Lisho ukuthini deflator GDP futhi nokuthi ibalwe kanjani

Gross womkhiqizo wakuleli - lena cishe ebaluleke kunazo zonke izinkomba macroeconomic likhomba imiphumela yomsebenzi wezomnotho kuleli zwe ngokukhethekile esiqokiwe inkathi ethile yesikhathi. Limelela ivolumu Imininingwane imikhiqizo kanye namasevisi olunikezwa izakhamuzi esimweni esithile. Ukuze ukuletha sibalo ifomu efanayo, osomnotho ulindele deflator-GDP, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukulandelela Dynamics inani lezinkathi ekushintsheni avuselelwe ezingeni futhi isakhiwo amanani. Kulolu hlu kuyinto gauge generalized emali yamanje, ngakho-ke, ngaso sonke isikhathi ikhanga ochwepheshe abaningi.

definition

GDP deflator - ngentengo Inkomba ekhethekile, yakhelwe ukunquma inani ezingeni amanani amasevisi kanye izimpahla (umthengi kubhasikidi) eqondiwe, lesikhathi esisodwa. It ikuvumela ukuba abale ushintsho amavolumu langempela ekhiqizwa ezweni ukukhiqizwa. Ngokuvamile kuba ukubala ehilelekile olusemthethweni izibalo neminyango eRussia owaziyo lolu daba Federal Service of State Izibalo.

izakhiwo Key

Lokha nababala deflator-GDP, acabangele ngokuphelele zonke izimpahla kanye namasevisi, lapho zifakwe Ukwakheka GDP wezwe. izimpahla ezivela kwamanye amazwe ekunqumeni lesi sibalo ezikhishiwe. Ngokungafani Inkomba intengo umthengi, lokhu Inkomba (deflator GDP) kusekelwe ukubaluleka kubhasikidi umthengi konyaka, kuyilapho CPI usebenzisa inkathi isizinda. Uma ngesikhathi sibalo lwenziwe yimuphi umkhiqizo omusha, futhi ungena ukubunjwa lokhu Inkomba.

Ukubalwa kanye ukuhlanganisa amafomula

GDP deflator - iyona ratio kwenani eliyimali GDP (Okuzisholo GDP), obonakaliswe emakethe amanani kwesikhathi lwamanje (kujwayele ukuthatha unyaka owodwa) ukuze GDP yangempela (GDP bezindlu), okuyinto ichazwa base unyaka amanani. Njengomthetho, umphumela ubizwa iphindwe 100 m. E. Ishintshwe kumaphesenti. Ngakho, ifomula abakulo kungabonakala elabekwa kanje:

GDP deflator = (Okuzisholo GDP inani / Real GDP inani) x 100%.

GDP Okuzisholo ubalwa kusetshenziswa izindlela eziningana: izindleko (ukukhiqizwa indlela), imali (ukusatshalaliswa indlela) kanye nemikhiqizo value-added. Ezimweni eziningi, besebenzisa samuntu sokuqala, okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa ifomula:

GDP = PH + HFI +-G + SE, lapho

RN - nezindleko zomphakathi;

HFI - okwedlulele kweBraam-;

G - kwempahla yomphakathi;

SE - nokuthengiswa net yezwe (umehluko phakathi ukuthekelisa futhi ukungenisa).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalwa index intengo ngonyaka ezimali (isikhathi), okuyinto edingekayo ukubala GDP yangempela:

Inkomba intengo isikhathi samanje = Inani isikhathi samanje / isizinda isikhathi amanani.

Kwehlukanisa yilo Inani le okuzisholo womkhiqizo wakuleli, sithola imigomo ukubaluleka umkhiqizo kazwelonke ngamanani njalo. Njengoba ubona, inkomba intengo, eqinisweni, iyona deflator GDP. Ngakho ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa indawo yayo elandelayo ifomula:

^{GDP deflator = Σ (Q t x} P t) / Σ (Q t x P ^0), lapho

Q ^t - okukhipha ivolumu ukubika isikhathi uhlobo;

P ^t - intengo kwezimpahla (amasevisi) ngonyaka yokubika;

P ⁰ - intengo kwezimpahla (amasevisi) ngonyaka isizinda.

Inkomba okuholela has elinye igama - the Paasche intengo Inkomba. Uma ukubaluleka mkhulu kweyodwa, okusho ukuthi emali emnothweni ukhula, futhi uma engaphansi - liyana.