Manor Almazovo, eMoscow: incazelo, izinto, umlando kanye namaqiniso athakazelisayo

Emadolobheni kukhona izindawo eziningi ezifanele ukuvakashela nokutadisha. Uma kuziwa embuzweni wokuthi kuyathakazelisa kanjani ukuchitha ngempelasonto, khona-ke kufanelekile ukukhumbula le ndawo. Indawo i-Almazovo (isifunda saseMoscow) yindawo enomlando omude nesithakazelisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapha kumnandi ukuchitha isikhathi emvelweni, ukuhlonipha i-classic "suburban landscape" nokuphumula endaweni edolobheni elikhulu.

Umlando wendalo

Engxenyeni yesifunda samanje seShchelkovo, endaweni engumlando ebizwa ngokuthi "ihlane lase-Oshitko", i-Almazovo yendawo yasendulo ikhona. Indawo yesikhathi eside yayisisithulu, ihlathi elinamantundu elinamahlumela nezinsizane ezingenakwenzeka. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-17, uTshay Mikhail Fedorovich wabeka leli zwe kubalingani bakhe-emndenini ka-Elizarov, Osip noMikhail. Khona-ke ukuthuthukiswa kwale ndawo kwaqala. Umkhwenyana kaYelizarov ogama lakhe lingu-Almazov wakha isonto lokuqala lezinkuni e-Oshitko ngokuhlonipha uSergiy Radonezhsky, umlamuleli wezwe laseRussia. Ngama-1830 isonto lezinkuni lafakwa esikhundleni sesonto lamatshe, futhi leli dolobha laqanjwa ngokuthi uSergievskoe.

Abanikazi

Igama lakhe laliyifa le-Almazovo ehlonishwa ngu-Ivan Almazov, owayephethe lawo mazwe phakathi nekhulu le-18. Kodwa abanikazi abadume kakhulu befa, ngaphansi kwazo lapho ziqhakaza khona, kuyoba yinkosi kaDemidov. Ngo-1753 umzana wawutholwa yi-Nikita Demidov odumile. Ubukhosi bamaDemidovs buyaziwa ngemisebenzi yayo yokuhweba nokuphatha. Okhokho bomndeni kwakungumsizi uDemid Antyufeev. Indodana yakhe, uNicita Demidov, yayinkosi yezikhali, ephethe amakhono akhe namakhono akhe, yafinyelela phezulu ekubuseni komphakathi. Waba ukhokho wendabuko yamayini eMigodi, wayeyazi kahle uPetru Omkhulu. Umsebenzi wakhe waholela ekutheni udluliselwe esifundeni sezwe saseNevyansky, okwakhiwa iminyaka eminingana emabhizinisini akwenza kahle kakhulu futhi anenzuzo kulo mbuso. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe imboni yezimayini, uDemidov wanikezwa isihloko senkosikazi. Umzukulu kaNicita Demidov odumile, igama lakhe eligcwele, waba ngumnikazi we-Almazovo. Wayeyaziwa njengomthandi omkhulu wesayensi nobuciko, umphathi omkhulu kanye nosomabhizinisi onamandla. Phakathi neminyaka yabaphathi, isimo seDemidovs 'sakhulile izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-1.5. Ngamandla akhe nobuciko bakhe, uDemidov wathatha ilungiselelo lefa elithengiwe. Waya yonke imininingwane yesakhiwo, abalimi babengakwazi ngisho nokusika noma ukutshala umuthi ngaphandle kolwazi lwakhe.

Izakhiwo

Indawo ye-Almazovo yayisezinkuni, endaweni egwadule kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala abakhi kumele baqede umhlaba, banqume ingxenye yehlathi ukuze basuse indawo yezinhlelo ezinkulu zika Nikita Demidov. Futhi wayefuna ukwakha indlu enkulu nepaki eseduze, eyanikeza imigodi, amachibi neziqhingi. Ephefumulelwe yinjini yezimayini, empeleni, imibono yaseVenice. Ngomsebenzi, wabiza umqashi odumile waseSwitzerland u-Domenico Gilardi. Umakhi wezakhiwo wakha okuningi futhi enenzuzo eMoscow, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokubhujiswa kuka-1812. Wayejwayele kakhulu ukwakha izakhiwo zaseVenice futhi ngenkuthalo waqala ukubonakaliswa kwephupho likaDemidov. Le phrojekthi ngenxa yobubanzi bokuklama kanye nobunzima bemisebenzi ezayo kwakuyi-holder-recorder ngokoqobo, ngoba i-Demidov yaba uhlobo lwesibonakaliso sobuqhawe. Nakuba impahla eyinhloko yendawo yayiyipaki, indlu yayisakhiwo esikhulu. Indlu yefulethi yenzelwe isitayela seMbuso nge-portico enamandla emakholomu amabili, amafasitela esakhiwa ahlotshiswe nge-ochelium emhlophe kanye nefasitela elinezingqungquthela. Esinye isimpawu esithakazelisayo sefa kwakuyithempeli, esakhiwe ngenhlonipho yokunqoba uNapoleon. Isakhiwo senziwe ngesitayela se-classicism, izindonga zihlotshiswe ngemidwebo ye-fresco, ibhotela elide eliphakeme elinamathele amathathu laphela nge-spire enhle. I-iconostasis yesonto yayingcwelisiwe ngenhlonipho yesithombe sikaMama kaNkulunkulu kaKazan, elinye isonto lalingcweliswa ngenhlonipho kaNicholas the Wonderworker, okwesibili - ngokuhlonishwa kukaSergius waseRadonezh.

I-Manor Park

Into esemqoka mayelana nefa elidumile lase-Almazovo laliyipaki. Uhlelo lwakhe lwalukhulu kakhulu. Ukwakhiwa kwakhiwe ngokuphathelene nomzila oqondile wezingamamitha angu-700 ubude. Ezingxenyeni zalo kukhona isonto, izitezi, izakhiwo ezahlukene. Isiteshi saqala eduze nedamu elincane futhi laphela ngekhulu elikhulu. Maphakathi nesiteshi kwakhiwa isiqhingi saseLebyazhy ngesimo sehektare. "Imikhono" emibili yaholela endlini yenkosi, isonto, amaphiko ezivakashi, amakamelo ezinceku nezindawo zehhovisi zazikhona emabhange. Kusuka kumzila omkhulu, iziteshi ezincane zahlukanisa, eziholela eziqhingini ngezinhloso ezahlukene. Kwesinye sazo kwakuyinsimu yezithelo ezinhle, i-greenhouse. Izindawo ezihlangene zazihlotshiswe ngezindlela zokuhamba, ezihlotshiswe ngemibhede yemifula, emaphakathini kanye ne-rotundas yokuphumula, ama-picnics, ama-tea party, i-alley enhle eholela esakhiweni esikhulu. Izitshalo eziningi ezithakazelisayo zatshalwe epaki, uDemidov wayefisa ukudala isimo se "Garden of Eden", lapha kwakuhlwanyelwe ihlathi elikhazimulayo, ihlathi le-oki, inhlanzi "yesiNgisi" yahlwanyelwa.

"Ukuphila" kwefa

Ngomnyaka we-1813 le ndawo yayithole ukubonakala okuphelele, nakuba umsebenzi wokuthuthukiswa waqhubeka iminyaka eminingi. U-Demidov wachitha isikhathi esincane kule ndawo, wayematasa kakhulu ebhizinisini, ezindabeni zokuphatha. Walungiselela imikhosi enomsindo, izidlo, nezivakashi ezimangalisayo ngezinga elikhulu nomcabango. Ama-Aristocracy agijima ngentshiseko emifuleni, ahamba epaki futhi ajabulela ubuhle bemvelo. Kodwa "iminyaka yobudala" ye-Almazovo ayizange ihlale isikhathi eside, phakathi nawo-1830 uNicita Akinfievich wathengisa inzalo yakhe. Abaphathi abathintekayo abazange nje baqhubeke nokukwakhiwa, kodwa futhi abazange bagcine ipaki ngesimo esifanele. Lokhu kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi lezi ziqhingi ziqala "ukugibela", utshani bukhula, zonke izinsizwa zilahlekelwa ukuma. Kancane kancane, lo manor ukhula futhi ulahlekelwa ukunethezeka kwawo kwangaphambili nokuheha. Ngemuva kokuvukela umbuso, indlu kanye nesonto e-Almazovo baphangiwe. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, ingxenye yesakhiwo esaphila yanikezwa esikoleni sokubhoda.

Almazovo namuhla

Eminyakeni engama-90 yekhulu le-20, ngesenzo sezempi AA Zinoviev, inkonzo yokukhulekela esontweni le manor yavuselelwa, futhi kamuva kubuyiselwa okuncane. Abasebenzi besikole ngamabutho abo amancane banakekela umyalelo omncane epaki kanye nesimo samachibi. Kodwa-ke, akekho ozokwenza ukunakekelwa okuhleliwe kwepaki, futhi izici zensimu enhle zihamba kancane kancane. Ama-marshes azithatha wona futhi kwezinye iziqhingi kakade abe engaphephile ukufika. Kodwa-ke, kuleli fomu, indawo ye-Almazovo, ukuvezwa, izindaba, izeluleko mayelana nokuthi zingatholakala yini kumasayithi abahambi, zigcina ubukhulu bomklamo wangaphambili. Emagodini kanye nomsele omkhulu ungashukuma ngesikebhe, kungenzeka ukuba uhambele amabhuloho athile asendulo. Umsebenzi wokuvakasha wesistimu awukho, kodwa abathandekayo baya epaki futhi baze bahambise izivakashi.

Izindawo eziyinhloko

Indawo ye-Almazovo (ikheli: Almazovo, esifundeni saseMoscow, esifundeni saseSchekkovo) akuyona indawo yokuhambela abavakashi, kuncane okumele kubonwe lapha. Ukukhanga okuyinhloko yisonto laseSt. Sergius laseRadonezh, elahlelwa kabusha, lapho abaculi nabaculi abavela eMoscow Kremlin bahlanganyela khona. Ungabona futhi ingxenye engaphakathi yepaki, ngokujwayelekile, igcine umklamo wangempela womdali.

Ungafika kanjani lapho

Ngempelasonto yemvelo, indawo ye-Almazovo ifaneleka kakhulu. Ungafika kanjani kule ndawo? Kudingeka siphume eMoscow sisemgwaqweni omkhulu weSiklkovskoye ukuya edolobheni laseByard Lake, sivule uphawu lweSokolovo, bese silandela izimpawu ethempelini likaSergius waseRadonezh. Ungaphinde ufike lapho ngesitimela egatsheni laseFryazino uye esitokisini seMonino. Bese uthatha ibhasi ukuya e-Almazovo.

Amaqiniso anentshisekelo

Ifa lika-Almazovo (eMoscow) liye lahlala ezinsukwini zalo ezihamba phambili, lapho amaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo nezindaba ezasinda. Ngakho-ke, bathi umoya kaDemidov uyaqhubeka ukuzungeza epaki ukufuna ubuhle bawo bokuqala. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngokusho kwecebo lomklami echibini elikhulu, ukufuna kwangempela ngezitimela ezingu-8 kwahlelwa, ngoba la makhishi amaningana akhiwa, kuhlanganise ne-Chinese Tower, i-Lodge of Solitude, ama-arbor amaningana.