Izinhlobo izabizwana

Kunoma iluphi ulimi amagama zihlukaniswe izingxenye yokukhuluma. Izwi ngamunye ubhekwa omunye wabo, ngesisekelo incazelo yalo jikelele, indima syntactic zezibonakaliso morphological unomphela futhi okungezona unomphela. Titfo tenkhulumo zihlukaniswe esinikelweko noma ezimele, inkonzo futhi utibone.

Kuye izici eziyisisekelo ukuhlukanisa titfo tenkhulumo. Kwakumelwe kuphela eziyishumi: Ibizo, isandiso, inombolo, isiphawulo, isabizwana, isenzo, bondzaweni, tihlanganisi, kanye isibalazo futhi kuyizinhlayiyana (participles futhi emabito kwezinye ngeengaba aphathwe njengomuntu Isenzo).

Izabizwana isiRashiya kuhlanganisa amagama akudingeki amagugu abo. Bona shintsha nye amazwi zinhlobo - isiphawulo, ibizo, isandiso, futhi isibalo. Ungalokothi isabizwana abakwazi igama labo osebenza. Ngakho-ke, esebenzisa isabizwana esithi, ibizwa ngokuthi i-ingxenye ezimele yokukhuluma, okhombisa yiziphi izinto, ngaphandle nokuzitjho. Imibuzo ephendulwa tabito zihlukile: ngubani? lokho? kabani? kangakanani? lokho?

Kunezinhlobo ezithile izabizwana. Ukwahlukaniswa lezi titfo tenkhulumo incike amagugu abo, ngenxa ubunjalo Ngamanye amazwi. Ubude ukuhlukanisa eziyisishiyagalolunye izinhlobo tabito: siqu, igama elithi "self" - obunobuhixihixi, unesikhwele interrogative, isihlobo, ubunikazi, ingaqiniseki negative nokukhomba.

Izabizwana, ababiziweyo siqu, Ungashintshanisa emabito: mina, thina, nina, wena, yena, yona, ke empeleni, kunjalo. Kukhomba ngesiRashiya secrete isici esithile noma into :. Omunye yokuthi, njll izabizwana zesibaluli abonisa sokusebenzisana :. It yakhe, yami, yakho, njll into Negative kwenqatshiwe: lutho, akekho, akekho, cha, njll .

ekhethwe Liphinyiselwa iyiphi into noma isibaluli :. ezimbalwa, abanye, othile, into, njll attributive ukucacisa ukuthi yini isihloko :. Elinye yena, wonke, njalo, njll Umbuzo wafaka iziphakamiso, lapho kukhona umbuzo: ngubani? kabani? lokho? ngubani?

tabito isihlobo asetshenziswa imisho lemagalagala, lapho bekhonza khona ukuxhuma izingxenye komunye nomunye: okungukuthi, ngubani, yini, yini. isabizwana obunobuhixihixi libhekisela, ngikhuluma ngani: yena.

Zonke lezi zinhlobo tabito njalo elisetshenziswa yolimi lwanamuhla Russian. Uyini umehluko omkhulu kusuka nezinye tabito sazi titfo tenkhulumo? Isiphawulo, ibizo, isandiso, kanye inani ngokuthi into, uphawu kanye nenombolo, futhi izabizwana iphuzu Russian kuphela, kodwa ayikho into okuthiwa. Akungabazeki ukuthi isabizwana Ungashintshanisa indlela yazo yokukhuluma, ngakho bathatha tabito, netinombolo (okuningi), tivumelwano, tabito, emabito (mina, bona, omunye, lutho, njll), abito, tandziso (lapho) netabito, tiphawulo ( wami, ukuthi iningi nokunye.). Lezi zinhlobo tabito kumele kubhekwe maqondana ezithile inkulumo.

Ngokwesibonelo, tabito tekukhomba ngolimi Russian attributive tabito bebuza-isihlobo kanye nanini sebuniyo kufakwe ukudedelwa-tichasiso abakubonisayo uphawu.

Zonke izinhlobo tabito evame ukusetshenziswa namapheshana adingekayo ukuze zokuxhumana. Lena - yeqoqo inkulumo, njengoba ngaphandle kwalo akunakungatshazwa ngolimi olulodwa, kube-ke isiNgisi, isiRashiya, iSpanishi noma yini. Isayensi ukutadisha umlando ukuthuthukiswa kolimi kusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka enkulumweni yakhe hhayi ukusebenzisa izabizwana, siyaqhubeka ukuzisebenzisa - yingakho bayingxenye inkulumo, kuyadingeka. Ziyakwazi endaweni yesithathu ngemva ibizo kanye nesenzo. Kule singaphetha ngokuthi, esebenzisa isabizwana esithi ehlukahlukene kwansuku bethu hhayi kuphela kukhulunywa, kodwa futhi inkulumo etemibhalo.