Izitshalo Ugwadule futhi kanjani they ukujwayela isimo sezulu eyomile

Plants of the desert akazange ukucacisa ukuma endaweni nge ezomile. Penda landscape ehlane zincike ngaphezulu enhlabathini kuka kusuka izimila. Isici esikhethekile iyona kakhulu ukumboza thinning yakhe. Ungqimba eyinhloko simila - kohlobo nesomiso nemithi (xerophytes kakhulu).

Izindlela ukugcina amanzi ashisayo ehlane izitshalo sezulu

Ukuze sibhekane ukuntula abukhali umswakama izitshalo ukusiza amanye amadivayisi, ukuhwamuka inhibitor: ziyancipha kakhulu leaf endaweni kanye pubescence, ifilimu phezu kobuso amaqabunga ukujiya ezinkulu. Le filimu ubizwa ngokuthi cuticle; ke amanzi ngokuphelele. Kwesinye isikhathi izimila zasogwadule namaqabunga beya ngesimo ishq amancane. leaf imisebenzi eyenziwa oluhlaza sifanamsindvo, ecebile chlorophyll.

Ukuze unqobe eside nesomiso ehlobo, izitshalo bechitha amaqabunga awo ehlane lapho kuqala ukushisa. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa uvame kakhulu sezulu esingenamvula.

Peculiar ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo nesomiso kanye esinamanzi amnandi izimila zasogwadule (bebizwa amaSucculents). Bona uqweqwe neziqu noma amahlamvu. Ifakwe ekhethekile amanzi esindayo izicubu, izitshalo, lokuqoqa yamanzi zasemoyeni ingxenye. Ngaphandle indwangu ukumboza nge ifilimu obukhulu, cuticle uwuvikela ukuhwamuka eqinile. izitshalo okunjalo ehlane ngokuvamile stomata ezimbalwa kakhulu, okuyinto futhi kunciphisa umswakama ukulahleka.

Ehlane kukhona zinhlobo, akusiyo akwazi ukubekezelela nesomiso. Lezi zihlanganisa ephemeroids futhi ephemera. Zikhula sasentwasahlobo kuphela, lapho ehlane namanje ezinomswakama hhayi ashisayo kakhulu, kodwa lapho kuqala ehlobo ukufudumeza ingxenye yabo aboveground uyafa.

Kunenye uhlobo izimila zasogwadule - isitshalo amaphampu, ababiziweyo phreatophytes. Ngisho ukushisa okukhulu kakhulu akuphazamisi umbala oluhlaza amaqabunga lamaluba avulekileyo. Lokhu kuchazwe iqiniso lokuthi phreatophytes izimpande ngokujulile kakhulu ukungena inhlabathi (kufika ku 30 m) kanye ukufinyelela komhlaba. Camel iva - isibonelo salokhu.

Iqhaza ehola kungokwalabo izimila zasogwadule bok. Lezi zihlanganisa sezihlahla, izihlahla kanye ngisho izihlahla ezincane (isib saxaul).

Umkhaya izitshalo ogwadule futhi ukwencika uhlobo izimila uhlobo inhlabathi

Ugwadule izimila basonta Compositae, okusabhontshisi, cruciferous nokusanhlamvu. Kukhona ngisho izimila zasogwadule sedge. Nokho, ezivame kakhulu babo siwuhlobo Chenopodiaceae. Sikhula kahle kulesi simo sezulu njengoba umhlonyane.

Ngokusho indlela yokwakheka ehlane kukhona sandy, enamadwala, nosawoti nobumba. isimo somhlabathi kakhulu kuthinte uhlamvu yezimila. Ukuze izimila zasogwadule kubaluleke kakhulu mechanical yokwakheka inhlabathi, njengoba kubonakala amanzi. Okuqukethwe obumbeni izimila zasogwadule kuphela umthamo wamanzi ukuthi livela emkhathini nge KULETHA.

Plant ehlane tropical

Ezingwadule ezishisayo nakwezifudumele eArabhiya Afrika ubuswa utshani zisetshenziswa nezihlahla xerophytic, kodwa ungabuka futhi amaSucculents. Ngokuphelele elingenalo izimila zesihlabathi embozwe endaweni usawoti phezulu.

Ezingwadule tropical ezincikene nolwandle (Western Sahara, Atacama, eMexico, California), izitshalo zikhule, eziphathelene nohlobo amnandi.

Saltmarshes izitshalo tropical embozwe ezifana izihlahla halophilic futhi amnandi kanye nezihlahla (isib Tamarix, Nitraria) kanye Salsola yonyaka (isib Salsola, sweda).

Plant ehlane tropical eziphathelene phytocenoses ezivundile, izigodi esikhulu emfuleni futhi deltas, zihluke ngokuphelele olimini nakwezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ukuze nezigodi imifula zone tropical libhekene wamasundu oleanders.

umswakama kusilela - inkinga engathí sina ngoba zonke izitshalo ogwadule, ngakho ngokuhamba kwemvelo, baye bafunda ukuzivumelanisa yesomiso esathatha isikhathi eside.