Isifo Dutch - lomkhuba ezithakazelisayo kakhulu emnothweni wamazwe omhlaba

International kwezomnotho ubudlelwane - kwakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi futhi enezici, futhi ngesinye isikhathi kunzima ukunquma ukuthi izici ezithile ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa wayo. Cishe njalo, into okubonakala unganakile nangokunembile omuhle, ithwala abanye usongo ezifihliwe emnothweni wezwe lapho zenzeka. Omunye kulezi zinkanyezi iyona isifo Dutch. Efihla ngemuva igama inkinga futhi kuphakama kanjani, sizoxoxa ngani kulesi sihloko.

isifo Dutch - umphumela ephakama kusukela lokuthi esicini esisodwa noma ngaphezulu imikhakha yezomnotho ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha iqala, okuholela oluqinisayo sina izinga lokushintshisana. Ngenxa yalokho lezi ezibonakala esihle umnotho izenzakalo eziholela ekubeni nezinkinga ezingathi sína. Imithombo theory abonisa ukuthi akunandaba kulokho wemboni waqala ukukhula eqinile, kodwa umkhuba kusaziwa ukuthi isifo Dutch kwenzeka kaningi endabeni kokutholakala imali enkulu amaminerali ezaziwayo. Kodwa, lo mkhuba ubizwa ngokuthi umphumela Groningen - yokudumisa izindawo eNetherlands, lapho ezifakwa omkhulu Igesi yemvelo Kwatholakala abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule.

Ake sihlole kabanzi mshini isenzo lapho isifo Dutch ilimaza umnotho. Ngenxa amaminerali (ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ugqugquzela imithombo) kukhona ezimakethe zomhlaba eqolo, isimo siqala ukuthekelisa mithombo eziphethe imakethe yomhlaba wonke, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi iqala inflow ezibucayi izimali zakwamanye amazwe kuleli zwe. Ukwanda reserves angaphandle kuholela nokuqinisa kokubili okuzisholo futhi real lokuhwebelana lwemali kazwelonke. Futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi aqale ukudla, ukuze babonwe imiphumela emibi:

1) intengo ukungena ukuze izwe encishisiwe ngenxa ukwanda lwemali lalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, lemali yezimpahla ezithengwa iyakhula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, nokukhishwa nanoma imuphi umuntu ngaphandle izinsiza oshiwo ngenhla imikhiqizo, akubonakali zikhanga kangaka. Ngenxa yalokho, akuzange kube khona ukwehla okuphawulekayo nokuthengiswa net futhi etshekile in oyiyo;

2) ngenxa yokuthi imboni yezimayini manje kubonakala oholela kangcono ukuze uqale izinguquko ezihlelekile emnothweni - iqala ukwehla embonini yokukhiqiza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa ukukhula kwemali ngeniso sabantu wemboni sevisi bayaqhubeka bekhula isikhathi esithile, okuholela nokukhula kwe-GDP angahlala ezingeni elifanayo, ukuze umthelela ongemuhle isifo Dutch kuyinto isifihlwa;

3) inflow of currency angaphandle iba imbangela ngcono sangaphandle eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi, ukwandisa imali eyiphinda sabantu (lapha udlala indima kuyisici zezombusazwe - uhulumeni ukuze aqinisekise udumo uzama ukukhulisa amaholo ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi kungukuthi kuqinisekiswa ukukhula ngempela umnotho). Ngakho, ukwanda kanye funa aggregate, esingenakubalwa uyaneliswa sipho emakethe. Iqala spin up ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza emali.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngo-1955 i-ke umfundi othile wezomnotho Rybchinskiy wafakazela ukuthi ukwanda kokutheleleka kudlange kwezinye imikhakha yezomnotho icindezele abanye. Ngakho, Rybczynski theorem kanye nesifo i-Dutch atehlukaniseki: owokuqala uyisibonelo theory, kanti eyesibili - ukugcwaliseka salo esisebenzayo.

umlando Economic lamazwe angaphandle futhi kufanele bafunde. Sikholelwa ukuthi ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, bambalwa abantu ngeke ukungabaza isifo Dutch eRussia ayisekho baphawula eyishumi yokuqala futhi useqale kusukela nenkathi yamaSoviet. Ngakho-ke uyelulekwa ukuba bamukele okuhlangenwe nakho Holland esifanayo nakwamanye amazwe zokudambisa imiphumela zalesi simo, futhi sethemba ukuthi esikhathini esizayo ezweni lethu bayobuyela isakhiwo evamile yezomnotho.