Norma alfalfa imbewu 1 ha. irowu izikhala

Kwezolimo, kabanzi aklaba utshani. Omunye wabo alfalfa. It ukhonza njengelungu impahla efanelekayo silage kanye nokusebenzisa amadlelo. Ukuze uthole isivuno esiphezulu isiko, umkhuba wezolimo ukubala ukugeleza lesifanele imbewu: alfalfa imbewu izinga ngalinye 1 ha.

Yini alfalfa esekhulile

Izitshalo uya kokudla kwezilwane ngesimo eluhlaza, kuvuna njengoba utshani obomisiwe, silage kanye haylage. Yenziwe utshani sakusihlwa kanye vitamin zithutha, abese ukungezwa kokudla kwezilwane. Ngezinhloso enjalo alfalfa sika livela okokuqala esigabeni of flower efihlekile.

Ukuze uthole silage eliphezulu, evuna isiko akhicitwe nakuchubeka zezimbali. I izakhiwo begazi, kuba notshani obuluhlaza. Ngenxa mowers ekhethekile esetshenziswa kwasani indlela.

Kukhona othomathikhi hala umunwe ukusheshisa omiswe hay. umoya omncane njalo futhi tedding ukukhuthaza omiswe ngokushesha.

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ukutshalwa ifolishi isiko. Alfalfa zokutshala izinga ngalinye ehektheleni 1 kuzoya kakhulu ngokuthi yikuphi umgomo bazingelwa ukusetshenziswa kwaso nokuthi yini indlela isetshenziswa nxa isihlwanyelwe. I Kungashiwo okufanayo mayelana nobubanzi phakathi imigqa.

Siphi isici kunqunywa ububanzi phakathi imigqa

1. Ezinye izazi zezolimo namahlathi bathi emaphaseji ezibanzi ukunciphisa hay kwezitshalo. Lapho ekhula alfalfa for kokudla kwezilwane ibanga sinciphile. Kahle - 11 cm.
2. Ukuze alfalfa, kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye isiko, wanika izithelo, idinga izimo ezifanele. izitshalo uqweqwe ungayeki yalokho okuhle. Ukuze uthole imbewu imigqa ukhulise kusukela 60 kuya ku-100 cm. It kwaqashelwa ukuthi neziqu baba mkhulu futhi uzinze ngokwengeziwe mayelana lo mthetho. Lesi sitshalo ngokwawo legatsha elihle ukuthi kwakhiwa inflorescences ezinkulu.
3. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ububanzi inter-irowu nalo kunqunywa izimo zezulu. Ezindaweni ezinesomiso ukuncoma imvamisa kwaphela ka emi amahlumela.
4. Ngezinye izikhathi uqweqwe izitshalo ngenxa ukungcoliswa eliphezulu Amasimu.
5. Lapho benakekela isiko athutha ukunweba indawo yezinto.

Ukuhlwanyela Lucerne ngaphansi ikhava

Podpokrovny zokutshala - kuyinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu kwezitshalo amasiko kusayithi efanayo. Podpokrovnym kubhekwa isitshalo, okuyinto uhlala ngemva kokuvuna ebusika main (enamathela). Buhle le ndlela - ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo zensimu.

Zokutshala. Eyenziwa ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Leli phephandaba esetshenziswa uMtshali zernotravjanogo. Lokhu kunciphisa inani imbewu njengoba isiko esemqoka kanye asizayo. Basuke kutshalwe ngesikhathi esifanayo, indlela yeselula. Izitshalo abasizi kukhona rye, i-oats, nokolweni. alfalfa zokutshala 1 ha yokucasha - 9 million imbewu efanelekayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kabanzi yiyona okuthiwa ukusikeka. Ingxube imbewu ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa 3 izinhlobo zezilimo. Ukuncintisana nozakwabo ngoba alfalfa kanye fescue kukhona Ostrets. Excellent it is kuhlangene clover elibomvu futhi uThimothewu. Seeding alfalfa ngayinye ehektheleni 1 e Izingxube herbal - imbewu ezingu-4.5 million.

Uyakukhathalela. yokuhlanza Yazisa of indaba enamathela okwengeziwe kunomthelela ukuthuthukiswa egcwele alfalfa.

Lapho ikhava is atshekile, kubalulekile ukuze kwenziwe umquba.

Umugqa Isikhala. On izinkambu manicured eshiya 20-22 cm ibanga phakathi imigqa.

Okubalulekile. It is nhlobo ukutshala alfalfa nge okusanhlamvu ebusika. Entwasahlobo abakuhlakulelayo ngokushesha kuliminyanise okuphakelayo kwezitshalo.

Ukuhoxa uyaca oluhlaza luncike kanjani ngokushesha alfalfa kuphazanyiswa ikhava izitshalo. Ngezinye izikhathi zinqanda ukukhula uhlelo impande kanye aboveground plant izingxenye. Ukuze uthole umphumela oyifunayo alfalfa imbewu izinga ngalinye 1 ha luyanda 20% kanye izinga amasiko concomitant kuyehla kube 50%.

alfalfa zokutshala ngaphandle kwesembozo

ukutshalwa Hlukanisa alfalfa ikhuthaza ukugcwala mningi utshani mass. Amahlumela uzizwe nenkululeko ethe xaxa futhi yakha band obukhulu. Kwezinye izindawo, ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle, ugunda mass oluhlaza senzeka ngezigaba eziningana. Le ndlela iphumelela lapho alfalfa Simila ngoba hay. Seeding alfalfa ngalinye 1 ha - 15 kg.

Zokutshala. Ekuqaleni entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokutshala alfalfa umhlaba ziphathwe yokubulala ukhula. Qiniseka ukuba afeze imisebenzi ku ukulungiswa inhlabathi nge trailer ngomshini.

Uyakukhathalela. Ingabe ikhishiwe ukhula. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela endaweni ringed Kwehla usebenzisa ezinamasondo. Nepepper lobuchwepheshe kudivayisi vspushivaet wangaphezulu. Ngemva kwale kwelashwa, inani ukhula kanye izinambuzane is kakhulu ziyancipha. Kamuva ukungenelela ukhula ugunda. It is ukusika emva lafinyelela ukuphakama ethile, ukuze singathwesi kubangele tinkhinga isiko eziyisisekelo.

Umugqa Isikhala. Kwezinye izindawo, wayekwenza ibanga phakathi imigqa 50 cm.

Ukusetshenziswa ikhava izitshalo

Ukuhlwanyela ikhava izitshalo - lena ngenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ukuvikela umhlabathi nokuwohloka kwesimiso. Kuye indawo amasimu ithonya isimo sezulu enhlabathini evundile izingqimba kuthinta izinhlobo ezahlukene ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi.

Ezindaweni nge ezomile kanye nokuntuleka izimila Amasimu yiyona evelele umoya ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi. Amanzi ashaya leli dwala evelele ezindaweni inamagquma lapho kukhona imvula ngokweqile.

Izinto ezenziwa abantu kunomthelela izinguquko ukwakheka kanye izinga kwenhlabathi. Century impumelelo zobuchwepheshe kuye kwafeza indima, yaba nomthelela omubi isimo ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali umhlaba. Ukumboza izitshalo herbal babe izakhiwo okuzivuselela.

Growing imbewu alfalfa

izazi zezolimo namahlathi abanolwazi bakholelwa ukuthi by ukwandisa isikhala alfalfa ezikhulayo ungakha inqolobane humus enhlabathini bese sandise namathuba. Lo mbono kungenxa yokuthi lokhu isiko uyakwazi ukulungisa nitrogen emoyeni. Izimpande kanye isivuno bola futhi enothisa kula masimu liyisici esidingekayo.

Inkinga ezivamile ukuntuleka imbewu ifolishi kwezitshalo. Abazalanisi zivame ukukhula zibe izinhlobo engcono alfalfa imbewu ngempumelelo enkulu.

Zokutshala. Okokuqala ukudala isikwele ekudleni okufaneleka kakhulu kunokunye. umquba phosphate zenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.

Uyakukhathalela. Phakathi luthela isenzo ngempumelelo has a isicelo foliar usebenzisa molybdenum futhi boron. Injongo eyinhloko kulesi sehlakalo - ukuvimbela ukuchitheka izimbali futhi pods. Ingabe ukusebenza ukuvikela izithombo kusuka nezilokazane ukhula. Kwandzisa linani zemvelo ezithutha impova.

Umugqa Isikhala. Osetshenziswayo shirokorjadnyj ukuhlwanyelwa. Phakathi imbewu zabiwa esingaphansi ukuhlwanyelwa ejwayelekile.

Ukuze uthole imbewu isiko esekhulile uncoated okuphakelayo indlela. amayunithi kwezigidi ezingu 4-5. - alfalfa zokutshala izinga ngalinye 1 ha. Le mali kuyasiza athole imiphumela emihle kwi ukwakheka ubhontshisi kanye imbewu ukuthola. Kwezinye izifunda, kanye zinomswakama omningi kanye kwezulu ezihlwanyelwe imbewu ngaphezulu isigamu.

Ukutshala alfalfa engadini

Abanikazi bomhlaba kanye endaweni enkulu alfalfa kutshalwa wedwa. Lokhu kwenziwa ngcono umhlabathi, noma ukuthola green umquba ingxube bese ingasetshenziswa njengoba semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla. Ukusiza abalimi iza isandla sokuprakthiza noma zonke izinhlobo trailer zihamba-ngemuva ugandaganda. Ezinye uphathe ukuhlwanyela ngesandla, by nombala ihlakaza kubo kusayithi. Nasi isibonelo ekhaya 2 zokutshala.

1. Seeding alfalfa ngalinye 1 ha ngesandla - 30 kg. imbewu imidumba exutshwe isihlabathi 1:20 chitha yonkana engadini. Kulokhu, balimi uncamela give up imigqa. Ukuhlanza mass oluhlaza ezivamile ahlabayo indlela wenziwa.
2. Nesishiyagalombili isikhwama nebhali 2 kg Lucerne exubile bese oswakanyiswe amanzi. Imbewu ethe njo nomunye. Zokuhlwanyela kwenziwa ngosizo kumadivayisi phezu tillers noma isandla umgxala. Ububanzi phakathi imigqa iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi imishini.

isiphetho

Ukuze uthole okungcono kakhulu alfalfa, kubalulekile ukutadisha izimfanelo amasiko ahlobene. Lezi zihlanganisa isikhathi nokuvuthwa, yokukhula nokukhula. ezolimo kokuLima izinga isilinganiso alfalfa imbewu 1 ha - amayunithi 6 million. noma 12 kg.