Kungakanani uwoyela Russia ethengisa ngonyaka? Kungakanani uwoyela negesi ngonyaka Russia ethengisa?

I Russian Federation iyona ekudayiseni Igesi yemvelo. It has zigcine ngobukhulu amalahle. I cindezela uye ngokuya kwaba nezingxoxo mayelana lokuthi sekuyisikhathi eside Russia bekuku amandla "Trainspotting." Ngakho manje ngisho abantu avamile aye baba nesithakazelo kangakanani uwoyela Russia ethengisa ngonyaka. RF zibalwa lwesishiyagalombili emhlabeni ngokuya sikawoyela, kodwa ivolumu ukukhiqizwa idlula ukuthi kunoma yiliphi izwe emhlabeni. Kulesi sihloko sizozama ukuqonda ukuthi ukuwa elibukhali izintengo "igolide abamnyama" iye yabathinta umnotho wezwe. Sizobuye sixoxe embonini we Russian Federation yokuthekelisa, beka hydrocarbon e oyiyo, izibikezelo lezazi Ukuwohloka kwemithombo yemvelo, ikakhulukazi nenqubo kahulumeni yokubutha amandla.

Kungakanani uwoyela Russia ethengisa ngonyaka

Kusukela ngomhla ka-December 2015, Russian Federation ukhiqiza i isilinganiso imiphongolo kwezigidi ezingu 10.83. Lena 12% zekhofi emhlabeni wonke. Kulokhu, isimo esitokisini kuphela endaweni yesishiyagalombili. Izinto ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe lamafutha Russian ongahluziwe - okufanayo 12%. Ngo-2015, it ithengiswe engamathani ayizigidi ezingu-396. Ucabange ukuthi intengo emakethe isethwe ku- $ 30 umphongolo. Sicabangela kangakanani uwoyela Russia ethengisa ngonyaka. Sithola ubukhulu yemali kwamanye amazwe. Lokhu bhiliyoni 87, 30 ungakwazi ukuthola ku igesi.

namanye amazwe

Ngokwesilinganiso, phakathi kuka-1997 no-2015, isamba ezithumela kwamanye amazwe kwaba Russia 9,11295 bhiliyoni aseMelika. Record ophakeme wayengumholi kuMasingana 2012, ephansi - ngo-February ka-1998. Uma sikhuluma uwoyela kangakanani negesi ngonyaka ukuthengisa Russia, impendulo kungaba - 58% lemikhiqizo inani. Into ebalulekile futhi ukuthekelisa izingodo. Ethengisa isiRashiya, ngaphandle ukhuni, uwoyela negesi? Okunye nokuthengiswa zihlanganisa izinsimbi (nickel, sensimbi), imikhiqizo zamakhemikhali, imishini kanye nezinto zokusebenza lempi. The main kwezohwebo kukhona Russia, China, eJalimane nase-Italy.

Kanjani ningi nyaka kuzoba anele uwoyela

Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nenqubekela phambili ekukhuliseni funa amandla, kodwa uma umuntu ovamile ecabanga ukuthi imithombo akuzona okungenamkhawulo lokho? Kwathi ngesikhathi sokushona kwelanga eU.SSR ezikoleni Soviet, othisha batshelwa ukuthi abamnyama amalahle izothatha iminyaka engu-150, ensundu - 650, uwoyela - 200, igolide - 100 kanye diamonds - at 80. Nokho, ngo-kowezi-2000 kwaba sobala ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yemvelo landa kakhulu. Humanity idinga izikhathi 1.5 ephakeme kunaleyo kungenzeka resumption of the yeplanethi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo abakhileyo emazweni asethuthukile zisebenzisa izinsiza okungaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho okungakulahlekela emazweni ampofu. Nakuba kuba control yokugcina 2/3 reserves kawoyela yomhlaba wonke. Russia kule inkomba ivuliwe endaweni 8. Ezingeni lamanje zokukhiqiza WaseRussia liyokuma iminyaka engu-21, emhlabeni - engu-50. Ngokuphathelene igesi izinqolobane, kukhona Russian kwasekuqaleni. Ezingeni samanje ukukhiqizwa liyokuma iminyaka engu-80 e-Russia, 60 - emhlabeni.

Kungani amafutha eshibhile?

Kubonakala, ngokuvumelana uchwepheshe izibikezelo, zigcine ka "igolide abamnyama" iminyaka engu-50 kuphela kwanele emhlabeni. Kuyinto engaphansi kwekhulu, kodwa kungani-ke, emakethe yasungulwa ngenxa amanani aphansi? Ngokwe-Economist induna NEF James Medway, kulesi simo kunezizathu inhloso ngempela. Futhi owayevelele kubo - okubizwa ngokuthi oluthambile revolution. Ohlukile uphethiloli esisha ukuthi ekuqaleni awuzange ekuthatha njengento ebalulekile lokho ohulumeni, ngakho badla izinkampani zangasese. ukukhiqiza ngokwedlulele kawoyela livela yokuthi izinkampani ezinkulu zasekhaya ukuthi uthathe hhayi ku-akhawunti ukuvela abadlali abasha kwi ukubhonga, ezithinta nezinzuzo zazo siqu. Ngemva ibhange elikhulu utshalomali Septhemba 2015 Goldman Sachs sika, ishicilele umhlahlo yayo ukuthi "igolide abamnyama" kungase wehlele dollar angu-20 umphongolo, bonke ukunakwa eligxile Russian Federation. Kwakubonakala sengathi izwe lonke uzama ukubala malini imali Russia ilahlekelwa ngenxa falling amanani kawoyela. Nokho, inhlekelele akukenzeki. Isabelomali babebeke intengo $ 50 ngo-2016 umphongolo, empeleni esinalo 30. kuphela Sikhishwe ivolumu lemikhiqizo, ngosuku we Russian Federation ulahlekelwa abangaba yizigidi ezingu-200 e-US lwemali.

Bangaki aphuthelwe Russia?

abahlaziyi lwezezimali baye bacubungula isimo kusuka amanani kawoyela ongaphakeme irekhodi futhi unswinyo kwezomnotho, basikisela ukuthi Russian Federation enkathini esukela ku-2014 kuya ku-2017 uzolahlekelwa mayelana $ 600 billion. Ngesikhathi esifanayo babe wacasulwa esifundweni sawo yentengo $ 50 umphongolo. Futhi kuyoba uyazi wena ukulahlekelwa utshalomali ngqo lwamazwe angaphandle. Ngokusho kwabo, izakhamuzi kufanele ulinde yolunye amanani ukwenyuka kanye gxuma dollar.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izwe

Abangaphezu kwesigamu semali engenile uwoyela Russian. Nokho, okuningi ahlupheka hhayi Russian Federation, futhi azikhohlwe ngokuphelele izono zethu umkhakha we-USA. Ngokusho kwezazi, lo engabizi ngemali 70-77 zamadola umphongolo. Nokho, phakathi nekhulu lama-21, izazi ulindele ukwehla elibukhali ibhalansi yamandla. I abathengi eyinhloko mafutha babe ezweni yezwe yesithathu, okungenzeka angabi nawo isikhathi ukushintshela ubuchwepheshe ehlukile. Ngakho-ke, 21 "black igolide" oyingqayizivele ngokwanele nokubaluleka kwalo fair izokhuphuka ezingeni 70-100 zamadola

Inqubomgomo Energy waseRussia

Ngalesi sikhathi kuze kube sekupheleni 2020 eswini Russian Federation ezisebenza, okuyinto sacala kusebenta nga-2003. Ubeka zinto ezimqoka yezwe:

• intuthuko eqhubekayo.
• Ukwanda ekusetjentisweni kwemandla ngalokuyimphumelelo.
• Ukunciphisa umthelela omubi kwezemvelo.
• Amandla nakwezobuchwepheshe.
• Sebenza ukusebenza inzuzo yokuncintisana.

Ngo-July 2008, umongameli Russian usayine umthetho owawuthi uhulumeni lungase luthathe uwoyela negesi ku eshalofini yezwekazi ngaphandle ithenda. Lokhu kwavusa intukuthelo kuphikiswa. Ngo-February 2011, iRussia yasayina isivumelwano sokusungula isivumelwano China, ngaphansi kwayo, ukuze enane $ 25 bhiliyoni loan it uyokhulula lemiqulu emikhulu uwoyela ongahluziwe kuleli iminyaka engu-20 ezayo.

umkhakha Izinselele

Amafutha kanye negesi 60% Export Russian no-30% we-GDP. Ngosuku isimo ukhiqiza imiphongolo kwezigidi ezingu 10.6. Kungakanani uwoyela Russia ethengisa ngonyaka? Ihlanganisa-12% izidingo zomhlaba. Umnotho Russian kuncike kakhulu ku-hydrocarbon nokuthengiswa. RF futhi isebenzisa isikhundla salo njengoba umphakeli uwoyela negesi e inqubomgomo angaphandle. I-EU isebenza ukunciphisa amandla ayo ukuncika Russia. Kusukela maphakathi nawo-kowezi-2000, e-Russian Federation nase-Ukraine baye izingxabano eziningana lapho supply of gas eYurophu sanqamuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakhiwa sanqamuka le Nabucco iphayiphi. Kuze kube manje, i-EU namanje akanawo unqobe amandla ayo nokulutheka. Njengoba ngentengo fair lamafutha, izazi ziye akukafiki ukuvumelana ngalolu daba.