Enye yezinkinga eziyinhloko kwalesi sigodi bekulokhu futhi iyaqhubeka iba yokuluthwa. Ngakho, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2015 kutholakele futhi adiliza iziphathimandla komthetho we ezine zendawo opium den.