Isikhova i-great Russian umculi Shishkin

Isikhova i-great Russian landscape umdwebi II Shishkin wazalelwa e sifundazwe Vyatka (manje yeRiphabhuliki yaseTatarstan), emzini Elabuga, indodana I. yomthengisi V Shishkina nantathu Januwari 1832.

uyise lomdwebi wayeyindoda ezehlukile. Ngenxa crystal yayo oqotho, ayelihlonipha bakuleli dolobha futhi baziswa ukukhathalela kwakhe kubo. Iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili wakhonza njengombonisi imeya Yelabuga futhi wenza eziningi ezinhle edolobheni. Eyakhelwe izinsuku zokuphila wakhe wokhuni amanzi ipayipi ingxenye isinyathelo manje. Ivan kwaba umuntu ezihlukahlukene ulwazi, wayesiqonda abanesithakazelo kwezomlando, eziningi ukufundwa. Uthando yolwazi yadlulisela indodana yakhe kusukela zisencane. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu - wakhuthaza indodana yakhe ukupenda isifiso kuzibonakalisa esemncane.

Kodwa sina waqala yokudweba Shishkin ayengakwenza engamashumi amabili kuphela ubudala lapho efika ukuya art esikoleni e Moscow, lapho afundela khona ngaphansi kobuholi Apollona Mokritskogo. Lesi sikole ngokushesha wembula Lyubov Shishkina kuya landscape. Umculi Shishkin Uyazazisa imvelo isiRashiya, sonke isikhathi sakhe, kodwa uchitha emahlathini azungeze eMoscow, ukutadisha izitshalo. It wamnika injabulo enkulu.

Ekuhloleni nemvelo, waba uzihlanganisa sina e iphethini. Kusukela ekuqaleni imisebenzi ecacile isithakazelo Umdwebo senziwa 1853 futhi eliqukethe Samashumi Amabili Nesishiyagalolunye imidwebo. Kuba sobala ukuthi Shishkin umculi efuna izisusa for Umdwebo. Ngesikhathi iziqu, Shishkin isivele kakhulu singcono kakhulu nabo, wayebonisa ikhono lakhe zemvelo ezivelele phendla nakubo bonke othisha kanye nabafundi esikoleni, kwaba sobala kubo ukuthi umculi omkhulu.

Ngo-January 1856, u-Ivan Shishkin ithunyelwa Academy of Fine Arts Petersburg, lapho wazimisa njengonegunya umculi amakhono okungavamile. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu ukuqeqeshwa at the Academy, lapho yabakhanga osolwazi ne landscape yabo imidwebo.

Njengoba kushiwo eyedwa Shishkin, bangempela ubuciko esikoleni uBhalami ngaye, lapho ihlobo waya Academy abafundi. Shishkin umxhwele futhi badonseleka nemvelo yakhe zasendle futhi acwebile ka Valaam qoqo leziqhingi: egwadle amawa, sonwele lasendulo kanye pine. Etude "Pine ku Valaam" e 1858 waklonyeliswa nayo lendondo yesiliva.

Ngo 1860, umdwebi Shishkin Big indondo yegolide eqeda Academy bese uba ufaneleke ukuthola ukuqeqeshwa kwezilwandle. Wahamba Petersburg, kodwa hhayi phesheya, futhi Yelabuga, lapho eziningi futhi sisebenza kanzima.

Inkathi esukela 1862 kuya 1865 Shishkin, umculi odumile bakwimibuthano kwezobuciko, uchitha phesheya. Esikhathini esiningi uhlala eJalimane naseSwitzerland. Ngo-1870, i-Association of the Wanderers wabonakala, okuyinto waba uphawu lokuhlala enkathini entsha yokudala. Izinhloso Ezinhle Peredvizhnichestvo umdali awushintshanga naphakade. I yobuciko Shishkin bahlanganyela bonke nemibukiso we-Association of Wokujikeleza.

Wafela umsebenzi Shishkin yesishiyagalombili Mashi eyodwa namakhulu ayisishiyagalombili neshumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalombili. Wayesebenza studio ke ukuvakashela izihlobo, ebhekisela ukucobeka ekhaya, ngaqala ukusebenza futhi. Emva kwesikhashana umsizi wabona ukuthi u-Ivan Ivanovich nasozwaneni. Wagijimela kuye, uDavide waqonda ukuthi inkosi ufile.