Elementi Architectural owavela Obelisk baseGibhithe lasendulo - a ...

Lesi sihloko sizosisiza ukhuluma ngalokho Obelisk lapho azalwe kuqala, lesi sici izakhiwo, ahlaziye umlando we Luxor Obelisk.

izakhiwo

Abantu njalo zinikwe elikhulu kwezobuciko, kuhlanganise izakhiwo. Impilo emiphakathi eminingi yasendulo, siyazi ikakhulukazi ngenxa izakhiwo walondoloza netakhiwo isitayela yezakhiwo, isibonelo, lezi zihlanganisa imibhoshongo Mayan eNingizimu Melika. Yiqiniso, akubona bonke abantu bashiya phawu obalulekile emlandweni, kuya efanayo ngisho namuhla indlu kanye nezinye izakhiwo ngokuyinhloko njengegama ndaba esisebenzayo, futhi ihlala isikhathi eside eminyaka ubudala ne eyinkimbinkimbi ukwakhiwa izixazululo, zingabantu alihlukile.

Mhlawumbe kwenkathi zomlando kunazo owaziwa - kuyinto Ancient Egypt. Futhi ebatshazwa kakhulu kuze kube yilolu suku isiko yalesi abantu manje efile. Futhi, ngaphandle nje kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe kuze kube namuhla ifinyelele kubaluleke kakhulu nabaseGibhithe lasendulo, lokhu isici lathumela, njengokhozi Obelisk. Ngakho-ke yini i Obelisk, njengoba lisetshenziswe esikhathini sethu? Yilokhu sizoxoxa.

definition

Namatshe amade abaziwe yasetshenziswa eGrisi lasendulo, kodwa kukhona babengabakwa-value luyingxenye olungokoqobo, ngokwesibonelo, njengoba gnomon (izimpawu ezikhethekile, sibonelo ngokwewashi) alelo washi lika. Nakuba eGibhithe lasendulo Obelisk - a uphawu kwelanga, futhi, ngokuvamile, esinye sezici Intandokazi izakhiwo kanye kufanekisa. Ake sihlole kabanzi umlando we amatshe ayenzelwe waseGibhithe nenjongo yabo.

Idivayisi nokuqashwa

Obelisk waseGibhithe (okungenani labo esekhona namuhla) kukhona monoliths, okuyinto kwakuqoshwe kusuka block eyohlobo zamatshe. impahla ophumile egwadle abomvu ukuthi ambiwe enkwalini e Aswan. Futhi base efakwe ngazimbili kanye emnyango wethempeli.

Ngenxa yokungapheleli amathuluzi benziwa namatshe amade abaziwe eside kakhulu futhi kanzima. Ngokwesibonelo, Obelisk of Hatshepsut ezibaziweyo izinyanga eziyisikhombisa. Manje siyazi ukuthi Obelisk. Cabangela izici eziyinhloko.

isandla sabo senziwa ukumboza izinhlamvu, ogama imibhalo ezimweni eziningi angavalelwa ukukhazinyuliswa onkulunkulu oFaro esebenza. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukwakhiwa okunjalo waba nencazelo ekhethekile, kwathiwa camera nge ingxubevange zegolide nezesiliva. Nokho, ukwenza kanjalo kuphela ichopho Obelisk. Ngakho Ancient Egypt Obelisk - okuyisici esibalulekile yokukhulekela okungokwenkolo futhi umfanekiso.

Izazi-mlando ngiyazi ukuthi ikhono lokwenza amatshe ayenzelwe abaseGibhithe possessed esikhathini lwamakhosi 4th, kodwa endala kakhulu ukuthi ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla, libhalwe Dynasty 5th. sici yabo ehlukile - usayizi encane, kancane kuka ngamamitha amathathu. Uma sikhuluma yibo ezisekhona kuze kube izikhathi zethu endaweni efanayo ezazakhiwe, omdala iyona Obelisk of Senusret. A esiphezulu sokuhlukanisa eseqedile - lowo setha eKarnak, ukuphakama kwayo iphelile 24 amamitha. By the way, ngokuvumelana esondele ilinganisela ke unesisindo esingamathani angaba ngu-143. Njengoba ubona, Obelisk - isakhiwo ukuthi ihlukile kakhulu ngobukhulu.

ukusabalala

Kancane kancane, namatshe amade abaziwe laseGibhithe yaqala ukusakaza emhlabeni wonke. Amazwe kuqala lapho kwakukhona fashion kubo, ngamashumi Palestine neyaseFenike. Nokho, lapho zakhiqizwa kwemigomo izingxenye ngazinye, okuyinto lula kakhulu senqubo yokukhiqiza. namatshe amade abaziwe Landelayo yaqala ukusakaza ukuba eMbusweni WaseByzantium, i-Asiriya, futhi ngisho Ethiopia. Iningi lalaba babo babehamba zithunyelwa wonke uMbuso WaseRoma. Ngokwesibonelo, lowo manje ibekwe phambi Lateran Basilica eRome, yasungulwa ngo naseKarnak, unesisindo esingamathani angaba ngu-230 futhi ukuphakama kwalo elingamamitha 32. Nokho, into yokuqala efika emqondweni uma ubuka lokhu Obelisk, kanjani zithutha? Ngisho nanamuhla, ukuthutha lokhu wezimpahla akuyona umsebenzi lelula.

Phakathi Renaissance izikhathi namatshe amade abaziwe zithandwe abaklami Italy njengoba izakhi sokuqanjwa jikelele. Bese-ke, kusukela maphakathi nekhulu XIX njengoba umphakathi ekukhuleni mlando Ancient Egypt, emazweni amaningi babehilelekile ukuthi ezimathonsi zithunyelwa zonke izinhlobo zobuciko izinto futhi kwakudala. Ngokwesibonelo, eSt ku uMfula iNeva kukhona sphinxes, kodwa bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi belethwa ngqo ekhululwa eGibhithe, futhi engu-ayizinkulungwane eziningana iminyaka.

isikhathi sethu

Futhi namhlanje, namatshe amade abaziwe athandwa kakhulu njengoba isici yezakhiwo njengoba ezimele ebaziwe kuwumfuziselo noma lesikhumbuzo. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke i-Washington Isikhumbuzo e-US, ukuphakama kwayo kuyinto 169 metres.

ERussia, ukusakazeka kwezindaba namatshe amade abaziwe wathola, eziqala wokubusa uCatherine II, njalo liqiniswe udumo ngokunqoba ezempi kanye impumelelo. Kungenzeka ukunquma ngezwi "Obelisk". Kuyinto isikhumbuzo yezakhiwo, okuyinto ifana insika, tapering phezulu.

Namatshe amade abaziwe kancane kancane wawela emfashinini njengoba isici design noma izakhiwo, kodwa zaqala ukusetshenziswa njengendlela lesikhumbuzo wenkazimulo lempi. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuvamile kungenzeka ukuhlangabezana namatshe amade abaziwe uyaca amathuna kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe II. Futhi kuyo yonke imizi Russian kukhona amatshe ezikhumbuzo oluvelele emlandweni nakwezempi eminyakeni edlule, ngokwesibonelo, i-Obelisk behlonipha Minin futhi Pozharsky e Nizhny Novgorod, on-site okuthunyelwe umyalo Suvorov ku emkhakheni Borodino , nabanye.

Luxor Obelisk

Ngo-1831, lo mbusi waseGibhithe Mehmet Ali wanika France Luxor Obelisk, okuyinto ekuqaleni ukuze badunyiswe kaRamses II. Kakade 1833 wayiswa Paris nangemva komhlangano Royal isethwe phezu Indawo de la Concorde, lapho kuze kube yilolu suku ungabona Obelisk. Isithombe umusa we layo selithe ukubuya kancane ephakeme. Ingxenye engezansi ibonisa inqubo lesikhumbuzo kwezidingo.