Incazelo yomlilo. Imililo yemvelo (ihlathi, i-peat): incazelo

Izinkungu ziletha ingozi enkulu ekuphileni, impilo nempahla yabantu. Umlilo emvelo kwenzeka kaningi ezimweni zesomiso eside nesomiso nesimo sezulu esinamandla. Ilangabi elivuthayo ehlathini yisitha esinzima semvelo. Ngempela, kubangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuholela ekufeni kwabantu. Imililo ye-Peat ibangela ukulimala okungenakuqhathaniswa kwemvelo, ukuqedwa kwemiphumela okuzothatha iminyaka eminingi. Lesi sihloko sizochaza igama elithi "umlilo", umqondo walesi simo emvelweni, ikakhulukazi ehlathini, udalulwa.

Incazelo yemililo

Umlilo uyinkqubo evuthayo engakwazi ukulawulwa, kwenzeka ngaphandle kokugxila okukhethekile, kubangele ukulimala kwezinto ezibonakalayo futhi kubeka ingozi ekuphileni komuntu nangempilo. Lokhu akulona i-flame evulekile, ngezinye izikhathi kuphela ukushayisana nokubola okukhona. Incazelo yomqondo wokuthi "umlilo" uthola ukuthi inqubo enjalo yomlilo ikwazi ukuzakhela ngaphandle kwezindawo ezihloswe ukuzalanisa nokugcina umlilo.

Izici ezihambisana nalezi zenzakalo zimi kanje:

• Ukuvutha;
• Ukushintshaniswa kwegesi;
• Ukushintshana okushisa.

Kuye endaweni yokushisa, ukuhlukaniswa komlilo kuthatha izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Izakhamuzi;
• Umndeni;
• Indalo.

Isimo esibophezelayo sokwethulwa kokushisa kubonakala kunezingxenye ezinjalo:

• Umthombo wokushisa;
• I-agent oxidizing;
• Izinto ezishisayo noma izinto.

Izingxenye zomlilo

Incazelo yomlilo ithatha ukuthi into enjalo, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwayo, kwenzeka endaweni ethile. Le ndawo ingahlukaniswa ngokomzimba zibe izingxenye ezintathu:

• Indawo yokushisa okusebenzayo;
• Uhlobo lomthelela oshisayo;
• Indawo yomusi.

Indawo yokushisa okusebenzayo yingxenye yesikhala lapho kukhona khona umlilo, ukukhwehlela noma izinto zokufakelwa. Endabeni yokushisa komlilo (homogeneous), umngcele walesi sigaba ubhekwa njengengxenye yomlilo ovutha amalangabi nombhede omncane womlilo ovuthayo. Uma ukushisa kungenasici (okungahambisani nendawo), khona-ke lo mkhakha unqunywe ubuso obukhanyayo bezinto ezivuthayo.

Umkhawulo wethonya elishisayo yesikhala esiseduze nendawo yokushisa esebenzayo, lapho ukushintshana kokushisa kwenzeka khona phakathi komlilo kanye nezinto nezinto eziseduze. Ukushisa lapha kufinyelela emagugu ayingozi kubantu nasezintweni ezizungezile. Umuntu akakwazi ukuhlala kule ndawo ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okukhethekile okushisayo.

Indawo yensimbi iyindawo ehambisana nendawo yokushisa okushisa, nalapho abantu bengenakho ukuvikelwa okukhethekile kwezitho zombono nokuphefumula. Esizeni esinjalo, izenzo zabacimi bomlilo zivinjelwa ukungabi khona kokubonakala.

Incazelo yomlilo eyenzeka endaweni yemvelo izonikezwa ngezansi.

Incazelo yemililo yemvelo

Umlilo wendalo (landscape) uyinkqubo evuthayo engakwazi ukulawulwa, ivela ngokuzenzekelayo futhi isakazeka emvelweni. Ngezinye izikhathi into enjalo ivela esitelekeni somlilo, i-meteorite iwa noma ukuqhuma komlilo, kodwa isizathu esiyinhloko yizenzo zomuntu. Ngenxa yokushisa ngamabomu noma ukuphathwa ngokungenandaba komlilo nemililo yemvelo kwenzeka. Incazelo yalesi simo ihlukanisa lezi zinhlobo zomlilo:

• Umlilo wehlathi;
• Imililo yamassifs asemaqeleni ;
• Imililo yemlilo kanye nemililo yama-fossil organic.

Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezifakwe ohlwini kukhona eyodwa, okuyinto eyanda kakhulu futhi kuletha ukulahlekelwa okukhulu. Lezi yimililo yamahlathi.

Incazelo yemililo yamahlathi

Imililo yehlathi ishisa izitshalo, ezingenakulawulwa futhi zisakaze ngokuzenzekelayo ngendawo ye-massif.

Izizathu eziyinhloko zalesi simo kukhona ezimbili:

• Izici zemvelo. Lokhu kungaba isiteleka somlilo noma ukuvutha okuzenzakalelayo kwemifino eyomile noma i-peat.
• Izici ze-anthropogenic. Lezi zihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa okuhleliwe kuhlelwe, umlilo ohlosiwe noma wengozi, noma ukungahambisani nemithetho yokuphepha lapho usebenza ngomlilo.

Okwamanje, kungenzeka ukuthi umlilo onjalo wehlathi uzokwenzeka ngenxa yezimo zemvelo, cishe okungama-20%. Isizathu esiyinhloko somlilo wehlathi ngumsebenzi womuntu.

Incazelo yomlilo ovela emasimini ehlathini iqala ukuhlukaniswa ngokuya ngejubane lokusakaza kanye nalokho okushiwo ukushisa.

Ukufakwa ngejubane lokusabalalisa

Isici esibalulekile semililo yamahlathi yisisindo se-propagation yabo. Ngokwale nqubo, imililo enjalo ihlukaniswa kanje:

• Ipholile;
• Isilinganiso;
• Strong.

Ngomlilo obuthakathaka wehlathi, ukusakazwa kwe-propagation isici, esingadluli amamitha amathathu ngomzuzu. Ngokushisa okujwayelekile, ukubaluleka kwalesi sikhombisi kuyahluka kusuka kumamitha amathathu ukuya kwangu-100 ngomzuzu. Futhi imililo eqinile yamahlathi ibonakala ngejubane lokusabalalisa elingaphezu kwamamitha angu-100 ngomzuzu.

Ukumiswa ngokwemvelo kokushisa

Imililo yamahlathi, kuye ngokuthi isimo sokushisa, sichazwa kanje:

• Ama-Grassroots;
• Ukugibela;
• Ngaphansi komhlaba (i-peat).

Umlilo we-grassland ngumlilo osabalala emigqeni ephansi yezihlahla nezihlahla, udoti, amaqabunga namagatsha awile. Iningi lokuvuvukala liqala ngalolu hlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho udala izimo ezithile, umlilo wehlathi ovela emasimini uguqulwa ube ngumlilo wezintaba noma umlilo ongaphansi komhlaba.

I-Horse fire - ukushisa, okuhlanganisa i-canopy yamahlathi. Umlilo kuleli cala usakazeka phezu kwemikhosi yezihlahla. Lolu hlobo lokushisa luphawu lwezihlathi zezintaba. Ukuvela kwemililo ephakeme kukhuthaza umoya oqinile.

Incazelo ecacile yomlilo eyenzeka enhlabathini ngaphansi kwamahlathi izonikezwa esihlokweni esingezansi.

Imililo ye-Peat: incazelo

Umlilo we-peat ukushiswa kwe- peat bog yemvelo noma ekhishwe ngenxa yokushisa komkhathi ngokukhanya kwelanga noma uma umuntu ephendukela emlilweni ngokuphathwa ngokungenandaba.

Futhi, izimbangela zokushisa komhlabathi zingase zibe yimibani noma imililo ephezulu nephansi. Umlilo wabo ungene ekujuleni koqweqwe lwe-peat eduze nezimpande zezihlahla nezihlahla.

I-peat umlilo ingabonakala ngendlela yokuphola okulula uma kungekho ukushisa, noma ngendlela yokutshisa izimbangi ezingenayo ze-carbon dioxide. Izinto ezinjalo ziyinkimbinkimbi yokuthola. Ngokuvamile i-peat ephoqayo iveza umthamo omncane omhlabathi. Inqubo eqhubekayo yomlilo ongaphansi komhlaba ingabangela ukushisa komlilo ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Imililo ye-Peat ihlukaniswa ngokusho kwenani le-foci nokujula kokushisa.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemililo ye-peat

Kuye ngenani leziqhumane, imililo ye-peat ihlukaniswe yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Iphuzu elilodwa;
• Multifocal.

Umlilo ongaphansi komuntu oyedwa owenzeka lapho kwenzeka isiteleka somlilo noma ukuphathwa ngokungenandaba komuntu endaweni ethile. Ukugxila okuningi kuvela emaphuzu amaningana okushisa izinto ezingaphansi komhlaba.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemililo ye-peat ngokusho kokujula kokushisa kunjengokulandelayo:

• Ipholile;
• Isilinganiso;
• Strong.

I-peat fire ebuthakathaka ibhekene nokushisa okungekho ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-25. Ukushisa komhlaba ongaphansi komhlaba kunenani laleli khombisi kusuka kuma-25 kuya kwangu-50 amasentimitha. Ngomlilo oqinile we-peat, ukujula okuvuthayo kungaphezu kwamamitha angu-50.

Isiphetho

Izinkomba, ngokuya endaweni yokuvela kuyo, zihlukaniswe ngezimboni, ezifuywayo nezemvelo. Isikhala lapho ukushisa kwenzeka kwenzeka kwahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu: ukushisa okusebenzayo, ukushisa nokushisa nokushisa. Kanti, imililo yemvelo ibuye ibekwe ngokwengeziwe emlilweni nasemlilweni . Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwenzeka kwabo ngumsebenzi wesintu. Incazelo yomlilo ovela emasimini ehlathini iqala isigaba esengeziwe ngejubane lokusabalalisa. Kuncike esimweni somlilo, lokhu kwenzeka kungaba yinkangala, i-upland neyaphansi komhlaba. Imililo ye-Peat ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo kuye ngokuthi inani le-foci nokujula kokushisa.