I-Victoria Tower - isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele saseLondon

I-Victoria Tower iyinhlangano ende kunazo zonke eWestminster Palace yaseLondon , ephakeme ngamamitha angu-323, okungamamitha angu-98.45, amamitha amabili ngaphezu kweBen Ben edumile emhlabeni wonke. Ngesikhathi sokumiswa kokugcina (isigamu sesibili sekhulu le-XIX) yaba isakhiwo sebala esiphezulu sezwe. I-Victoria Tower iyisekhoneni eliseningizimu-ntshonalanga yePhalamende laseBrithani. Isakhiwo sakhiwe ngesitayela somdwebi omusha waseGothic (neo-Gothic) waseNgilandi uCharles Barry.

I-Empress of India ne-Queen of Great Britain

UVictoria, lapho inomboro enkulu kunazo zonke yezakhi zokwakha eyakhiwa khona, kwakungabonakali ukuthi yenze umqondo: ube nomthethosisekelo ogcwele futhi wawungekho amamentimitha angamatshumi amahlanu namasentimitha. Eminyakeni yokuqala emva kokufa komyeni ka-Albert, wayengeyona edume eBrithani ngemuva kokushicilelwa kwezincwadi zakhe kanye nokufakwa kwedayari, ngenxa yokuthi umhlaba wafunda kanjani ngesilinganiso sethonya lakhe lezombangazwe.

Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-XIX, wayethanda uthando oluthandwayo lokuthi wayeyingxenye yombuso ngesimo sematriarchal. Igama lakhe emhlabeni jikelele libizwa ngezizinda ezihlukahlukene zezikhumbuzo, izikhumbuzo nemibhoshongo. UVictoria wabeka itshe lokuqala ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo seSouth of Westminster esaseningizimu-ntshonalanga, esakhiwa ngokuphelele ngo-1860.

Umlando wokwakhiwa

I-Royal Tower - kwakuyilo gama eliphethe isakhiwo sokugcina imidwebo ngesikhathi sokuklama kwayo. Isakhiwo sokuthwala sasakhiwe ngensimbi ensimbi, okwathi ngemva kwalokho abakhi bakhulela emasimini. I-Victoria Tower inezinsika eziyishumi nane, eziyishumi nambili zazo ezigcinwe yimibhalo emibili yokugcina imininingwane yasePhalamende yaseBrithani. Kusukela ngo-1948 kuya ku-1963 futhi kusukela ngo-2000 kuya ku-2004, umgcini womlando wezombangazwe waqala ukuvuselelwa kabusha, okuhlose ukuthuthukisa isimo sokugcina emakamelweni okugcina.

Isakhiwo sombhoshongo (kokubili wangaphandle nangaphandle) ukuphikiswa komlilo. Ngo-1834, ngesikhathi umlilo owaqhamuka eNdlu yaseWestminster, zonke izibambiso zeNdlu yeMinyango yaseMelika zabhujiswa , futhi amadokhumende aseNdlu YeNkosi ayengalimazi ngoba ayegcinwa e-Jewels Tower (eWestminster Palace). Kwakuyilo mcimbi okwenze uhulumeni wakhe ikamelo lokugcinwa kwengqolobane ekhanyayo. Ingqimba yombhoshongo yenziwe ngokuma kwe-pyramidal, lapho i-flagstaff ikhona khona. Ukuphakama kwalo kungamamitha angu-20.

Injongo

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wombhoshongo ukugcinwa kwamaphepha ephalamende. Ubude bamashalofu afaka amasheya ahlukahlukene ngamakhilomitha angu-9! Umbhoshongo waseVictoria ubeka izindonga zikahulumeni, izindwangu zemibhalo, uMthethosivivinywa wamaLungelo kanye nemigwebo yokufa evezwe kusukela ngekhulu le-15.

Isakhiwo sinokufinyelela okukhethekile (igama layo lingu "Ukungeniswa Kwezindlovukazi"), lapho abantu basebukhosini badlula khona phakathi nemikhosi yokuvulwa kwemibuso kahulumeni noma ezinye izenzakalo zombuso ezibalulekile. Ukungena kwenziwa ngesimo somdwebo, ohlotshiswe ngokucebile ngeqembu eliqoshiwe. Ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwenkosi esigodlweni (sikhumbula ukuthi namuhla eBrithani kukhona indlovukazi kuphela), iVictoria Tower eLondon ikhonywe ngefulegi elisemthethweni lombusi ofanelekile. Ngezinsuku ezijwayelekile, ifulege lase-United Kingdom liyaqhuma emaphethelweni e-flagstaff.

I-Westminster Palace

Lesi sakhiwo saziwa emhlabeni wonke njengendawo yokuhlala iPhalamende yaseBrithani. Engxenyeni yePhalamende laseWestminster yiyona ndawo "Gardens of the Tower of Victoria", ebizwa ngegama eliphakeme kakhulu ePhalamende laseBrithani.

Ngemva komlilo ngo-1834, owabhubhisa cishe zonke izakhiwo, umncintiswano wabanjwa phakathi kwabakhi bezokuvuselela izakhiwo ezonakalisiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, uCharles Barry nomsizi wakhe bathethwa, okwathi eminyakeni engama-30 yakha ngempumelelo indlu, kuhlanganise nombhoshongo weNdlovukazi uVictoria. Isakhiwo esibuyiselwe sasihlanganiswa nezakhiwo zokwakha, esasinda emlilweni ngokuyisimangaliso.