Majoritarian uhlelo lokhetho

Majoritarian uhlelo lokhetho - lena okuhlukile okukodwa zedivayisi kohlelo lokhetho, lapho ukhetho akhethiwe ezibhekwa ukuthi uthole amavoti amaningi e wabavoti lapho bagijima (okhethwe). Iningi kungase sifanelekele, okuphelele noma okungaphelele. Ngokuhambisana uhlelo iningi uhlaka yayo ikhomba izinhlobo ezintathu. Ngakho, hlobo abafanelekayo, okuphelele noma kunqunywa kuye yini edingekayo: ukuthi isicelo (noma ngaphezulu) noma kunabanye (noma ngaphezulu) ikhandidethi, noma ivoti okungenani eyodwa ngaphezu kwesigamu abavoti, noma kumaphesenti athile ivoti ( njengoba umthetho, kakhulu ucishe mkhulu kunezinhliziyo isigamu labavoti).

Ngokungangabazeki, uhlelo iningi kunezinzuzo eziningana. Njengomthetho, isekelwa yi-izinhlangano elikhulu zezombusazwe, amabhlogo enkulu amaqembu, nezinye izinhlangano (zezombusazwe), abakwazi ukuvumelana isiphakamiso ahlangene uhlu olulodwa.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolukhetho Iningi of inzuzo enkulu. Ngo inqubo Umvoti uyazi ngokushesha ukuthi ungubani unikeza izwi lakhe.

Prakthiza kukhombisa ukuthi uhlelo iningi iyakwazi ukunikeza impumelelo kumiswa amaphalamende, lapho kukhona esitebeleni kunazo (iqembu elilodwa, ngokuvamile) kanye nelinani, ehlanganisa amafraktjhini ezahlukene zezombusazwe. isakhiwo esinjalo bona isifundo ekuthuthukiseni esimeme, nombuso ozinzile.

Majoritarian uhlelo lokhetho is kahle osungulwe jikelele. Kuyinto samanje eRussia, USA, e-Australia, eFrance, e-Great Britain kweshumi eziningana kwamanye amazwe.

Naphezu kokuba kunalokho sobala ecacisiwe uhlelo lokhetho iyehlisa kungenzeka izicukuthwane zezombusazwe ezingeni ePhalamende. Lena encane hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi amaqoqwana naphakathi. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ezinye zazo zivame kakhulu washiya ngaphandle ePhalamende, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuhlangana kungaholela kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu sabantu.

Ukuze ukuqaliswa iningi uhlelo lokhetho indawo wezwe sehlukaniswe amayunithi. Kusukela ngalinye akhethiwe, njengoba umthetho, elilodwa (futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu) MP. Nokho, candidate kungenziwa okhethwe kulesi sikhundla siqu, kuvunyelwe iqembu isiqu noma ukunyakaza, kuwo enamathiselwe.

Amasekela ngemuva kokuwina ukhetho, omunye kumelwe silondoloze ukuxhumana nge abavoti. Ngakho bangakwazi ukunikeza ngokwabo nokusekela kwabo ezinsukwini ezizayo mkhankaso wokhetho.

I yokuntula kohlelo iningi kumelwe kuhlanganise nendlela yokuthi amavoti cast ngokulahlekelwa ukhetho, zinyamalale.

Ukhetho kuMbuso Duma we Russian Federation kusukela ngo-1993, aphethwe ngaphansi okuxubile uhlelo ezilinganiselwe-iningi.

Kwatholakala ukuthi isigamu (225) kuzo zonke zamaphini we Duma okhethwe onomzali igunya abajameli (omunye esihlalweni ngasinye). Ukunqoba, kufanele kube ukudayela ezingaphezu kuka nabanye ababezobhapathizwa, nenani lamavoti. Ngakho, uhlelo kusebenza majoritarian ukhetho isihlobo iningi.

Ngo-1993, amalungu Federation Council ukuphakamisa ezimbili kusukela ngesihloko ngasinye. Kulokhu, futhi wasebenzisa uhlelo iningi, kodwa nge District binomial.

I ezimele amasekela lanikezwa ithuba ukuba abaphakanyiselwe uhlobo exubile. Kuzo zonke izifunda of the ukhetho Russian Federation abazenzi ezifundeni, futhi kwezinye izifunda ezimbili yasungulwa: ngenani abavoti (evamile) kanye nezokuphatha-indawo (idolobha kanye esifundeni).