Manor Rukavishnikova, Nizhny Novgorod. Yini ukubona e Nizhny Novgorod

Yini ukubona e Nizhny Novgorod, ngokuningiliziwe inkulumo wabahlinzeki, abaqondisi kanye izincwajana travel ejensi eziningi. Elinye lamadolobha amadala kakhulu eYurophu, edonsa izivakashi abaningi njalo ngonyaka. Umlando Nizhny Novgorod ithakazelisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi emakhasini ezihambisana ngabathengisi.

igama ezidumile

Isibongo Rukavishnikov eRussia kahle eyaziwa - isicebi abanomusa, abalobi, izimbongi, abadwebi, astronaut. Ezikhathini tsarist kwakukhona uhlanga lwamakhosi okungenani ababili abaziwayo, omunye wabo Nizhny Novgorod. Zayishiya memory hhayi kuphela ezincwadini futhi izincwadi. Kube enhle Manor Rukavishnikova. Nizhny Novgorod ezakhelene yabo (e Podvyaze emzaneni Bogorodskoye wesifunda) Akekho omunye izindlu ukuthi iqanjwe lwamakhosi, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi somlando yobuciko. Ngokusobala, kungenzeka ucacise, ngalokho ncamashi inxuluma embuzweni abakaki ukhombise umuzi noma umzana lapho itholakala.

"Kusukela ukungcola - lengcebo"

Dynasty Rukavishnikov ephathelene Nizhny Novgorod, waqala noMichael G. (1811-1874), owayeyilungu inhlangano yomthengisi ngase ngiyingxenye iKomidi Trustees emajele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena waklonyeliswa zokuhlonipha isihloko silwenza umeluleki, okuyinto kwakuhambelana nokuka ekilasini VIII ethebuleni ezingeni futhi wanika ilungelo lokuyithola njengefa izikhulu (Michael G. Umkhulu wayengumJuda elula serf, ababenze kokuqala dolobha ngenxa yayo nokucija). Ukhishwa isihloko nezimboni ezinkulu Russian futhi abathengisi. Ngokusho kwabanye, umsunguli we lwamakhosi kwaba umnikazi we lokuqala kuleli dolobha futhi ezinkulu steel isitshalo usurer-percenter.

Kuyinto abantu abaningi ababebonisa isithakazelo

Ngenxa yalokho yalolu hlobo lomnotho umsebenzi wayo wona 1740 ukuze izikweletu wangenela inxuluma yomthengisi inhlangano Serapion Vezlomtseva III, okuyinto esikhathini sethu njengoba Museum-estate Rukavishnikov ezaziwayo. Nizhny Novgorod lingumuzi yesihlanu esikhulu kunazo zonke eRussia futhi ngalezo zinsuku kwakungelona edolobheni yesifundazwe. abathengisi Novgorod ngisho III inhlangano ungakwazi ukukhokhela izindlu lapho iminyaka engu-37 kamuva bayophila ocebile edolobheni. Omunye wamadodana, ayeyile ezinyathelweni zikayise, okungukuthi Sergey Mihaylovich Rukavishnikov, ekubeni usozimali hhayi kuphela, futhi omunye abacebe kunabo bonke e-Russia, wanquma ukwakha kabusha indlu, ukuyivala esigodlweni.

"Ngokwe-yomthengisi umkhiqizo"

Ngenxa yale njongo, umakhi wamenywa PS Fighters, futhi kusukela Petersburg uphumile umculi i-MO Mikeshin, onguchwepheshe izigodi esigodlweni design. Umgomo isethelwe amakhosi - kakhulu ukukhombisa futhi ukugcizelela amakhono namandla yomnikazi. wings Attached futhi lakha esitezi sesithathu nge endlini amadala ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala amakamelo 50, obekungadala ukuphila umndeni wabantu 8. Umgomo yafinyelelwa, lena inxuluma phezu Upper iVolga yashayisa unqenqema, eyaziwa ngokuthi Finca Rukavishnikova (Nizhniy Novgorod) iminyaka eminingi (isethulo senzeka ngo-1877) yaba indlu eziwubukhazikhazi kakhulu emzini, abadumile ngalé the Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni.

Okunethezeka self-isiqinisekiso

Isigodlo kungaqali wawungaphansi abafo dolobha. Kube konke ehlanganiswe okunethezeka - zemabula ezitebhisini kanye Atlanteans, ukusekela kuvulandi, kuvulandi nge umthombo kanye ababekuvulande okuholela ngokujoyina phambili yiphansi lendlu ezimbili storey itshe nekamelo yesibili. Olungaphambili lwesonto ehlotshisiwe impumuzo okusezingeni eliphezulu (indiza sibalo ukhonza abangaphezu kwesigamu umthamo) yesithombe caryatids udini ocebile nokudweba. Kusukela esigodlweni umbala bomdabu kanye ezimbili-tone, okumhlophe nokuluhlaza yakhe. Ngisho enhloko-dolobha waxoxa jikelele ubuqotho kwezobuciko inxuluma, high izinga yobuhle Interiors, kuphela zikanokusho ukujula isakhiwo, izici yalo yayenziwe. Ngamafuphi, izindlu Rukavishnikov (Nizhny Novgorod) saba 'egudwini. "

"Sizobe zihambe ngenye indlela ..."

Nokho, uSergei Mikhailovich amadodana, u-Ivan Mitrofan, owakhulela kuleli sokunethezeka, hhayi kuphela ukuthi akazange ulandele izinyathelo zikayise (eyaba umbhali, nabanye umbazi), kusukela ngosuku lokuqala kubo, umbhali kanye symbolist imbongi, wabhala inoveli "esiqalekisweni uhlobo lwe", okuyinto eyaba njengoba wayethi manje, ethengiswa kakhulu kunazo wancishwa yefa lakhe million. Ivan Rukavishnikov sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi phakathi izimbongi we Isiliva Ubudala "master Triolet" (inkondlo amavesi abayisishagalombili imilolotelo amabili), kahle, ukuthi akuyona yomthengisi. Umfowabo Mitrofan, owaba umqophi abadumile, ezazidume ngokutshala yokuthi kanye Koltsov imiklamo siqu ekhiqizwa usimende izibalo we Muses ngokuba niches we Bolshoi Theatre ngemva kokubhujiswa kwalo ngo-1942 ngenxa amabhomu falling.

House-lesikhumbuzo

Umndeni behlukana, futhi endlini wasala, ngisho Kulimale inguquko, futhi ngo-1924, inxuluma baba ekwehleleni ngesikhathi Nizhny Novgorod Museum kwesifunda futhi akazange aguquke kulokho izandla. Ngaphandle-ke iqanjwe kabusha Nizhny Novgorod State lomlando Architectural Museum-Reserve. Iminyaka yokwakha kabusha akophulwanga esesifubeni sakhe - kusukela ngo-1994 e engaphezu kwengu-16 inxuluma yavalwa. Futhi manje, ngendlela enhle kakhulu alungisa ngo-2010, ivula iminyango yayo izivakashi, futhi uye waba omunye ezikhangayo esemqoka yedolobha. Abantu bakubiza Rukavishnikov Museum, ngoba Mitrofan, no-Ivan Sergeyevich benza konke ababengakwenza ukuze uyivule ngo-1896 (kuqala ku Dmitriev embhoshongweni ezibiyele). Njengoba injalo manje e yonke inkazimulo yayo inxuluma abuyiselwe kuyinto kakhulu kahle walondoloza ezinkulu ezisemadolobheni Manor eziyinkimbinkimbi okuqondene yesithathu yokugcina yekhulu XIX. amaqoqo zayo abale amakhophi ayinkulungwane 300, zanqwabelana phezu emlandweni weminyaka engu-100 cishe, futhi amagatsha 8 chithi saka endaweni.

"... Kulungile eh il kwezilwandle ezimbi, kanti ezinye ekukhanyeni kuyisimangaliso ..."

Indlu Manor kuyinto Rukavishnikova (Nizhny Novgorod) kuyinto inkumbulo abathengisi yimpumelelo futhi - kuwo wonke amagumbi njalo kuyinto embukisweni okuthiwa "ebonisa ukuthi zamukelekile ukuba ngidayisa wakhe ...." Yiqiniso, lezi zindlu kwakufanele alandele imali yokuqhuba ibhizinisi kanye nesikhundla yomnikazi emphakathini. Lo mbukiso isitshela indaba bhá abathengisi Novgorod kanye osomabhizinisi - Kamensky, Sirotkin futhi Rukavishnikov. abathengisi Russian (ikakhulukazi Novgorod) wayedume njalo. It wayecula epics (edume yomthengisi Novgorod Sadko). Ngokuvamile, abathengisi kanye osomaqhinga wavakashela amaphayona (Athanasius Nikitin), ngokuvamile abashisekeli (Tretyakov, Morozov futhi Shchukin abafowethu - bonke ababenezifo ezithile beza kusukela kubathengisi, noma "umbuso omnyama" ka Dobroliubov).

Esinye, ifa engengaphansi abadumile

Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, esifundeni Novgorod lalingesinye inxuluma Rukavishnikov. Podvyaze - idolobhana elise 15 km kusuka isikhungo esifundeni Bogorodsk. Indaba ukubukeka wakhe wokugcina kuyafana ukuthi enye ingxenye yomuzi. "Millionaire" Sergey Rukavishnikov othenga Priklonskii izindlu gentry futhi kabusha ngokwenqubo isimo sazo sengqondo. Kodwa kwathi hhayi kanye, kodwa kuphela ngo-1879. Okungukuthi, kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVI ingeyamakhosi boyars Skolkovo, umninikhaya wokuqala uhlobo lwe Priklonskii kwaba Mikhail Vasilievich, ekhulwini XVIII kwaba umqondisi eMoscow University, futhi indlovukazi yakhe yakamuva (owesifazane akuyona abampofu, umyeni wakhe Kozlov ukuncintisana umakhelwane International) ezinekhono zenqaba ingcaca ukuqala ukudayisa " isidleke yizicukuthwane "inzalo oyisicashalala.

into Handsome, bakhathala sokulinda sokubuyiselwa

Manor Rukavishnikov (bogorodsky wesifunda) akuyona ngaphansi ezidumile kuka ifa Elingenhla iVolga yashayisa unqenqema. Glorious umndeni Russian yizicukuthwane Priklonskii, phakathi okwakukhona kulo Decembrists, wahlala emlandweni ifa, okuthiwa - Manor Priklonskii-Rukavishnikov. Ngakho, behlonipha ukunqoba Napoleon endaweni ye ke yomnikazi isidleke umndeni Yakhiwa Andreem Priklonskim engajwayelekile Orthodox ethempelini Rotunda. Nokho, umnikazi omusha, ukukhumbula ukweyisa olwehlela naye, ngesifo shanela yakhe evamile cishe zonke kabusha. Mayelana engavamile okunethezeka Manor uthi okungenani yokuthi. Kwakukhona zokugcina ezine, ayihlomele ngokuvumelana namakhono yakamuva zesayensi lobuchwepheshe isikhathi. Nomona bonke omakhelwane, ikakhulukazi sezolimo namahlathi owaziwa, umfuyi AV Portugalova lapha wakhula izithelo esiyinqaba nemifino. Manje lokhu inxuluma eliyingqayizivele futhi fabulous (okuyinto kuyabonakala noma nge trifle ezifana izinsalela isango layo elikhulu) elinde ekululameni kwakhe.

Ikhasi Soviet

Ngaphezu Holdings edume abathengisi Rukavishnikov, kukhona okuningi ngalokho ukubona e Nizhny Novgorod uyisidingo. Kwamenywa izinto ezithakazelisayo nsuku zonke wavakashelwa izinkulungwane zezivakashi. Lokhu House sikaPeter Omkhulu futhi "Indlu Kashirina" ezichazwe "Ukukhuluphala" Gorky, Cathedral Uyingelosi Enkulu UMikayeli kanye Nizhny Novgorod ezibiyele, eminyuziyamu Nizhny Novgorod nezihlakaniphi futhi River Fleet, Sakharov futhi Nizhny Novgorod Art. Kukhona amatshe ezikhumbuzo Chkalov, Evstigneev, Minin futhi Pozharsky. Futhi-ke, e-Nizhny Novgorod kubangelwe Maxim Gorky, ogama lakhe edolobheni egqoka kusukela ngo-1932 kuya ku-1990. "Ngaphansi emzini Gorky, lapho Zorka kucace ..." - ngisho isizukulwane samanje ujwayelene lo mugqa kusuka ingoma ethandwa esisodwa. Kodwa inkazimulo Nizhny Novgorod ngokomzwelo lizwe eside ngaphambi kokuzalwa umbhali omkhulu yesigaba sabasebenzi.

Indawo eyingqayizivele

Kukhona ukubona e Nizhny Novgorod - based Yuri Vsevolodovich, Prince uVladimir, e 1221 njengoba izinqaba ngesikhathi confluence eVolga kanye Oka, nomuzi wawungowegolide sekungamakhulu eminyaka ngobukhulu Sekutsenga eRussia. Novgorod Fair isibe odumile kuyo yonke le minyaka - kulapha lapho ukunquma amanani kwezimpahla tradable. Inzuzo undoubted yedolobha ngenxa isikhundla salo indawo (historical ingxenye isendaweni Dyatlov ezintabeni, esinqeni okuyinto Umcibisholo - confluence we iVolga and Oka) kuyinto zama-panorama. Ukubuyekezwa kwe-80-imitha ukuphakama yenza kungenzeka ubunyoninco esiyingqayizivele buka, okuhamba phambili kwe-okuyinto evulekile ngaphakathi ezibiyele futhi kusukela "Alley Onothando", losendzaweni azungeze yayo ipherimitha, ngokungaphezulu Upper iVolga yashayisa unqenqema kanye "Switzerland" yaleli paki. Umuzi omuhle. Mayelana nalokhu, cishe 800 iminyaka, umlando walo ukutshela abaningi eliganukejako Nizhny Novgorod. Isithombe sibaningi amelwe kwimithombo ehlukahlukene, hhayi bambalala yimuphi amagumbi lo muzi edume futhi ubonise ubuhle bayo basendulo nabanamuhla ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.