Isikhwama Mutual - fund mutual ...

Bang - This is a uhlobo utshalomali collective, kulandele inzuzo. Cash emabhange amaningi kunezelwa sikhwama sinye futhi bathola ezinye izimpahla. Ziyakwazi izibopho, unallocated metal akhawunti, amasheya, imali, ingcebo, okungukuthi isethi indinganiso umnumzana sika kwezezimali kuvunyelwa umthetho. I Isikhwama sibhekiswe abasebenzi ukukhulisa inzuzo ngosizo izimali wathola ngaphansi kolawulo, ukwandisa izimpahla yesikhwama kanye bamasheya ungathola indawo usebenzela inzuzo yazo.

Buhle Equity Fund

inhlokodolobha Qala-up angase abe mancane. Ezinye izimali bazimisele ukwamukela umnikelo ruble ayinkulungwane. Ngokuzimela ukuhlola imakethe akudingeki. It is kakade okwenza abantu abaqeqeshiwe abasebenza kulesi sikhwama.

Kusebenza kanjani lokhu

Hhayi noma iyiphi inhlangano, futhi ikakhulukazi umuntu yangasese, ungadala i PIF. Lolu hlobo umsebenzi ohlobene amalayisense. Ekhishwe Izikhungo Federal unesibopho kokulawulwa izimakethe zezimali Russian Federation. Leli gunya ayakuphuma ilayisensi efana, futhi ilawula eyalandela yesikhwama mutual. Ihlola senzeka okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Yingakho esiKhwameni kufanele ukuqhuba yonke imisebenzi efanele futhi asebenze ngaphakathi komthetho.

Uma ilayisense etholwe, lesi sikhwama ungaqala ukuheha abatshalizimali (bamasheya). Kungaba kokubili izakhamuzi kanye nezinhlangano. Umuntu ngamunye Ungathenga ukwabelana ethile imali, futhi leli nani kuyinto anawo kwabaphathi. Isikhwama zimali engakuthenga izibambiso ukuthi aphethwe iflothi khulula, okwenza ukuthengiselana okunjalo, yenza inzuzo, okuholela ekwandeni ukubaluleka amafa yesikhwama futhi ngenxa yalokho kukhulisa inani amayunithi.

Pai - kuyini?

Iyunithi utshalomali - kuba yesibambiso elungisa Iqiniso utshalomali yilowo otshale izimali esikhwameni kwezimali lemali. Ngamanye amazwi, zimali ngaleyo ndlela elungisa ilungelo lalo ukuba ingxenye impahla mutual funds. ubunikazi esibhaliwe semthethweni ngokusebenzisa entry akhawunti siqu depositor, okuyinto evulekile kumbhalisi yesikhwama mutual. Inombolo yokwabelana, okuzokwenza ubambe i zimali kungenzeka kube yinombolo wamaqhuzu.

Ukushintsha ukubaluleka iyunithi

Izindleko amayunithi, kanye ukubaluleka yimuphi omunye kwempahla, kweyame izingozi utshalomali. share intengo Okuzisholo akuyona, kodwa ngezikhawu ezithile, ukubala inani layo elilinganisiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, mutual funds intengo iyunithi ibalwa nsuku zonke ibhizinisi (ngezimpelasonto namaholidi intengo ilingana ngesikhathi sokugcina intengo).

Isikhawu Mutual Isikhwama yenzani ngosuku lokugcina kwesikhathi (isikhathi lapho ungakwazi ukukhokha futhi zithole amasheya) nowokugcina ngosuku obekusetshenzwa ngalo enyangeni. mutual funds Kuvaliwe ukubala inani ngosuku lokugcina ibhizinisi we inyanga nosuku uhamba ngosuku lokugcina kulethwa izicelo ukuthengwa ukwabelana ezengeziwe. Yonke imisebenzi sokuthenga / ukudayiswa ngesisekelo amanani abo lamasheya kwesiKhwama zenziwa ngosuku lokugcina ukwamukela izicelo.

Inani Kubalwa amayunithi ilula: intengo net kwempahla Inani Isikhwama mutual sika (NAV kusuka) ihlukaniswe ngenani nokwabelana. Ulwazi mayelana nabo ingabonwa encwadini okubhalwa kuyo Isikhwama zimali. Impahla ye-net Isikhwama mutual zinqunywa kukhishwa inani nezikweletu emafeni yesiKhwama (izimali labetibambile ngokuba zifakwe Isikhwama nama-akhawunti yayo).

inzuzo okuqinisekisiwe

Okuqinisekisiwe isivuno mutual funds, kanye nezinye izinsimbi zomculo zezimali azitholakali. Konke kunqunywa ubukhulu bale kwaneliswe isidingo ngoba isitokwe amafa. Futhi amayunithi kwezimali utshalomali hhayi anganikeza ukubuya okuqinisekisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi mayelana PIF ayikwazi ishiwo iziqinisekiso ku nenzuzo ngesikhathi inkampani eqhuba esikhathini esizayo. Lokhu esiningiliziwe esihlokweni 51 zoMthetho Federal "Ngo Investment Imali". Nokho, zimali esizayo kumele bakuqonde ukuthi inzuzo isiqinisekiso kungenzeka kuphela ongaphakeme ukuhoxa zomculo ezifana ezifakwa emabhange kanye nezibopho. Vele kube ukunciphisa izingozi esinyathelweni Ukukhetha, bese isivuno mutual funds kuzosiza ukwandisa imali.

Kangakanani imali yesikhwama

Uma umtshali wemali uyobe uye banquma ukutshala imali esikhwameni ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu, futhi izindleko unit ngayinye Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi ama-ruble ayizigidi ezine, uzokwazi ukuthenga amayunithi amabili nanhlanu. Ake sithi, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, amafa isikhwama sika wasukuma, izindleko unit ngayinye isibe elilingana ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyisithupha. Inani wonke amasheya zitholwa zimali-ke baqala ukwenza izinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi amahlanu. Ngakho wakwazi ukuzuza ruble ayizigidi ezingamashumi amahlanu ngaphandle izimali nezintela. Yileyo indlela ngayinye kwabanikazi bamasheya bangathola inzuzo yabo, usebenzisa ukwabelana mutual funds.

imithetho yimpumelelo utshalomali

Ingqikithi yalo mthetho ilula. Kufanele izimali eside. Isikhwama Mutual - a eside utshalomali sensimbi (iminyaka emibili). Ngakho-ke, zonke izimali ezitshaliwe Kumelwe ngilale iminyaka buthule elilandelayo amabili kuya kwamathathu futhi lenze imali. Lokhu utshalomali muhle ngoba akazange athonywe yesikhathi esifushane iyehla iyenyuka, okuyinto ekuthanda kangaka stock market. Lokhu kunikeza ezingeni eliphakeme nenzuzo.

Ngakho-ke kulandela umthetho wesibili: kufanele ukutshala izimali ukuthi awadingekile esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Investments esikhathini esifushane kungenzeka, futhi mhlawumbe ngisho inzuzo. Kodwa le ndlela akuqinisekisi nenzuzo yokutjala ngalinye mutual funds. Kufanele ukutshala okunokwethenjelwa izimali mutual, ukubuyekezwa nezilinganiso ephakamisa kungenzeka inzuzo.

Isilinganiso mutual funds

Thola ulwazi ukusebenza kwesiKhwama noma yimuphi omunye snap. Kuyinto kule domain yomphakathi. Kodwa lapho kudingeka ukuba sibheke ukutadisha amaphuzu amaningana.

• Uyini isilinganiso wenkampani ukuphathwa izimpahla ngaphansi ukuphathwa ngonyaka odlule? kweminyaka emibili? Three? Ukutadisha isilinganiso mutual funds, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi zimali itshala imali imali esikhathini eside, futhi ivuliwe ikhono inkampani ukuphathwa ukulahla emabhange imali kuzoncika nokuvikeleka izimali kanye impumelelo ye-investimenti.
• Kuyini isilinganiso inkampani ukuphathwa sika on inetha kwempahla ukubaluleka? Lokhu value kubonisa ukuthi kungakanani izimali iqhaza izimali ngaphansi ukuphathwa Criminal Code. Futhi ephakeme kangaka, ngaphezulu ukuthandwa inkampani ukuphathwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuzethemba okukhulu kuwo.
• Yini isilinganiso mutual funds ngu amafa ngaphansi ukuphathwa? Kungcono hlola sibalo ngoba ngonyaka futhi ngemva kweminyaka emithathu.
• Uyini isilinganiso yesikhwama mutual enetheni kwempahla ukubaluleka?
• Yini isilinganiso mutual Isikhwama isivuno? Kuyinto lokhu simo ikhanga zimali kwasekuqaleni. Kulolu hlu lifaka eliphakeme isivuno kwezimali, okuyinto bakwazi ukufeza kwabanye isikhathi. Ngokwesibonelo, mutual funds Sberbank ukuphathwa kuye kwaholela yokuthi isikhwama "Sberbank --Inthanethi yembulunga yonke," esikhishwe inzuzo ngoba ngonyaka 49,91%.

Indlela ukuthenga amasheya?

Akukho inkinga. Kwanele ibe ehhovisi lenkampane ukuphathwa noma ubheke ayengumlamuleli waso. Indima umlamuleli ngokuvamile kudlalwa yizinkampani utshalomali noma amabhange. Kube uzocelwa ukuba ugcwalise futhi lokusayina imiqulu elandelayo:

• Isicelo ukuvula i-akhawunti. Lapho inkampani ukuphathwa ambalwa, kanye zimali unqume ukwenza izimali Isikhwama eyodwa akuyona le nkampani, futhi i-akhawunti kufanele livulwe ngomnikelo ngamunye.
• amafomu okubhalisa.
• Isicelo ukuthengwa amayunithi utshalomali.

Wonke amadokhumenti iyawakha futhi wasayina triplicate, futhi lapho esebenza umlamuleli - e ezine. Nge amaphepha, yebo, kukhona kancane izinkinga. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kusukela inkampani ukuphathwa uzommisa yokufuna ukwabelana ngayo yonke imininingwane.

Yamadivayisi lamasheya

Lesi senzo kufana ukuthenga. Futhi kudingeka ukuba ngivakashele ihhovisi ukuphathwa nokubhala isitatimende, kulesi simo ukukhokha. Ngokuvamile imibhalo kuphela passport liyadingeka, kodwa kukhona ulwazi olubalulekile ngokuthi inani amayunithi aphethwe zimali, inombolo yama-akhawunti siqu. Ngakho-ke kungcono uhambe nge iphakethe egcwele imibhalo.

Kubalulekile nokukhumbula izindawo ezazingase zithengiswe futhi ukuthenga mutual funds ezahlukene kwenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, noma kunalokho, ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene. izimali Mutual, iningi esizovumela zimali ukuze akwazi ukuthengisa kunoma yiziphi izinsuku zokusebenza, isikhawu - isikhawu kuvulwa, ivaliwe - ezakhiwe lapho Isikhwama mutual noma ukwabelana ezengeziwe abekwa. Kodwa kungaba khona okuhlukile.

yokuthengisa ukuthengiselana kanye ukuthengwa ngo- broker

Ngo ukuthengiselana ngamasheya ngokusebenzisa nomdayisi kunezinzuzo zako.

• amayunithi Ukuthenga kwezimali avaliwe futhi isikhawu ayatholakala yiluphi usuku lapho exchange isitokwe isebenza.
• Okungenzeka ukugwema amacala engeziwe for ukuthengwa nokudayiswa kwamasheya at isaphulelo.
• Ijubane isicelo yilowo otshale izimali.
• Awudingi ukuya ehhovisi lenkampane ukuphathwa.

Nokho, kukhona nemibi. Akuwona wonke Isikhwama mutual udalula amasheya abo phezu exchange isitokwe. "ICB", "Metropol", "Interfin Capital", "Uralsib" - isibonelo izinkampani ukuphathwa limelelwa exchange isitokwe. "Sberbank Asset Management", okuyinto mutual funds ethulwa kwi exchange stock, futhi omunye yezinkampani ezinkulu ukuphathwa kwempahla. ukwabelana ezinjalo hhayi zezimali eliphakeme ngakhoke lisakazeka lizophakama. Kunalokho, amaphrimiyamu kanye izaphulelo ngeke ukushintshanisa ikhomishini futhi broker (noma ngabe ngezansi izikhathi ezimbalwa), kanye ebhodini, nakuba ayengafiki ngaso sonke isikhathi, amasevisi depositary.

PIF. amabhange

amabhange Abaningi abenza umnikelo amasevisi 'plus mutual funds. " Ngakho, depositor lapho ukubeka imali bavame walubeka isithakazelo zaba umnikelo, futhi bonke abanye uthenge amayunithi iyunithi izimali utshalomali iphethwe yi- Criminal Ikhodi ibhange efanayo. Ingabe lo omuhle, noma libi, kuncike umsebenzi inkampani ukuphathwa. Phela, uma inzuzo enhle imisebenzi amayunithi idlula inzalo imali, okuyinto Yiqiniso, zimali kuyoletha injabulo. Kungenjalo, zimali uzozisola inzuzo okwakulahlekile afike, lapho bengiyakubeka zonke izindlela ezitholakalayo ngesimo iminikelo kanye nenzalo.

intela

Khokha intela engenayo kuyodingeka kuphela ukwabelana ahlengwe. Lona yokukhokha kuphela ukuthi udinga "ukunikeza" intandokazi intela. Inzuzo ukubala elula - kungcono umehluko phakathi Inani lamanje wokwabelana izindleko zokuthenga yabo. Ngokuvamile, ukubala kanye kokubanjwa kwanoma intela kusuka ngabanye - nejoka inkampani ukuphathwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zimali ngeke kudingeke basebenzelane self-ukugcwalisa intela ukubuya. Ukuze izakhamuzi of intela kuyoba 13 amaphesenti angu-non-izakhamizi - angu-30.

izindleko shareholder

izinhlobo ezimbili eyinhloko ikhomishini ukuthi kwentiwa e mutual funds kungathiwa.

• IKhomishana, okuyinto kukhulisa inani iyunithi ekuzuzeni (sikukhokhise inhlawulo lapho uthenga). Kufanele singadluli eyodwa nengxenye wamaphesenti izindleko ezilinganiselwa eyodwa per unit. Ezinye izinkampani ukuphathwa futhi akazange asole wakhe.
• IKhomishana, okuyinto kunciphisa inani le-share lapho ukuthengisa (Isaphulelo ukudayiswa). Kufanele singadluli amaphesenti amathathu abe namandla enani elilinganisiwe.

Imiholo inkampani nezimenenja, ethengiswayo, umcwaningi mabhuku, umbhalisi, depositary kuhlobene kwemali igrafu. Kodwa zonke amanga ngaphakathi amaphesenti ambalwa futhi zaba lapho kubalwa inani lamasheya.

abadlali Key

1. Uralsib. Izimali ezilinganayo. "Eyokuqala Uralsib" "Uralsib ukutshalwa Ukuthembisa", "Eurobonds Uralsib", "Uralsib lwezezimali yemboni" nabanye Eminyakeni yamuva, okubuyayo mayelana nezimali Uralsib kwesokunxele kancane, futhi bonke ngothi lwabo bagxile izinkundla ze-non-core. Management Inkampani "Uralsib", mutual funds okuyinto ekuqaleni wabonisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, manje ngaphansi ukugxeka esindayo bezimali. Abatshali abaningi bezimali bakholelwa ukuthi eyabo bazokwazi ukufeza imiphumela engcono kakhulu isivuno.
2. izimali Mutual, VTB, "VTB - Isikhwama Eurobonds", "VTB - Equity Fund", "VTB - Isikhwama Olinganiselayo", "VTB - MICEX Inkomba", "VTB - Fund Telecommunications", njll Izimali VTB ezahlukene isivuno, kodwa izibalo zezikhalazo ezifakwe wathola. ku kwamakhasimende. Ngakho-ke, lapho sicabanga ngamandla mutual funds VTB njengoba ithuluzi utshalomali, udinga uzilungiselele salokhu.
3. Sberbank isisekelo senkampani yokusebenza - "Sberbank Asset Management." Izimali ezilinganayo :. "Sberbank - kwemithombo yemvelo", "Sberbank - emkhakheni wezezimali", "Savings Bank - Europe", "Savings Bank - Melika", "Sberbank - igolide", njll Lokhu Criminal Code umise ngokwaso njengoba ithembekile, futhi akumangalisi lokhu.

Eminye yemibuzo ku mutual funds

ngabe umnikelo lamasheya kungenzeka? Yebo, cishe. Kuyinto okwanele ukuba aphethe indinganiso inkontileka umnikelo ngokubhala abavamile.

Can ukwabelana ngofuzo? Iye, bangakghona, ngendlela jikelele. Russian Civil Code likuchaza ngokuningiliziwe indlela lokhu okwenziwa ngayo.

isiphetho

Ngakho, mutual funds - yindlela enhle ukutshala futhi ukwandisa imali yabo. Into esemqoka - ukukhetha isisekelo ayakufanelekela. Lapho eqhathanisa mutual Isikhwama futhi Brokerage akhawunti njengoba indlela utshalomali iqala depositor hlalani samuntu kuqala. Phela, ngaphezu izinzuzo ezichazwe ngenhla, kukhona eyengeziwe:

• Ungakwazi ukutshala isamba encane futhi ukusizakala amathuluzi enenzuzo kakhulu (Inkomba iphothifoliyo, ingcebo nezinye).
• Abatshalizimali, imali imali mutual funds, ukwethembana ukuphathwa ochwepheshe (kulesi sici iyafana isikhwama ithemba).
• Nakuba imali yesikhwama mutual ayikuvumeli ukusebenzisa zonke izici emakethe izibambiso ngokwayo, kodwa zimali ekhulula isikhathi sakho ukwenza ezinye izinto. Futhi uzovuma, kuyinto enkulu plus kakhulu.

Ngamanye amazwi, uma abatshalizimali ungathandi ukuze asebenzelane nabo bonke butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthela izibambiso emakethe, futhi ungathanda ukutshala, investimenti mutual funds - ithuluzi ukuthi kuzovumela hhayi nje kuphela ukulondoloza kodwa futhi ukwandisa imali.