Kuyini centrifugation? Incazelo kanye nomgomo wokusebenzisa indlela

Kuyini centrifugation? Yini indlela isetshenziswa? Igama elithi "centrifugation" kusho ukwehlukana liquid noma particulate impahla zihlukaniswe zibe izingxenyana ezihlukahlukene ngempoqo centrifugal. It eyenziwa ngokwahlukana ezinjalo izinto ngokusebenzisa kumadivayisi ekhethekile - Centrifuges. Siyini leso simiso indlela?

centrifugation isimiso

Ake sihlole kabanzi yencazelo. Centrifugation - umthelela ku ketshezi by ngesivinini Ukujikeleza e iyunithi ezikhethekile. Ingxenye esemqoka yimuphi Rotor Centrifuge kuphuma okuyindawo ehlanganisa nezikhala amashubhu nge material ukuthi kungaphansi ngokwahlukana zihlukaniswe zibe izingxenyana ezincane ngabanye. Phakathi Ukujikeleza Rotor ngesivinini anda siyasebenza amandla centrifugal. Izinto ezibekwe kuhlolo amashubhu, izinto ezahlukene abahlukene phezu kwabantu ngaphambi. Isibonelo, ngokulondoloza centrifuging amasampula komhlaba futhi kwenze ahlukaniswe ketshezi equkethwe izinhlayiya therein okuqinile.

indlela Umbhali

Okokuqala esephawula ukuthi kule centrifugation, kulandela ucwaningo olwenziwa abacwaningi A. F. Lebedevym. Indlela yasungulwa ngu abacwaningi ngenhloso yokunquma indlela yokwakheka amanzi enhlabathini. idatha Ngasekuqaleni esetshenziswa sedimentation ketshezi, kulandele buhlukaniswe amasampula okuqinile. Ukuthuthukiswa centrifugation indlela kuzovumela ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo lo msebenzi ngokushesha okungaka. Ngenxa yalesi ngokwahlukana sebekwazi ukukhipha ingxenyenamba okuqinile kusukela izinto ketshezi isimo eyomile Ngemizuzwana.

izigaba centrifugation

Ukwahlukaniswa sedimentation centrifugation iqala izinto angaphansi uphenyo. Lokhu ukucutshungulwa kwenzeka apharathasi impahla-nesifiki. Phakathi sokuxazulula particulate ndaba zihlukaniswe adonsela phansi. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba silungiselele into ngokuhlukana kangcono amabutho centrifugal.

izinto ezengeziwe yokuhlola amashubhu babhekana zokuhlunga. Kulo sinyathelo, isicelo okuthiwa izigubhu perforated, okuyinto zenzelwe uhlukanisa ketshezi kusukela ezinhlayiyeni okuqinile. Ngokuhamba zezenzakalo eyethulwa inzika uhlala ku ezindongeni Centrifuge.

Izinzuzo indlela

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela okuhloswe ngaso ngokuhlukana we izinto ngabanye, ezifana filtration noma sedimentation, centrifugation kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola kwenze ne ubuncane nomswakama inkomba. Isicelo sale ndlela ivumela ngokwahlukana ukuhlukanisa slurry fake bahlakazeka. Umphumela ukuthola ubukhulu kuyizinhlayiyana ka 5-10 microns. Enye inzuzo obalulekile ukuthi kungenzeka spin abulawe yayo esebenzisa imishini imiqulu amancane Ubukhulu. I ethile kuphela indlela wenza okusezingeni eliphezulu kumadivayisi amandla.

Centrifugation Biology

Ngo biology, ngokwahlukana izidakamizwa ku izinto ngabanye asesebenzisa, uma kunesidingo, kulungiselelwa izidakamizwa luhlolo ngesibonakhulu. Centrifugation wenziwa kumadivayisi eziyinkimbinkimbi - tsitorotorah. Amadivayisi anjalo ngaphezu nezikhala amashubhu bephethe abanikazi isampula, zonke izinhlobo amaslayidi nzima isakhiwo. Kusukela kudivayisi Centrifuge ocwaningweni eziphilayo oluthinta ngqo izinga izinto etholwe futhi ngokufanele inani Imininingwane ewusizo kodwa engase lithathwe Imiphumela ukuhlaziywa.

Centrifugation embonini yokucwenga

centrifugation indlela lubaluleke ekukhiqizeni uwoyela. Kube hydrocarbon izinsiza zazo hhayi labelwe ngokugcwele amanzi ziphuzo zazihluzwa. Centrifugation kwenza ukususa uketshezi okweqile kusukela uwoyela, okwandisa izinga layo. Kulokhu, amafutha usuhlakazekile e-benzene, bese sishisiswe ⁶⁰ ° C, bese ngaphansi kwe-amandla centrifugal. Ekugcineni kukalwe amanzi asalile asendabeni kanye nenqubo okuphindaphindiwe, uma kunesidingo.

centrifuging igazi

Le ndlela ibizwa kabanzi esetshenziselwa ukwenza umuthi. Kwezokwelapha, ivumela ukuxazulula uchungechunge elandelayo imisebenzi:

1. Okuholela nahlanza amasampula egazi ukuze plasmapheresis. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo, a Centrifuge ahlukaniswa egazi evela plasma yayo. Ukusebenza kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba sixoshe igazi amagciwane, amasosha ngokweqile, namagciwane abangela izifo, ubuthi.
2. Ukulungiselela ukumpontshelwa igazi abanikelayo. Ngemva uhlukanisa uketshezi lomzimba zihlukaniswe zibe izingxenyana ezincane ahlukene by centrifugation kabusha donor abomvu egazi ashaye kanye plasma esetshenziselwa ukumpontshelwa noma simisiwe ukusetshenziswa okwalandela.
3. Kwemihlambi platelet. Into ekhiqizwa ngoketshezi olungenambala olusegazini, platelet-ocebile. Ungqimba kwaphumela isetshenziswa neminyango kuhlinzwa, Hematology ezikhungweni zezempilo, ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo, ukusebenza. Ukusetshenziswa zegazi imithi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ngcono igazi ekunqandeni ku ethintekile.
4. Synthesis RBCs phama. Centrifugation kwamaseli igazi kwenzeka yokuhlala ngokuhlukana kwamafrakshini yayo obucayi ngokuvumelana indlela ekhethekile. Ungqimba siphelile ocebile erythrocyte, isetshenziselwa ukumpontshelwa e ukopha, imisebenzi. Phama zamangqamuzana abomvu egazi avame ukusetshenziswa ekwelapheni kwegazi, kanye nezinye izifo ezahlukahlukene yemvelo letindzala kwegazi.

eziningi isizukulwane esisha amadivaysi esetshenziswa kwezokwelapha zanamuhla, okuyinto enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukuhlakaza sigubhu rotary ku isivinini ethile futhi uvimbele ukuquleka ngesikhathi esithile. Lokhu kuvumela esinembile ukwehlukana igazi ku erythrocyte, izinhlayiya zegazi ekhishwe oketshezini olungenambala olusegazini, serum kanye amahlule. Ngendlela efanayo labheka ezinye uketshezi komzimba, ngoqobo ethile abahlukene e umchamo kwengoma.

Centrifuges: Imihlobo esisekelo

Thina esiphethweni lokho centrifugation. Manje ake sibone ukuthi yini asetshenziswa kumadivayisi ukusebenzisa indlela. Centrifuges zivaliwe futhi ovulekile, ne yokudlulisela mechanical noma mathupha. The main ingxenye ukusebenza zedivayisi inhlukano evulekile wenza-eksisi ujikelezisa elise thwi. Ngokwengxenye layo elingenhla perpendicularly fixed wayibhinca, lapho wahlela ezithathekayo emikhonweni metal. Babegcizelela tube ekhethekile, ayisesemikhulu ezansi. Ngesikhathi imikhono phansi selibekiwe Wadding, okuyinto ugwema ukulimala tube ingilazi, nabo metal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-apharathasi kuqhutshwa. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ketshezi ahlukaniswa izinhlayiya okuqinile imisiwe. Ngemva kwalokho, Centrifuge wayeka ngesandla. Ezansi le amashubhu bagxila obukhulu, kwenze okuqinile. Ngenhla kuba ingxenye ewuketshezi sendaba.

Centrifuge Mechanical elibiyelwe ifa inqwaba cartridges ukuze kuhlaliswe amashubhu. amadivaysi ezinjalo elula ezingaphezu kuka mathupha. rotors yabo iqhutshwa izinjini ezinamandla kagesi Ingasheshisa kuze kube 3,000 ngomzuzu. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba kusebenze ngokwahlukana kangcono uketshezi izinto eziqinile.

Izici kulungiselelwa amashubhu test by centrifugation

I amashubhu, ezisetshenziswa for centrifugation kumelwe sisetshenziselwe ukuhlolwa impahla isisindo ezifanayo. Ngakho-ke, i-high-ukucacisa izilinganiso sezisindo ethize asetshenziswa. Uma ufuna ukunciphisa amashubhu eminingi Centrifuge, yakhetha yokwamukela esilandelayo. Ukucabangisisa Ngethuba Lokungenela pair of glass izitsha kanye nokufeza obulinganako, omunye wabo ishiywa njengendlela reference. Okwalandela ukukhulelwa okwenziwa ngaphandle kwesibeletho ibhalansi isampula ngaphambi kokufaka emshinini. Le nqubo kakhulu isheshisa umsebenzi, uma kunesidingo, ulungiselela elinganisa ukuyiqabula njengesenzo uchungechunge amashubhu.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amashubhu wayengazange abeke kakhulu efana ngaphansi kophenyo. Lo mkhumbi ingilazi ugcwele ukuze ibanga onqenqemeni okungenani 10 mm. Uma kungenjalo impahla liyakuthululwa tube ngaphansi kwethonya amandla centrifugal.

Sverhtsentrifugi

Zokwehlukanisa izingxenye ukumiswa esihle kakhulu ukusetshenziswa enganele inhlukano ezivamile noma Centrifuges lokukhanda. Kulokhu kudinga okungaphezu okunomthelela umxhwele ku ketshezi ngamabutho centrifugal. Lapho kwetfula izinqubo ezinjalo zisetshenziswa sverhtsentrifugi.

Iinsetjenziswa emelelwa isigubhu eziyize ifakwe uhlelo ngesimo amancane ubukhulu amashubhu - bengekho ngaphezu kwama-240 mm. Ubude sigubhu kakhulu mkhulu kunezinhliziyo kwesigaba yayo cross, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukwandisa kakhulu isibalo ematfuba futhi kudala uyithonya elinamandla centrifugal.

Ngo sverhtsentrifuge test izidakamizwa agelezela sigubhu, ezinwabuzelayo tube bese hits reflectors ekhethekile kulahliwe impahla yokwenza umsebenzi. It Ubuye ikhamera, eklanyelwe lokwehlukanisa phakathi kokukhanya okukhipha futhi uketshezi esindayo.

Izinzuzo sverhtsentrifug zihlanganisa:

• yobunzima ngokuphelele;
• eliphakeme umfutho izinto ngokuhlukana;
• Usayizi compact;
• kungenzeka uhlukanisa izinto ezingeni yamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo.

Ekuphetheni

Ngakho esiphethweni lokho centrifugation. Indlela samanje uthola isebenza isidingo ukwaba kwezulu izixazululo, uketshezi, ukwehlukana izingxenye izinto eziphila abakhuthele noma amakhemikhali elihlanza. Zokwehlukanisa izinto ngesikhathi yamangqamuzana ezingeni ultracentrifugation isicelo. centrifugation indlela kabanzi lisetshenziswe chemical, uwoyela ongahluziwe zenuzi, umkhakha ukudla, kanye imithi.