Meningitis enkulisa: lokho indlela ungenwe kanjani ukuvimbela isifo?

Meningitis ngokuthi isifo esibi lapho ukuvuvukala wadalula asebuchosheni nomgogodla. Ngokuthi lesi sifo ngokudipha amagciwane eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, kungase igciwane noma igciwane, ukhunta.

Ukwaba meningitis eyinhloko, lapho isifo ifomu ezimele futhi kungenzeka ibangelwa igciwane noma amagciwane (ikakhulukazi meningococcus noma haemophilus influenzae). Bavame uhlushwa izingane, intsha, abadala. Kukhona meningitis yesibili, okuyinto ayinakho umehluko ezihlobene nokukhula. Kwenzeka njengoba kwetintfo izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (isimungumungwane, varicella, mumps, rubella) noma ubovu (otitis, sinusitis, sepsis). Meningitis enkulisa - inqubo primary, futhi kaningi ke kubangelwa bumane nje meningococcus. Meningococcal meningitis kuyindlela ukutheleleka.

Kuyini isifo meningococcal?

Lesi sifo sibangelwa ngumuntu bacterium, olungena kusukela komunye umuntu nge amaconsi sisemoyeni. Lokhu bacterium esithathelanayo kakhulu, kodwa sifo iyafa ngokushesha emoyeni cool, ngakho okuvela nokuqubuka kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa sisondelene noma abantu abakhuluphele endlini efudumele.

U-80% amacala meningitis eyinhloko ehlangene meningococcus, kanye namafomu ezinzima zenzeka cishe njalo izingane kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuphila (izingane izinyanga 6-10 bavikelekile amagciwane amasosha omzimba komama) noma izingane ngenxa yokuthi bengakabi kwadingeka isikhathi ukuthuthukisa amasosha omzimba kuwo . Ngakho-ke, meningococcal meningitis uye ibizwa ngokuthi "meningitis izingane" (ngaphambi kwaba ngenxa infectiousness ngokuthi ubhubhane cerebrospinal).

Minyaka yonke, kukhona amacala ngabanye ukutheleleka meningococcal ke aqoshiwe iqembu meningococcal B. Kodwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu noma emine kukhona kubheduke meningitis kubangelwa iqembu meningococcal A kubhubhane Kuvame kakhulu ebusika futhi entwasahlobo, okuyinto ehlangene ukwehla jikelele amasosha omzimba isikhathi, kanye neqiniso lokuthi ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka, izingane neze ukuhamba futhi endlini.

Kukhona izinhlobo eziningana ukutheleleka meningococcal. I esiyingozi iningi labo ngokuya infectiousness:

- ukuthutha, lapho umuntu angabi nomuzwa ogulayo ngesikhathi esifanayo ngenkuthalo emasontweni 2-4 ngemagciwane sisemoyeni;

- nasopharyngitis meningococcal, okuyinto okulula ukuyiphatha, ngokuvamile hhayi zingatholakalanga njengoba afana ejwayelekile SARS.

Ezinye izinhlobo izifo ezisongela ukuphila. It meningitis (noma meningoencephalitis) kanye septicemia meningococcal (meningococcemia). Meningitis enkulisa, odalwe lolu igciwane kungaqali ngempela ogeleza usuka ukuqubuka, ngakho asikho isidingo ukulinda ukubukeka kwakhe. Kanye okuvela kuyo i ukuqubuka engavamile ngisho ngaphandle nezinye izimpawu kuba isizathu ucingo "ambulensi" (hhayi wezingane, okungukuthi, "ER", njengoba ngezinye izikhathi amaphuzu iya amaminithi).

Kanjani meningococcal meningitis?

Lesi sifo cishe njalo iqala babazi, kodwa zingase futhi zibe njengoba izinkinga zokwenza nasopharyngitis meningococcal, khona-ke kutawentiwa imfiva omnene, amakhala yisisu, umphimbo obuhlungu futhi kukhathaze. Izimpawu zokuqala - kuyinto ubuhlungu bekhanda, okuyinto eyenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa izinombolo eliphezulu. Futhi avele ukuhlanza (wayevame okuphindaphindiwe, ngemva kuba lula), photophobia. isikhumba Ukwandiswa luvelo touch ezivamile (beqala ibakhathaze). Meningitis ingaqala ngokushesha lapho ukubukeka ikhanda ezinzima ukuze ukwazi kahle kuthatha amahora 2-3 kuphela, kodwa kungathatha indawo kancane.

Ukudideka ngokuvamile selivela block, okuyinto siya somnolence, ingane iba nzima ukuvusa. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo kwandulelwe Ukudlikizela (yesikhathi esifushane neyezinto eside nge ukwazi kahle), ngezinye izikhathi - isasasa ukunganeli ingane.

Ukuqubuka - hhayi isici saziso. Uma isifo meningococcal izakhi ukuqubuka cishe njalo izici ezilandelayo:

- umbala omnyama;

- plotnovata touch, kubonakala ukuthi aphume ashone ngaphezu ebusweni isikhumba;

- ngokuvamile ziqala ukuvela phezu izandla, izinyawo, imilenze, izingalo, izibunu, isiqu kanye nenhloko - ke;

- ifomu - eduze ukuma inkanyezi;

- kungenzeka izindawo necrosis;

- ukuqubuka ingavuli ugodo lapho ngokucindezela kuso nge ingilazi noma isikhumba welulela ngaphansi.

Ngisho noma azikho izimpawu, ukuqubuka nje engaqondakali uvele on ngemuva izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, futhi akusiyo olufana negazi lakho, kuba isikhathi ukubiza "ambulensi."

Kanjani ukuba "catch" meningitis enkulisa?

100% walesi sifo ayikwazi ukulondolozwa. Kodwa uma inhliziyo yengane, ungakhohlwa mayelana edonsa zokuvimbela amavithamini phakathi nenkathi ebandayo, ngokushesha uxhumane nodokotela wezingane Laura noma izifo ezithathelwanayo uma ukhwehlela, isikhwehlela nezinye izimpawu SARS, kungenzeka ukuvimbela nasopharyngeal meningococcal endaweni ethile ngokwengeziwe. Uma kutholakala engadini ukutheleleka meningococcal, kubalulekile ukuba uthintane nge ezithathelwanayo isifo Uchwepheshe mayelana imithi elwa namagciwane prophylactic (mhlawumbe kunengqondo ukuletha isivuno kuya nasopharynx). Zonke abadala uma kwenzeka izibonakaliso SARS ngesikhathi ingane ukuhamba buso.

Ubanikeza isiqinisekiso enkulu yokugoma ngokumelene meningococcus, okuyinto kungenziwa kuphela izingane ezindala kuka kweminyaka emibili, njalo eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine (kuye ngokuthi umuthi). Ngemva lokugoma, ngokuvamile kuphela waphawula ukuphendula zendawo imfiva kungakapheli amahora 36 (Likhuluma kumiswa amasosha omzimba).

Ikakhulukazi kuboniswe umuthi wokugoma ukuze izingane unezinkinga uyisithulu isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, njengoba beye benza enkulisa meningitis eba avame.