Megacities Russia

Megacities kukhona zasemizaneni isibalo abahlali ezingaphezu kuka abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi emhlabeni wonke of 326 (50 okuyizinto China). I Russian Federation kuyinto emadolobheni 1100, abangu-15 babo kukhona nezakhamuzi ngaphezu kwesigidi ekhaya. Lolu hlu ekupheleni 2012 wanezela Voronezh. Futhi megacities lokuqala kakhulu Russia - Petersburg naseMoscow. isimo esinjalo ababenakho ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho kwaba nomphumela ukufuduka kwabantu beya emadolobheni yezwe emva ukuqedwa ka serfdom, ukuthuthukiswa umkhakha, ezohwebo kanye ezokuthutha.

Megacities eRussia ayizindawo eyinhloko okuhlushwa Luhambo zomsebenzi, abantu, amasiko, zezimboni, imithombo kwezomnotho kanye izikhungo ukuthuthuka komnotho kanye nomphakathi ukuze esifundeni noma angomakhelwane izifunda. Ezinye zazo (futhi baseMoscow eduze imingcele nesimo) uhlinzeke ezinhle ithuba emisebenzi kanye yokuhlala Asia futhi izwe elaliyiSoviet Union ngaphambili. Ukubaluleka kwala imiphakathi akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni sabantu kodwa futhi nezinye izinto: ezingeni engenayo abahlali, imininingwane kwamasiko kanye nezomnotho ezifundeni angomakhelwane, okuyiwona megacities kukhona izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme, isiko, ezokuthutha, ukuhweba, Logistics nokunye. n.

Ngo-USSR, idolobha elikhulu, baba nelungelo: ilungelo ukwakha esitimeleni, unelungelo nezinye izinsiza kanye izimpahla zomphakathi. Kodwa kungenzeka futhi ukuze sokulungiselela kwawo akuxhomekile kuphela iziqondiso Planning Commission State, kodwa futhi ku ubudlelwane lolungakahleleki nezinhloko neziphathimandla central esifundeni. Ngemva kokuwa we-Union of megacities nazo banikezwe sengqondo olukhethekile uhulumeni - uhlelo State yokwakhiwa ongaphansi komhlaba, kwenyuswe ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda yomgwaqo kanye nezinye amaphrojekthi kahulumeni. Ziyakwazi izimakethe ngobukhulu ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane lesilungele utshalomali ezihlobene ukukhiqizwa ezidayiswayo, amasevisi kanye ukuhweba. Ngakho-ke, nomthengisi, opharetha, service izikhungo, amahhovisi kanye namabhange, amaketanga okudayisa ukuthengisa izinto uvele ikakhulukazi emadolobheni amakhulu.

Namuhla, eMoscow kuphela kwezintathu (izigidi ezingu-12. Izakhamuzi) kanye Petersburg (mayelana 5 million. Izakhamuzi) yidolobha-multimillionaires. Asele lamadolobha amakhulu nantathu linabantu isigidi sabantu esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezimbili. Ubuningi obukhulu kunabo bonke yisigidi ise iVolga esifundeni naseSiberia. Uhlu megacities by izifunda federal simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• IVolga Federal District - Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Volgograd, Ufa, Perm ;
• ESiberia Federal District - Omsk, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk;
• RPO - Chelyabinsk, Ekaterinburg, iRashiya;
• Southern Federal District - Volgograd, Rostov-on-Don;
• CFA - Voronezh, eMoscow;
• SZFO- Petersburg;
• North-Caucasus Federal District - 0;
• DFO - 0.

Futhi secrete submillionery-idolobha elinabantu obuyizinkulungwane 700. Abantu. kuya ku-1 million. keli. - Saratov, Krasnodar futhi Tolyatti. ERussia kukhona 22 agglomerations (cluster zasemizaneni), okuyizinto abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi ekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalezi 15 amadolobha amakhulu lapha zihlanganisa amayunithi okulandelayo indawo: Krasnodar, Saratov, Novokuznetsk, Tula, Novomoskovsk, Vladivostok, Chelny, e-Irkutsk. Abanye ochwepheshe ubheke agglomeration enkulu ngesikhathi Bryansk, Yaroslavl, Izhevsk.