Kuyini isondo: zimelelani kwenkululeko

Rubber - material owaziwa ukuthi isetshenziswa cishe yonke imikhakha yempilo yomuntu. Medicine, ezolimo, umkhakha ngeke akwenze ngaphandle lolu polymer. futhi usebenzise amathayi izinqubo eziningi zezimboni. Yini eyenza lesi sifundo futhi yiziphi izici zayo, kuchazwa esihlokweni.

Uyini isondo

Rubber kuyinto polymer kokuba kuyaqina okusezingeni eliphezulu. isakhiwo sayo imelelwa nemiyalezo ngokufanele carbon amaketanga eziboshiwe sulphur ama-athomu.

Esimweni esejwayelekile amaketanga carbon okokusonteka ukubukeka. Uma iraba elula, carbon amaketanga sokuphumula. Amandla owengeziwe futhi ngokushesha ukubuyela efomini elidala ukwenze esisemqoka ezindaweni eziningi material ezifana zenjoloba.

Yini eyenza kube? Ngokuvamile, iraba okulungiselelwe ngokuxuba a iraba nge ejenti vulcanizing. Ngemva amalahle ukuba izinga lokushisa oyifunayo, uqweqwe.

Ngokungafani iraba iraba

Rubber futhi Rubber - eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo polymers, yemvelo noma etholwe synthetically. Lezi izinto zinezikhathi physico-chemical izakhiwo kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza. iraba Yemvelo kuyinto into eyenziwe kusukela umpe ukhuni tropical - latex. It sivela amagxolo lapho lilimele. iraba Zokwenziwa kuveza polymerization of styrene, Neoprene, butadiene, isobutylene, chloroprene, nitrile acrylic acid. Lapho kwakhiwa iqine is amathayi zokwenziwa kuyo izihlahla zenjoloba.

Yini benze izinhlobo ezahlukene iraba? Ukuze uhlobo oluthile zokwenziwa materials izinto eziphilayo, okuvumela ukuthola impahla efanayo iraba zemvelo.

izakhiwo iraba

Rubber sisetshenziselwa izinto ezahlukene esinomthwalo Izakhiwo ezilandelayo:

1. kuyaqina High - ikhono ukuguqula ukusonteka ezinkulu ngendlela ebanzi lokushisa ububanzi.
2. Kuyaqina kanye ifomu ukuzinza at zamagciwane encane.
3. Amorphousness - zikhubazekile kalula nge ukuphokophela okuncane.
4. I umsungulo isihlobo.
5. Kubi ubamba amanzi.
6. Amandla kanye bafake ukumelana.
7. Kuye ohlotsheni kwamathayi enjoloba kungenzeka libhekene amanzi, amafutha, uphethiloli, ukushisa ukumelana futhi ukumelana namakhemikhali, ukukhanya nemisebe ionizing.

ekugcineni isondo ilahlekelwa impahla yayo futhi ilahlekelwa ezakheke, okuyinto kubonakala ekubhujisweni kwehle amandla. Impilo isevisi imikhiqizo iraba luncike izimo ukusetshenziswa futhi ziyahlukahluka kusuka izinsuku ezimbalwa iminyaka eminingana. Ngisho ngesikhathi kuqhubeka isikhathi eside isitoreji isondo ubudala futhi ingasasebenziseki.

iraba Ukukhiqiza

Tyres ezivezwa iqine injoloba ne ukwengeza Izingxube. Ngokuvamile, 20-60% mass injoloba ezenziwayo. Okunye izingxenye ukwakheka iraba - fillers, curatives, accelerators, plasticizers, Antioxidants. Ukwakheka isisindo ingaphinda ungeze udayi, namakha, modifiers, ilangabi retardants, kanye nezinye izingxenye. Isethi ye izingxenye kunqunywa izakhiwo edingekayo, izimo zokusebenza, ubuchwepheshe kokusebenzisa yokugcina iraba umkhiqizo futhi izibalo kwezomnotho. Ngale ndlela, kudala eliphezulu zenjoloba.

Yini eyenza imikhiqizo iraba lulwimi siphelile? Ngenxa yale njongo, elisetshenziswa izimboni iraba kuhlangana ubuchwepheshe kanye nezinye izingxenyana labathaki bamafutha ekhethekile noma ezinamasondo, senzelwe yokukhiqiza imikhiqizo Semi-siphelile, yokuzilimaza eyalandela ukusika out. Emjikelezweni ukukhiqiza, wasebenzisa ukucindezela, autoclaves, isigubhu kanye Umhubhe vulcanizer. Rubber kwakwakhe unamathele plasticity okusezingeni eliphezulu, ngenxa okuyinto ikusasa umkhiqizo liba ofiselekayo.

imikhiqizo Rubber

Kuze kube manje, iraba isetshenziswa ezemidlalo, imithi, ukwakhiwa, ezolimo, ezokukhiqiza. Inani imikhiqizo, ekhiqizwa kusuka iraba, engaphezu kwengu-60 eziyinkulungwane. Izinhlobonhlobo. Ethandwa kakhulu wabo - zamanzi, ukushaqeka wezinciphisi, tubing, gaskets, sealants, enamathela rubberized, abami izinto.

imikhiqizo Rubber zisetshenziselwa izinto eziningi ezinkulu e izinqubo zezimboni. Lokhu kwaziswa kubuye esisemqoka ekukhiqizeni amagilavu, izicathulo, amabhande, Indwangu manzi, elihambayo amabhande.

Iningi iraba ekhiqizwa esetshenziswa ukwenza amathayi.

Rubber embonini isondo

Rubber indaba esemqoka emsebenzini wokukhiqiza imoto amathayi. Le nqubo iqala ukulungiswa ingxube iraba injoloba yemvelo kanye zokwenziwa. Khona-ke, wanezela Silica, carbon omnyama, kanye nezinye izithako zamakhemikhali mass zenjoloba. Ngemva kuhlangana olunzulu, ingxube ithunyelwe ibhande esithandweni. Okuphuma kuyinto strip iraba obude obuthile.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo is gumming intambo. Izintambo zendwangu kanye metal kuthululwe ashisayo iraba mass. Ngale ndlela yenziwa yangaphakathi, zendwangu bese siphelelwa ibhande ungqimba.

Okwenza iraba isondo? Zonke Abenzi ngezimoto amathayi usebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene kanye iraba yokukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe. Ukunikeza amandla siphelile umkhiqizo nokwethembeka kungaba ukungezwa plasticizers ahlukahlukene, futhi fillers abalwazi kahle ulimi.

ukukhiqizwa iTire usebenzisa iraba zemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalo nokubunjwa iraba kunciphisa Ukushisa we isondo. Iningi kwakwakhe iraba kuthatha zokwenziwa kuyo izihlahla zenjoloba. Le ngxenye ikunikeza esikwazi ukuzivuselela isondo futhi ikhono lokubekezelela imithwalo esindayo.