Itshe lemvelo. Ukubheke phambili kwendlu

Isakhiwo sesakhiwo sisiza ukudala umbono wokuqala wabanikazi bendlu futhi bahlole ukufaneleka kwabo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngisho cottage enkulu kakhulu kunazo zonke zingalahleka ngemuva kwesizinda esincane kodwa esihle kakhulu. Namuhla, kunezinto eziningi ezihlukene zokugqoka izindonga zangaphandle, kodwa isikhundla esiphambili sokuthandwa kwetshe lemvelo. Ukubhekana nesakhiwo sobuciko nempahla yemvelo kwenza isakhiwo sibe ngeso elihle futhi sibonise ukunambitheka okuhle kwabanikazi bendawo. Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi yobuhle, lo mhlobiso uvikela ngokuqinile izindonga kusukela emiphumeleni emibi yemicimbi yasemkhathini futhi usebenze njenge-heater. Yiziphi izinhlobo zamatshe ezingasetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso futhi yiziphi izici zobuchwepheshe bokufaka ukugoba kwemvelo okufanele kucatshangelwe ngokuningiliziwe.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zetshe lemvelo phambi kwezinto zokufakelwa?

• Izakhiwo ezihlotshiswe ngamatshe angokwemvelo zibukeka kahle futhi zibonakala kahle phakathi kwezakhiwo eziseduze.

• Izinto zokwemvelo ziphikisana kakhulu nokulimala komshini futhi zinomsebenzi omude kakhulu.

• Itshe ligcina izindawo zalo ngaphansi kwethonya le-ultraviolet, umswakama kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ngakho-ke akuyona into eyenza ukuguquguquka, ukuqhuma nokuqhekeka.

• Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, imikhiqizo ayidingi ukwelapha ngezikhathi ezithile ngokumelene nokushisa, ukukhunta nokubunjwa, ngaleyo ndlela kunengxenye yokonga isabelomali sabaninikhaya.

• Ukubhekana nesigcawu sendlu ngetshe lemvelo, ngenxa yokuphikiswa komlilo, kuvumela ukuvikela isakhiwo ngomlilo kusuka ngaphandle.

• Uhlobo olunemibala nemidwebo lusiza ukukhetha inketho ezobukeka ngokuvumelanayo ngokuklama kwendawo yonke.

Izinhlobonhlobo zempahla yemvelo

I-limestone, i-shell rock, i-sandstone, i-marble, i-granite-konke lokhu kuyitshe lamvelo. Ukubhekana neziqhumane kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa uhlobo olulodwa noma ngokuhlanganisa izinketho ezahlukene. Ake sicabangele izici ezimfushane ngamunye wabo.

I-limestone yidwala eliyisidumbu, esakhiwa ikakhulu ezindaweni zasolwandle ezingavamile futhi ngezikhathi ezithile emzimbeni wamanzi ahlanzekile. Iqukethe ama-calcite nezinsalela ezincane zobumba, i-quartz nezinye izingxenye. I-limestone igcina ukushisa kahle, ayiphazamisi ukushintshanisa umoya futhi ivikela emisebeni.

I-Shell rock iyitshe eliqinile lemvelo, elinezigobolondo namagobolondo abahlali basolwandle. Kwenzeka kuphela kumbala wobisi. Okuqukethwe kunempilo ende yenkonzo, ukumelana nomlilo, ukukhwabanisa okukhulu komsindo kanye nezici zokugcina ukushisa.

I-Sandstone - idwala eliyisidumbu, elakhiwe ngenqubo yokucubungula isihlabathi emhlabathini noma phansi kwamagumbi. Itshe linemibala ehlukahlukene nokuthungwa, okuthandwa kakhulu. I-Sandstone imelana kakhulu nemicimbi yemvelo futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa.

I-marble, mhlawumbe, iyitshe elimnandi kakhulu futhi elihle kunazo zonke. Ukubhekana nesonto Imininingwane enjalo ayibangeli ubunzima, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. I-marble itholakala emibala engaphezu kwemihlanu, ibonakala ngokuqina futhi ifanele ukuqedela noma yikuphi ukuphakama.

I-Granite iboniswa ikhono lokumelana nama-frosts aqinile futhi ulwisana nanoma imuphi umonakalo. Lezi zimfanelo zenza kube yinto ehlala njalo futhi ethandwa kakhulu ebhekene nezakhiwo.

Ukubalwa kwempahla

Uma wenza umsebenzi we-façade, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi yiziphi izigaba eziyinhloko ezifaka ukugqokwa kwezindonga zangaphandle, lapho itshe lemvelo lisetshenziselwa umhlobiso. Ukubhekene nesibhakabhaka njalo kuqala ngokubala kwesilinganiso esidingekayo sokuqeda impahla. Njengoba ezinye izinhlobo zamatshe zibiza kakhulu, ukuze ugweme izindleko ezingenangqondo, kubalulekile ukwenza zonke izibalo ngendlela efanele.

Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa i-flat stone emsebenzini, kuyadingeka ukuthi ulinganise indawo okumele iqedwe futhi ihlukanise umphumela wendawo eyodwa ebhekene nayo. Abakhiqizi abajwayele ukuchaza lezi zimingcele ekupaketheni kwento.

Ukubhekwa kwamaconsi namajoyina izingxenye zitholakala kuye ngokulandelana kwalezi zindawo. Ubude obuphelele bazo zonke izingalo buhlukaniswe ubude bomkhiqizo owodwa. Umphumela ubonisa inani elidingekayo lelitje elibhekene nalo.

Ukulungiswa kwe-Wall

Manje sizocubungula indlela ukubhekwa kwesibhakabhaka kwenziwa ngayo ngetshe lemvelo. Ubuchwepheshe Ukuqedwa kwezindonga zangaphandle kusho ukulungiselela ngokucophelela ukukhishwa. Izindonga zenziwa ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwezinto eziwela phansi. Ukuthungatha izitini kanye nezendwangu zamapulangwe kususwe kahle, futhi ama-potholes akhiwe endaweni yawo ahlanganiswe futhi ahlanganiswe. Ukujula okungafani okungaphezulu kwe-2 cm kungabhalwa ngeglue, futhi izimbobo ezinkulu kunezingu-2 cm zivalwe ngodaka lensimbi.

Uma zonke izintambo ziqedwa, izindonga ziphathwa nge-primer ekhuthaza ukunamathela okunamandla kokugqoka okuhlobisa kuya kwi-substrate. Izindawo ezimbi (njengegobolondo rock) zidinga ukwelashwa izikhathi eziningana, ngoba isendlalelo sokuqala ivame ngokuphelele ukungena kuma-pores of the material. Ngemuva kokuba i-primer isomile ngokuphelele (ngemuva kwamahora angu-4-6), amatshe angokwemvelo angafakwa ezindongeni. Ukubhekene nesigcawu sempahla yemvelo kwenziwa kuphela esimweni sezulu esifudumele. Ukushisa kobuso obuqediwe kufanele kube phakathi kuka-+5 kuya ku-30 degrees.

Ukulala ngamatshe

Uma ufaka ukugqoka, okokuqala kudingekile ukuhlanza noma ukugeza izinto kusuka kokungcola nothuli, emva kwalokho kuhle ukuwomisa. Uma ubhekene nesigcawu ngetshe lemvelo, isithombe esingabonakala kulesi sihloko, siqala ngokulungiselela ikhambi lokunamathisela. Ukwakhiwa kulungiswe kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lokugqoka kanye nohlobo lwempahla yemvelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa i-glue ekhethekile noma ukulungisa umthamo wamasheya wekhwalithi, ugcine ngokucophelela ukulinganiswa okunconywayo. Ukubunjwa kusetshenziswe engaphansi kwezinto ezibonakalayo, lapho kusatshalaliswa ngendlela efanele ngendwangu.

Itshe licindezelwa kakhulu odongeni, ukuze inqwaba ye-adhesive yokwakhiwa iqhubekele emaphethelweni omkhiqizo. Isisombululo esiphuthumayo susa ngokucophelela nge-rag. Ngakho, lonke itshe lemvelo lihleliwe. Ukubhekana nama-facades nalesi sici kunesici esisodwa esihlukile. Iphuzu liwukuthi amalunga okuhlanganisa phakathi kwemikhiqizo kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha, njengoba izakhi zokuhlobisa zifakiwe. Njengoba kunikezwe lokhu, umxube we-grout kufanele ulungiswe kusengaphambili.

Uma kusetshenziselwa ukufakwa kunesidingo sokusika impahla, i-Bulgarian evamile nge- disc diamond noma umbuthano wokusika itshe uzobhekana nalo msebenzi.

Ukuqedwa kwezindonga zamapulangwe

Izakhiwo zezinkuni zidinga ukuvikelwa kogu oluphakeme kakhulu kunabanye, futhi ngokuvamile kusetshenziswe itshe lemvelo ngalezi zinhloso. Ukuze ubhekane nesiteleka sendlu yezwe, kubalulekile ukwenza izenzo eziningana ezingathinti izindonga zezitini nezakhonkolo, ngakho cabanga ngale nqubo ngokuhlukile:

1. Esikhathini esingaphansi kwesibhakabhaka ukuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi, okuzovikela izindonga kanye namabhande emiphumeleni eyingozi yomswakama.
2. Isigxobo sensimbi sinamathele phezulu (ububanzi bamaseli abukho ngaphansi kuka-30 mm), emva kwalokho isakhiwo sesigcawu senziwe.
3. Emhlabathini owomile, ngosizo lwezikulufa, uketshezi olukhethiwe luhlanganisiwe.

Izindleko

Izindleko zokuqeda ngamatshe angokwemvelo zixhomeke ngokuphelele kulokho okukhethiwe. I-limestone, i-shell rock ne-sandstone kubhekwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu yokonga futhi ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuqedela iziqhumane. Ngakho, ukubhekana ne-limestone kuyobiza kusuka kuma-rubrikhi angu-850 ngehora elilodwa le- ² , i-sandstone - kusuka kuma-ruble angu-1000 ngomzuzu ^wesibili , ne-rock shell - kusuka kuma-ruble angu-1,450 omqulu ofanayo. I-Granite ne-marble ngamatshe abizayo kakhulu, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, ukwethembeka kwabo nobuhle babo banqoba abanini bomhlaba abaningi. Izindleko zamamaki angabizi kakhulu granite ziqala kusukela ku-ruble 2000. Amatayela e-marble anenani lama-ruble angu-2200 ngehora elingu-1 m ² .

Isiphetho

Kulesi sihloko sesihlolisisile ukuthi yibuphi ubunqunu besakhiwo sendlu ngetshe lemvelo, Isithombe sezinketho ezehlukene nezici ezikhulayo. Ekuphetheni, ngingathanda ukuphawula ukuthi uma ukhetha ukwaziswa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabangela umsebenzi ozowufaka esisekelweni. Uma i-shell rock, i-sandstone ne-limestone inesisindo esincane, khona-ke i-granite ne-marble kakhulu kunzima izindonga zesakhiwo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kwezinye izimo, kufanelekile ukuqinisa noma ukwandisa isisekelo sendlu.