Ngobani amaKristu? Umlando ukuvelela ubuKristu

Isihloko elihlobene ne ukuvela owawukhona ngesikhathi samaKristu okuqala, ngempela ezithakazelisayo futhi ijulile. Zama njengoba lokhu kungaba ezingaphezu kuka halamuzi ku umbuzo, ababa amaKristu, futhi lapho yayikhona inkolo emhlabeni. Konke lokhu kwaqala izenzakalo Gospel, ne sekufikeni kweNkosi uJesu Kristu emhlabeni.

Ngobani amaKristu

AmaKristu - laba yibo abantu abakholelwa izimfundiso zikaJesu futhi uMesiya lokho okwase kuyisikhathi eside elindelwe ngubani weza ukuzosindisa abantu. UbuKristu - yisona esikhulunywa abantu abaningi futhi uchichima inani nabalandela izinkolo zezwe, eyaqala phezu emakholweni angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili.

AmaKristu okuqala efika ezweni asePalestina ekhulwini mina imvelo WamaJuda iTestamente Elidala ngokuthi ukunyakaza noMesiya zobuJuda. Ngezikhathi kumbusi waseRoma uNero , ubuKristu base washumayela izifundazwe okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma. Ukholo simile eTestamenteni Elidala yobuJuda.

AmaKristu okuqala

Iisus hristos basokwa, wavakashela esinagogeni ngeSabatha, waphawula Torah ngamaholide enkolo, ngokuvamile, wakhulela ungumJuda kweqiniso. Abafundi bakhe, kamuva ababa abaphostoli babengamaJuda. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu nengxenye ngemva kokufa kukaStefanu wokuqala, futhi ngemva kokubethelwa kukaJesu yaqala ukusakaza ubuKristu eZweni Elingcwele futhi kuwo wonke uMbuso WaseRoma.

Kusukela umbhalo Gospel yezEnzo igama elithi "umKristu" yaqale kuboniswa, futhi bechaza ngokuthi "abantu, abasekeli lolu kholo olusha e-Antiyokiya" (yaseSiriya-Hellenistic edolobheni mina ekhulwini).

Ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka embalwa, lenqwaba abalandeli okholweni. Lawa kwakungamadodana AmaKristu okuqala ase-zabezizwe ezaziphakamisa senibe, sibonga kakhulu kuPawulu.

Umyalo owakhishwa Milan

Njengoba abaningi njengoba amakhulu eminyaka emithathu, ayeshushisa amaKristu futhi badumale nokufel 'ukholo, uma abazange bazilahle izimfundiso zikaJesu futhi benqaba ukunikela ngomhlatshelo ezithombeni yobuqaba.

Umangele obani abangamaKristu, mangisho ukuthi ubuKristu njengenkolo isimo sayo saqale evunyiwe ku Armenia Omkhulu ngonyaka 301. Ngonyaka ka-313, kube sasayinwa iSimemezelo Milan. Le ncwadi uphakamise futhi baseRoma UConstantine Licinius. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we kwakungumzuzu osemqoka endleleni ukwamukelwa kobuKristu njengenkolo engokomthetho ezingxenyeni ezikude zombuso.

Ukuze V leminyaka ubuKristu ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi WamaRoma kamuva ihogela ithonya namasiko Armenia, e-Ethiopia, empumalanga-Aram, engxenyeni nenkulungwane yokuqala yeminyaka yesibili, kwaphenduka izizwe zamaJalimane kanye Slavic. Futhi kamuva, kusukela XIII ukuze XIV ekhulwini - izizwe Finnish futhi aseBaltic. Ezikhathini zanamuhla futhi wesimanje kuyinto European ubuKristu babanda ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli futhi bemisa amakoloni.

yokuhlukanisa ibandla lika Krestu

Ngo isihloko esithi "Ungubani isidingo amaKristu 'ukubalula yokuthi uqhekeko kwenzeka ngo 1054: ukuhlukaniswa isonto lobuKristu lihlukane libe iSonto Lobu-Orthodox futhi yamaKatolika. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, lona wamuva ngenxa ukunyakaza Yezinguquko yangekhulu XVI kumiswa igatsha amaProthestani. Orthodox kube yilolu suku aye wasigcina ubunye baso isihlobo. Ngakho, kukhona amahlelo ezintathu ezinkulu Christian: Orthodox, amaKatolika namaProthestani.

ISonto LamaRoma Katolika isibe umzimba owodwa, elawulwa kusuka isikhungo ezivamile - iVatican. Kodwa amabandla amaningi Orthodox, enkulu kunazo zonke kubo - Russian. Phakathi kwabo kukhona wenhlanganyelo, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka izimfundiso ngokuhlanganyela.

Kepha EsengamaProthestani, lena sekuyindlela orientation okucebile Christian, esakhiwa inani elikhulu amahlelo ezimele ne degree of ukuqashelwa obuhlukahlukene ngamanye izinkolo yobuKristu.

Russian-orthodox

Ngekhulu IX amaKristu obu-Orthodox uvele Russia. Ukusondela ukuba anamandla ithonya WaseByzantium ngale nqubo. abashumayeli Okokuqala waqala Kirill mina Mefody, ababekwa bazibandakanya emsebenzini owodwa owenziwe zemfundo.

Futhi, abhapathiziwe inkosazana lokuqala Kievan Olga (e 954), kwalandela umzukulu wakhe, Prince uVladimir wabhapathizwa Rus (988).

Igama elithi "yenkolelo" lihunyushwa lisuselwa esiGrekini ngokuthi "imfundiso elungile", "ukwahlulela" noma "slavlenie" ( "udumo"). ERussia, ukusetshenziswa bokuqala izwi ngokubhala itholwe ngowokuqala Russian Metropolitan uHilarion (1037 -. Iminyaka 1050) ku "INtshumayelo Law noGrace". Kodwa igama elithi "iSonto Lobu-Orthodox" zaqala ukusetshenziswa ngolimi olusemthethweni elifundisayo leSonto Russia ekupheleni kwekhulu XIV futhi limatasa esetshenziswa ekhulwini XVI.