Kwekuhlela kabusha Nikon sika

Ngekhulu le-18 e-Russia kwakukhona inhlangano yenkolo nezenhlalo ebizwa ngokuthi Amakholwa Old, noma ukuhlukana. Isizathu waqala kwekuhlela kabusha of Nikon, Umbhishobhi omkhulu eMoscow, okuyinto waqala ngo 1653 ngenhloso yokuqinisa isonto. Ingqikithi wayo kwakuwukuba namabhomu sabahlanganisa yonke indawo uhlelo wezwe wezenkolo. Okokuqala, ukuqaliswa yezinguquko Nikon BakaJehova bahlela ukuba adabule ukususwa ngokuphelele zonke umehluko ku ukuziphatha yokukhulekela. Futhi, ke kwakudingekile ukuqeda izikhathi ukungafani ezincwadini, ayesetshenziselwa ikhomishana yokukhulekela. Kwakukhona labo abashisekeli ukholo kwaholela ngu avvakum noDaniyeli, owayekholelwa ukuthi iSonto uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Nikon kabusha kufanele sigcwaliswe, esekelwe emibhalweni Russian lasendulo. Umfundisi omkhulu wesonto waphikelela ngokuthi amasampula ukunamathela ezithathwe Greece. Ngokusho kwakhe, leso sinyathelo kusize ukuhlanganisa bonke Orthodox-Asia neYurophu ekuqaleni eMoscow.

kwekuhlela kabusha Nikon sika asekelwe inkosi. Lokhu kuchaza ukuphikelela yenzalamizi futhi enokholo oluqinile izenzo zakhe. Ngokushesha wamiswa UMkhandlu WabaBhishobhi ezweni Russian, okuyinto waqaphela isidingo ukulungiswa kwananoma ngokushesha emikhosini nezincwadi isonto. umhlangano Okwesibili, lapho, ngaphandle abangcwele Russia, wezela Serbian noMbhishobhi wase-Antiyokiya, okwenzeka ngo-1656. It ukulungiswa izincwadi zavunyelwa ngokugcwele. Isonto ayalwa ukuzisebenzisa ekukhulekeleni, ushe wangaphambili.

Izinyathelo sokuqala kwaqala ngonyaka 1653. Khona-ke wonke amasonto ayeyalwe ukuba wenze izinguquko ezithile endleleni isiko ku neminsalo, ngokugcizelela kakhulu esiphambanweni. Ukuphrinta House waqala ukushicilela izincwadi imodeli entsha. Abavikeli ka imicikilisho ubudala limenyezelwe izihlubuki futhi anathematized.

Shintsha ezinye izici ze-Creed ezenzeka ngemva isheke lakhe nge-analog yokutholwa Greek Church. Kodwa labo abasiphikisayo Nikon kabusha ezinekhono zenqaba ingcaca ukuqala ukwamukela. Kubo kwakusho ukukhaphela okholweni yokhokho, amasiko, ukugcina phakathi namakhulu eminyaka. Old Amakholwa ezintsha esizicabangelayo njengezaba kuhlaselwa okuthile untouchable, ungcwele. Abalandeli Nikon, kunalokho, babekholelwa ukuthi kube lenguquko kuzosiza ibandla ukuphuma crisis okuseduze. uthathe leso sinyathelo lakhe linepolitiki futhi. indima waseRussia njengoba owalandela wayiyisa eByzantium kanye nomvikeli zonke Orthodox ayikwazanga waqaphela, ukube akazange wavumelana izincwadi zabo namasiko kanye nalawo mazinga ukuthi siyayamukela kwamanye amazwe-Orthodox.

Ekugcineni nikonianami wakuqinisekisa ngokunemba indlela ekhethiwe nge Little Russia emva sihlangane.

Koqhekeko nasemiphumeleni yaso wayenesimo ezingalindelekile ezingaphezu kuka-ke kulindeleke inzalamizi nabasekeli bakhe. Ukuxabana kwekuhlela kabusha kukhona okukhulu. Old Amakholwa babe phikelela izinkolelo zabo. Bamangalela Nikonians ukuthi kulabo abamemezela imbuka wangaphambili, ngaleyo ndlela wangabaza ngokunemba we nokunxusa yabangcwele eRussia kanye izinqumo yokutholwa ngesikhathi sesonto Angamakhulu Izahluko, okungukuthi zonke, futhi kwakunjalo ngesisekelo sokholo.

Nokho, le mpi kwabangelwa hhayi kuphela Inzalamizi wezinguquko. Umthelela futhi izinkinga zezenhlalo. Amakholwa ayinandaba ukuwa igunya sesonto, ngenxa yokuthi inkosi waqala ukudlala indima iPhini bakaNkulunkulu emhlabeni, waqala ukuba bahlanganyele ukuxazulula izimpikiswano esetshenziswa yisibopho abefundisi. Bamangalela entsha, abefundisi abangenalwazi ukuthi khohlakala abantu, ukucindezelwa, futhi ikhipha ngokwakhe.

Ukuhlukaniswa wathatha engengaphansi - ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu sabantu isimo. Futhi emva Cathedral, okwenzeka ngo-1666-1667, ngokulandelana, wanquma odingisiwe kusondele nezitha kabusha, usezuze uhlamvu mass. Naphezu izindlela zokucindezela eziye zathathwa abomthetho, ngemva kokuvukela Archer e-1682, inani Old Amakholwa lakhula. Esikhundleni eqinisa umphakathi ukuphisa utshwala Smoot entsha. Nikon isinqumo lo mbuzo bayekiswa ubufundisi bese Ukuhamba phakathi abaholi ekudingisweni division.

Kodwa ngokushesha wahlupheka futhi umbhishobhi omkhulu yedwa. Izingobe we boyars okonakalisa ubuhlobo bakhe nenkosi. Ngo 1658, Nikon ngokuzithandela ababoshiwe yena Ovukweni Isigodlo, futhi ngemva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili phezu kwakhe enkantolo lapho Umbhishobhi bayekiswa ubufundisi nabanye futhi wathumela kuJehowashi Belozersky sezindela sokuphenduka.

Futhi, nokho, endabeni abavikeli ubudala namanje awuhambanga entabeni, ngisho nangemva eliyigugu i-opal wezinguquko main. UMkhandlu efanayo, okuyinto wazama Nikon, kwenqatshelwe futhi philosophising abasezinhlanganweni, ebabizela lokuhlubuka futhi kwakuzondeka.