Izibonelo Literary of indlela levamile tematheksthi inkulumo. isitayela Ukukhuluma: ematheksthi lamafisha izibonelo

Ukuxhumana ngokwethukela - incazelo evamile isitayela sokusebenza. Izibonelo imibhalo Enkulumweni eyayivame aqukethe olimini abahumushela kulo, futhi ulwazi kuzo sidla ikakhulukazi ezindabeni yasekhaya.

Inguquko ngomlomo nesitayela esisetshenzisiwe enkulumweni yansuku zonke. Yingakho umsebenzi ngokuvamile ukusebenza kule mpendulwano.

Lesi sihloko sinikeza i definition ezifanele, sichaza izici, abuye acoce izibonelo indlela levamile tematheksthi inkulumo.

Izici

Isitayela lapho ngamunye wethu uveza imizwa yethu, nemizwa nemizwelo, futhi ngikhulumile. It libhekene ukungabi khona Ukukhetha ulimi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iningi labantu "qalani nithi bese ucabanga."

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njalo indlela levamile linezincazelo isikhulumi ngabanye - Uyavuma isitsotsi, ijagoni, njll, akuzona esivela isitayela elula, njengabo ibhizinisi noma ngokwesayensi.

Isibonelo indlela levamile yokukhuluma, umbhalo lomfisha:

- I Tried? - ngibheka kwakubonisa ushizi. - Ubaba wathi okumnandi.
- Yiqiniso, okumnandi, kanye wayedla kuye izolo kokubili izihlathi!
- Kodwa wayengenayise hamster Akunjengokungathi wokugcina isikhathi amadina - Ngahleka.

It ngokucacile zihlukaniswa isitsotsi azisebenzi ikuphi kuka e inkhulumomphendvulwano abavamile.

Qaphela ukuthi kule indlela levamile is kakhulu ukuthonywa izici extralinguistic ukubaluleka onohlonze njengoba isimo sobuso nokushukuma komzimba, kanye nemvelo, nokunye ..

Izimpawu indlela levamile:

• lula;
• imininingwane;
• imizwelo ukugcwaliswa, ngezinye izikhathi ngokweqile, inkulumo;
• isithombe.

Izibonelo indlela levamile tematheksthi inkulumo ingatholakala ngokumane ngokubhala yansuku zonke, isibonelo, phakathi omakhelwane noma umthengi nomthengisi ebhikawozi.

Ithonya esimweni esikhululekile inkhulumomphendvulwano

Isimo esikhululekile, aba maningi nenkululeko yokukhuluma. Eba ngokomzwelo, asetshenziswa kabanzi izinkulumo eyayivame.

Into engavamile ukuba lesi sitayela - futhi yokuncishiswa netakhiwo temagama, ukulahlekelwa onkamisa kabili yamagama, futhi ukusetshenziswa tijobelelo nokuhlola subjective - izici ezimbili zokuqala ikakhulukazi ukucasulwa ukusheshisa izinga yokukhuluma.

A. P. chehov, "Revenge"

Awu sibonisa isici sale isitayela Anton Pavlovich chehov e "Revenge" yakhe - sibonelo esigqamile indlela levamile yokukhuluma. Small umbhalo Monologue kuningi elikushoyo ngale ndaba.

indaba uhlamvu uqala ukukhuluma ekpressivnogo: "Vula nodeveli" Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ayikho enye isitayela ayikuvumeli inhlamba. umusho wakhe olandelayo owokuba ezingengaphansi ukwambulwa: "Kuyoze enginawo stiffen okwengeziwe ngale ngokusebenzisa-umoya?" ukwakhiwa nomqwayiba wayo ngendlela yokudlulisa ulwazi ilula futhi linesizotha. Lona indlela levamile yokukhuluma. Izibonelo imibhalo ezincwadini akusilo ize ukube uqale nge "Revenge" laseChekhov.

Izici indlela levamile

"Impindiselo" futhi libonisa izici isitayela eyayivame:

• umbuzo akhetha isibabazo imisho phambi elandisayo;
• izejwayezi;
• izabizwana zoqobo netento ziyancipha esebumba umuntu lokuqala noma lesibili.

Incwadi A. S. Pushkina kumkayo

Le ncwadi eyayibhalwe Agasti 3, 1834 Alexander kumkayo, Natalia - ke sincane kakhulu umbhalo indlela levamile yokukhuluma (izibonelo zihlukaniswe iimphakamiso ekufanele kabanzi).

I imbongi edumile iqala ngayo ngala mazwi: ". Ihlazo kuwe, unkosikazi omncane" Lokhu kunxusa okuthinta - ecacile silulumagama eyayivame ukuthi isetshenziswa izinto zansuku zonke. Iziphakamiso: "Ubani ofuna ukuhlala zingadonswa ibe ezimbi County edolobheni ukubona abadlali nabanengekayo ukudlala kubi kubi opera ubudala?" futhi, "Ngamncenga yini ukushayela ngesikhathi Kaluga, yebo, kuyacaca, futhi une uhlobo enjalo" - uqukethe zonke izakhi ze-indlela levamile yokukhuluma, njenge:

• ilinganisela tijobelelo derivational (edolobheni);
• the kombhala ye-oda izwi ngemisho;
• ukusetshenziswa lisebuningini ngoba izwi, okuyinto empeleni imithetho isiRashiya ke ayiqukethe (Kaluga - Kaluga ku);
• tento kakhulu isetshenziswa sanje.

izindlela lucebe

isitayela Esangxoxo yokukhuluma (izibonelo ematheksthi lamafisha kuthiwa kuyaxoxwa ngokuhamba isihloko) isebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo lucebe:

• Izaga;
• tijobelelo amancane;
• ekhululekile futhi ngokomzwelo Umbala silulumagama;
• izwi-ukusikwa futhi akhronimi;
• tijobelelo nokuhlola subjective.

imiklamo Standard nomumo uyithayiphe

Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke ubuswa inkulumo ngesikhathi osithandayo, ungakulungele - abantu asetjenziswako ukuveza, hhayi ukunakekela mayelana netakhiwo temagama, futhi ngaphandle kokucabanga kuzo. Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho njalo, ungezwa ukwakhiwa okujwayelekile, eyeqisayo ezithile ngayinye nezimo ezithile nsuku zonke. Uma sicabangela umbhalo omfushane indlela levamile yokukhuluma, izibonelo esitolo kuyoba kanje: ". Amagremu engamakhulu amathathu Cookie ... Weigh ku eziyishumi Ngicela unginike amaphasela uwoyela". Izithuthi zomphakathi, "Uthola out at elilandelayo ezama ukungivimba ngingayi kwi indiza, lapho ngiya tractor kuzothatha ???"

amafomu etiquette nazo esibophezelayo. Phela, uma singabantwana ungakulungele nokuncane esisemthethweni, akusho ukuthi wayebadelela futhi ukudelela kakhulu.

"Sawubona, sawubona, unjani, yini entsha," - lapha isakhiwo esungulwe, okuyinto qinani ukuqondana abo ezingxoxweni. Isibonelo indlela levamile yokukhuluma - inkhulumomphendvulwano ngombhalo omncane nje wahlangana comrades - e 99% amacala sizoqukatha lezi zinkulumo.

ubuntu

Ngesizathu esifanayo, iletha, njengoba kuchaziwe esigabeni esandulele, kuthatha ubuntu futhi okwakhe. Ngakho, ngisho Umumo stereotypical nokwakhiwa eziningi, futhi izikhathi ezahlukene, noma ukuthi kukhona in vogue e eminye imibuthano, noma, kunalokho, aphume, wenza ongasasebenzi, Nokho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ubuye. Kodwa umoya lolungakahleleki yokuxhumana lingashoni imingcele esisemthethweni - abantu abakwazi ukusebenzisa noma cha ukusebenzisa inkulumo ajwayelekile kanye ezimisiwe abalithandayo. izindlela Untyped yizo lidlulisela uhlamvu yokukhuluma indlela isikhulumi esiveza ngayo.

"IziKronike Dragon"

Yuliya Galanina e "IziKronike Dragon" yayo inama simo esiyingqayizivele, ngoba isetshenziswa hhayi kuphela e inkhulumomphendvulwano, kodwa yonke le ncwadi, indlela levamile. Nazi izibonelo ematheksthi lamafisha:

"Futhi mina njalo uthanda ngaphezu kwanoma ngubani kufanele. Ngaphandle kwami akekho isiwula eyodwa ocingweni akuyona yazithandela."
"Udrako -.! Luyingozi nokulimazayo, nokunyanyisayo futhi bengamagovu ngokungagwegwesi, ngisho dragon"

idijithi kanambambili

Ngu izindlela ngokolimi, okuyinto ezisetshenziswa ezingeni ifonotiki kolimi ngendlela indlela levamile, zifaka izici ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Yokuncishiswa, ukusikwa, kokucindezelwa, okungukuthi uhlobo ongaphelele pronunciation. Leli akulona impahla saziso, okungase indlela levamile yokukhuluma. Isampuli yombhalo (Libanga 5, ngasendleleni, kwezinye izindawo, lapho sitadisha incwadi at Uhlelo esikoleni) - "Harry Potter kanye sefilosofi sika Stone," "Harry Potter futhi Chamber Wezimfihlo 'futhi lonke uchungechunge. Isici abahumushela kulo liphinyiselwe umlingisi Hagrid. Quote kusuka "The Prisoner of Azkaban ..." "Yena-ke yinto yokuqala ekuseni ... manje washiya isikhundla sakhe ngeke bakwazi, kusho yena, isengozini uma ... kahle, futhi lokhu kwenzeka .." Ngeshwa, abahumushi Russian abadluliselanga ngokugcwele zonke izinhlobo izwi lula, embhalweni wokuqala sibonakala kakhulu, kodwa kule ndima isivele kungenzeka ukugqamisa "namatshana", by okuqondwe, "esho."
• Buviyoviyo njengoba imfanelo zomuntu siqu ukuthi emotsialnalno iyiphi amabala, ngisho nesakhiwo stereotypical. Isibonelo indlela levamile yokukhuluma - umbhalo encane indaba "Icala yezinto ka" umbhali O. UHenry: "Uneminyaka uMnu Phineas C. Gooch?" - kusho isivakashi, futhi izwi lakhe futhi buviyoviyo ngokushesha walala-ngokuhlola, ukugunyaza futhi ahlulelwa.

Kwesilulumagama nekusetjentiswa phraseology

Ulimi kusho ahlobene ezingeni lucebe futhi phraseological:

• Amaphesenti speech ngokucacile ubuswa kokungathathi hlangothi ukhonkolo isichazamazwi ezivamile, esibizwa nangokuthi mezhstilevaya. Kuyinto ngesisekelo limi. isichazamazwi Neutral uveza iqiniso, futhi ngenxa yalokho akudingeki Umdwebo ngokomzwelo kanye / noma indlela abazizwa ngayo. Lokhu kwenza kube kukho enemisebenzi ukusetshenziswa nganoma iyiphi isitayela: kokubili ukukhuluma futhi ibhizinisi, ezesayensi, lesibonwa. Izibonelo imibhalo Enkulumweni eyayivame ukuthi babe nesilulumagama kokungathathi hlangothi (eqinisweni, ulimi kombhali ekufundzeni ematheksthi etemibhalo, ngaphandle, mhlawumbe, yezinganekwane efana uhlobo yayo ingxenye enkulu uqukethe amagama mezhstilevaya kuphela) - kuba "Intulo" Antona Pavlovicha Chehova kanye "Teddy "Yuri Pavlovich Kazakov.
• Ngiphakathi nendawo isichazamazwi eyayivame. Kuhlanganisa emagama lafana nalawa: "udokotela inkosikazi", "siziqonde" nabanye.
• Kwamagama: i ngesilwane esifuywayo setepolitiki, jikelele ngokwesayensi.
• Ngokomzwelo elilinganiselwe isichazamazwi eyayivame. Kungaba baphathe esibi noma ukuhlolwa omuhle. Zonke amazwi kuwo zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu, zazo: 1) ukuhlolwa likhona kakhulu okushiwo izwi; 2) Ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, 3) amagama ifakiwe subjective kokuhlaziywa tijobelelo. Lokhu isichazamazwi futhi epithet esebenzayo "ekhululekile".
• Ezisezingeni izindlela engokomfanekiso. Ziyakwazi tifanisongco, tisho, ihaba futhi litotes. "Thina-ke unathe isitsha zifa ekubeni" (M. Yu.Lermontov). Lesi sifaniso kwezobuciko, ukukhuluma lokhu kwenza umbala obomvana efanayo zonke lwabantu abavamile efanayo. Isibonelo indlela levamile yokukhuluma, umbhalo-mpendulwano: "- Ingabe - Futhi, njengokujwayelekile, ithi, babe nempumelelo - Ukuze ubani omunye, bengiyakunitshela ukuthi ngiya ayinandaba, njengoba lokhu iphula ngempela - bese Heather efana izimpungushe Noma yimuphi ukukopela?!.! ! "
• Bomsebenzi kanye lomkhakha. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi zonke izenzakalo le ndima ukukhuluma empeleni ngokuvamile iqukethe eziningi amathuluzi ezishiwo lapha: ayikwazi sifanekise impahla eyodwa kuphela. Ngakho, inkhulumomphendvulwano ngenhla ngaphandle izingathekiso 'nobuqili njengoba impungushe "futhi izwi isitsotsi" ukukopela ".

morphology

• Nominative kwenzeka kaningi kunabanye.
• Egajwe izabizwana zoqobo kanye sekukhomba nezandiso nezinhlayiyana.
• Wenhlanganyelo kuyaqabukela asetshenziswa, gerund - cishe never.
• Imingcele amafomu yesikhashana ifiphele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bakhululekile ukuba ushintshe futhi akasebenzisi e nencazelo yalo.
• Kukhona utibone ngamazwi.

Isibonelo indlela levamile - amancane abhaliwe-inkhulumomphendvulwano okubonisa abalulekile morphological ulimi ezingeni isihloko:

- Uthi abuyele - wakhomba uPetru.
- Baphi - lapho? - ngambuza.
- Awu, kukhona esitolo. Imikhiqizo. Umama wacela ukuba skimp - ngakho wanquma ukusebenzisa ngokushesha.
- Yilokho gallop babaleka -. Sokunene nesobunxele "

-syntax

• Encwadini indlela levamile imisho elula asetshenziswa kakhulu ukudlula slozhnosochinennye noma Compound. ukwakhiwa yabo libhekene uhlobo "stringing ndawonye" nomunye, le concreteness ulwazi ngocansi.
• Ngokuvamile kukhona imisho akuphelele, ngokukhethekile, abanalo imigomo eyinhloko.
• Isakhiwo non-eqondile, ngezinye izikhathi patchy. Iziphazamiso buviyoviyo amabinzana, kabusha ekuhambeni - ngemiphumela inkulumo nokuguqulwa. isitayela Esangxoxo kalula uyavuma zisetshenziswe izakhiwo yokuxhuma, sivezwe kula mazwi kokuvula kanye zonke izinhlobo izinhlayiya.
• imishwana Mezhdometnyh njengendlela ukuveza amaphuzu indlela levamile.
• Mahhala izwi oda - ne ebalulekile ngokuvamile wezwakalisa kwasekuqaleni (nakuba kungadingeki).

ulimi Literary nokukhulunywa

Ukukhuluma e lubonakaliswa elicwengekileyo of adluliselwa ngomlomo. Ngo imisebenzi yobuciko edinga izindlela ezikhethekile ukulingiswa. Umbhali ngokwakhe ungabhala inkulumo eduze kukhulunywa, kodwa ngokuvamile lapho ulisebenzisa izingxoxo phakathi izinhlamvu. Ngakho, umlingisi ngamunye livele ubuntu.

Small umbhalo indlela levamile yokukhuluma (izibonelo "Inhliziyo ka Inja" by Bulgakov): "flatlet bawdy Kodwa kahle kanjani Futhi lokho heck mina wayedinga kungenzeka ukuthi ukuphila izohamba Lapha ome njengeqanda Kungani, yena kuphela Blink iso, wayengumuntu ngakho like ..?. inja obzavolsya ukuthi befuzela. "

Thina ngokugcwele wacabangela indlela levamile yokukhuluma, izibonelo umbhalo. Libanga 5 lwezifundo kuhilela isifundo izitayela obusebenzayo yokukhuluma, kodwa kukhulunywa - lena isitayela kwenzeka njalo, nsuku zonke, futhi imisebenzi yobuciko, futhi imvelo (ikakhulukazi ke).

Ukuze sibonise indlela levamile yokukhuluma, izibonelo izwi ezincwadini sezivele letinikwe lapha ngenhla. Ilingana ukusetha futhi nje kukhombisa iziphakamiso nabo.

newspaperese

Kukuphi lapho ungafaka isicelo indlela levamile yokukhuluma? Izibonelo imibhalo ezivela emaphephandabeni - umbuzo uwukuthi impikiswano okuningi. Ngo okuyihaba, futhi ngempela zikhona izici eyinqaba kuye. Amaphephandaba uchungechunge "ukujwayelana nabantu" futhi ngokupheleleyo dibikeza imishwana stereotyped Kusukela epilweni yangamalanga. Nokho kuphela isitayela iphephandaba kungaba uyibize ngokuthi okuxoxa ngokugcwele. Uma sicabangela indlela levamile yokukhuluma, umbhalo lomfisha izibonelo ngokuvamile bevela zobuciko.