Kuban River: incazelo. Istok, umlomo, izitshalo nezilwane

Ngithanda ukunitshela ngaloNkulunkulu enhle engokwemvelo amanzi ukugeleza, kuhle komfula Kuban. Incazelo, izithombe kanye incazelo eningiliziwe - lena ulwazi uzothola esihlokweni.

Ubuhle baleli ndawo kude Russia ezaziwayo. Kukhona lenqwaba emhlabeni amafilimu abadumile badutshulwe ku kwamaSoviet. Blame namathafa olunothile, okuyinto zitholakala yonke ngasogwini. Ukuba kulezi zindawo, abantu bazizwa nokuthula basolwa energy oqondile.

isikhundla ezindawo

Eningizimu yeRussia zibhebhetheka nezifufula ingenye amanzi ukusakaza enkulu yezwe - emfuleni Kuban. Kumephu ungathola kalula. Ayisebenzi, itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho ye iziNtaba zaseCaucasus. Njengoba aye le Karachay-Cherkessia esifundeni, umfula ugeleza ngokusebenzisa ensimini ka izifunda ezintathu: laseStavropol Adygea futhi Krasnodar.

Inani endaweni yawo emva kwebanga umcengezi - cishe 58 000 km². Lapho umfula Kuban (incazelo bona ngezansi) ifinyelela ogwini Azov, lokhu kubanga delta elikhulu Russia. endaweni yaso square metres engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezine.

Kuban kuthatha ivelaphi elaliphansi kwamagquma kweNtaba Elbrus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yiyo phansi amagquma nezigodi. Kodwa ngemva 870 km lamanzi agelezela oLwandle ka Azov.

incazelo delta Kuban River

Kuban delta ububanzi, ngokuvamile namaxhaphozi. Lamandla singawathola uma sibangabalandeli ke uhlukile efana nayo. Iqiniso lokuthi eningizimu semifula uya hhayi kuphela Azov, kodwa futhi ukuba oLwandle Olumnyama. zemifula eziningi kanye namachibi, iziqhingi, emaxhaphozini, nemifudlana yene nemihlanga, imihlanga endaweni semifula. Abantu bendawo bazi lapho umfula Kuban, ungathola njalo izimila ezingavamile nezilwane ukuthi kukhona ngendlela emangalisayo ezihlukahlukene.

Kukhona manje semifula yesimanje iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa nje edlule, kwakuwumsebenzi wokuhumusha omkhulu kunayo Azov Gulf. Nokho, ngenxa amanzi Azov futhi Kuban kule ndawo namathe kancane kancane kwakhiwa. Bay, uqobo, wawusomile, ukwakha ichibi engajulile. Futhi emfuleni Kuban (ngesikhathi imephu kuyabonakala) ngaphambili agelezela umfudlana samanzi, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i-Old Kuban. Nguye eyenziwa emanzini elisemcengezini Black Sea. Nokho, ngenxa ukuwa (ukuvikela ezizungezile yizikhukhula) ivinjiwe abakhwabanisi. Futhi manje iningi amanzi uwela kuphela oLwandle Azov.

Umthombo emfuleni Kuban: Izici

Kuban waqala "ukuphila" yakhe endaweni lapho izingxenye ndawonye kwemifula emibili entabeni - Uchkulan futhi Ullukay. Lesi sakamuva Ibhekwa ezinwetshiwe Kuban. Izinguzunga Zeqhwa Zase-, esisogwini phezulu Elbrus, uqinisa meltwater yabo ukugeleza. Kuleli qophelo, it has a enamandla futhi zeziyaluyalu. Umthombo emfuleni Kuban iseningizimu endaweni engamamitha cishe 1400 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle.

Kuwufanele ukunaka omunye sici. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kwakuvela yakhe waphindela ageleze igama. umsindo Modern sisekelwe Karachai ulimi kanye nezwi lisho "ekusakazeni ogobhozayo."

hydronym

Igama akulona Kuban emfuleni kuphela. Kubo ezivela kuye, zikhona mayelana 300! Amanye amagama endawo emifuleni - Koban, wrasse, Kobhan nabanye. Emibhalweni yaminyaka yonke igama yamaGreki asendulo sasitholakala njengoba Hypanis.

Izakhiwo kwamanzi

ezithakazelisayo ngokoMthetho Kuban River nokuklanywa kakhulu. Incazelo uhlamvu sayo samanje wehlukile ngempela. Ngokuhamba ubude bayo emfuleni ubhekwa imikhumbi, ngaleyo ndlela kahle esetshenziswa ngezinhloso zezolimo. ukugeleza High iwe engaphezu kuka-1000 m kwenza kube nokwenzeka ulwahlukanise ku 4 esishintshashintshayo: sezintaba, entabeni, Piedmont futhi plain. Fika Krasnodar Krai, eduze kwedolobha Ust-Labinsk, Kuban kuyinto a mfula imikhumbi. The main isiteshi komfula, Verbensky Girlie, agelezela eGulf of Temryuk. Enye - Cossack Eric likwazi ukufinyelela Akhtanizovskaya esizalweni somfula yoLwandle Azov. Kule singaphetha ngokuthi emfuleni Kuban kungokwalabo Atlantic Ocean umcengezi.

Esikhathini okusezingeni eliphezulu entabeni izifunda kokusakaza liliningi futhi phansi emaweni, emithambekeni emaweni. Laba emelelwa sandstones, oluthambile limestone accumulations. Sinking sifinyelela ephansi, amabhange kukhona ephansi futhi babaza. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona anamagquma. Emlanjeni meanders ngokuya kakhudlwana Delta, ukwakha uhlobo "ukhamba" - abesifazane ubudala.

ziyamaniswa nokungangeni

Kuban ngokwanele-esilazayo egcwele, inani eliphelele nemingenela (ezincane nezinkulu) lilingana ayizinkulungwane 14. Imifula ngobukhulu iyangena ke ziqhamuka ibhange kwesokunxele.

Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo:

• entabeni wesifunda. Urup.
• k. Labe - the owumthelela kakhulu esilazayo ngokugcwele.
• k. White - kwamanzi ne ukugeleza enamandla kakhulu, isendleleni izimpophoma eziningana.
• k. Pshish futhi Psekups - ezahlukene okusheshayo ogeleza.
• Olukhohlisayo futhi FC Afips Afipsky.

Ukuze ibhange kwesokudla Kuban River Mara eduze, Umunyu, Dzheguta. Ubude isamba Kuban nemingenela yayo kuyinto 9500 km.

Amanzi ukusetshenziswa kanye uhlobo lokudla

Isilinganiso ukugeleza yonyaka bamanzi Kuban oLwandle Azov - 14 cu. km. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugeleza ithwala kolwandle isikhathi esingaphezu 4 Mill. Amathani nosawoti. Ukudla ngesikhathi Kuban okuxubile - kakhulu, cishe ngo-65%, kuze iqhwa nemvula, u-20% livela izinguzunga zeqhwa 15% - kuyinto komhlaba.

Stoke kuyinto engalingani. Seasonality umphumela. Ngo zonyaka ezahlukene kulo lonke izinkomba ukugeleza zingase zihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Futhi Kuban uhlobo "anomaly". Ngesikhathi ngezikhawu ezehlukene amanzi emfuleni bangafeza okuningi izikhathi 1.5 kuka kuyinsakavukela isilinganiso.

Ngenkathi ezibandayo, Kuban buhlangene, kodwa iqhwa ishidi emfuleni engazinzile. Yigcine kusukela ngoDisemba kuya ku-March, ngemva kwalokho uqala ophihliza iqhwa.

Kuban kwesigubhu

Kwesigubhu elikhulu North eCaucasus isendaweni River Kuban futhi ngokuthi, ngokulandelana, Kuban. Ngaphambili, kude ke, lapho Tshikskoe, kodwa wawudla izindwali eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Manje ichibi kuphawuleka kuphela njengendawo bedoba.

Kuban ukugeleza liyasetshenziswa ekuphehleni ugesi. 4 Hydropower isitshalo Yakhiwa - Kurshavskaya, Barsuchkovsky, Sengileevskaya futhi Zelenchukskaya. Ndawonye, bakha okubizwa ngokuthi "kubangela Kuban". Iplani kwakungukuthi ukwakha Adygei emifula, kodwa umsebenzi wayeka eminyakeni yamuva.

Biota

Izimila nezilwane lomfula wehlukile ngempela. Amanzi kukhona engaphezu kwekhulu kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi. Lokhu perch, carp, roach, carp, bream, eyikati, bullhead, perch, Rudd nabanye. futhi zasemfuleni aphinde abhukude abuyele emathafeni endaweni emfuleni. Ezinye zinhlobo ahlukile kulezi zindawo. Plankton imelelwa mollusk, izimpethu, ezinamagobolondo kanye nezinye izinhlobo.

Emanzini amaningi ageleze Waterfowl, ezifana duck zasendle namahansi, nevuba, Indwandwe, ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi, kanye nezinyoni ezincane. izilwane ezingavamile okuzingela siphile eMfuleni Kuban ogwini lolwandle. umumele elikhanyayo - Mpunga Falcon. Ezindaweni Ugcwalise kuhlale izimpungushe, amakati zasendle, izingulube zasendle muskrats.

manje River Delta uyindoda kancane likhanyelwe wezolimo. futhi kunikeza ithuba bahlanganyele izinhlanzi isehlukaniso. Kwenye yalezi hoses ngokwanele athuthukiswe kahle emnothweni ku ukufuya mullet.

River ezokuvakasha cishe akazange asebenzise. Ngaphandle ezindaweni sezintaba ngokuvamile kwenziwa ezitsheni Alloys noma ukungazwani. Kodwa ukudoba kuvamile nhlangothi zombili cishe kuzo zonke izindawo.

izitshalo Kuban River amelwa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo: mhlanga sparganium, sedge, njll anikezwa ikakhulukazi endaweni ugu .. Ingaphezulu ukugeleza kwamanzi ezindaweni ezithile ugcwele iminduze, ezansi ungathola izinhlobo ezahlukene ulwelwe. Lezi ezihlabayo usukhulile ngu amahektha ayizinkulungwane 40-50.