Isakhiwo yokwakheka wamaphaphu womuntu

Isakhiwo bulimaza imigudu yokuphefumula kubantu kuqinisekisa umsebenzi walo emzimbeni ukunikeza negesi lokushintshisana. womuntu umgudu wokuphefumula siqukethe yomoya futhi umnyango zokuphefumula kwakhiwa alveoli. Airways iyokwakhiwa acinene ingaphakathi, amalaka, kuqhoqhoqho, bronchi. Komoya ukufuthelana, moisturized, bahlanza kusuka uthuli. UMnyango zokuphefumula of zokuphefumula negesi lokushintshisana kwenzeka umoya-mpilo ne-carbon dioxide. Cabanga isakhiwo yamaphaphu womuntu.

Amaphaphu kukhona esifubeni, futhi kuthatha ingxenye enkulu kuwo. evele yabo, ngaphandle ingxenye impande ihlanganiswa ne pleura visceral. Phakathi amashidi we parietal futhi pleura visceral kuba avaliwe ingaphakathi pleural.

Through the izimpande kalula uxhumeke kwi-main bronchi, igazi lymph izitsha, impumuzo.

isakhiwo Segmental yamaphaphu womuntu

Ilungelo wamaphaphu ifomu iyizingxenye ezintathu, kwesokunxele - amabili. Lobe ngasinye siqukethe izingxenye. I yamuva ayizona iyunithi kwesakhiwo obusebenzayo kwamaphaphu. ingxenye angamasongo isivivane, beyizidalwa eziphakeme kunazo maqondana empandeni wamaphaphu base - kuya pleura. Umngcele phakathi kumasegimenti iyona ezicutshini, lapho kukhona izitsha intersegmental.

In the right Lobe engenhla yamaphaphu yakhiwa apical, anterior kanye posterior izingxenye, isilinganiso - kusuka ngaphandle nangaphakathi, phansi - elingenhla posterior-medial, i-basal, i-basal anterior, i-basal ezilingene posterior izingxenye basal.

Iphaphu kwesokunxele Lobe engenhla luhlanganisa apical, posterior, anterior, izingxenye engenhla futhi nizhneyazychkovy, ephansi - engenhla posterior-medial basal, i-basal anterior, i-basal ezilingene posterior basal.

Iphaphu kwesokunxele medial ingxenye basal ingahlalisekanga, kanye apical kanye posterior abe bronchus ezivamile.

ingxenye Bronchopulmonary iyona yokwakheka, bokuphila futhi emtholampilo iyunithi, ngaphakathi kwalo la i ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo sokugembula siyenzeka.

imithambo yamaphaphu kanye emithanjeni akha simiso yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini, konke okubaliwe isakhiwo isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi of umuntu. Iqala indilinga lencane isiqu yamaphaphu, okuyinto siphuma i-ventricle yangakwesokudla futhi sithwala igazi elinikeza emithambo yegazi emaphashini. Esikhathini alveoli yamaphaphu negesi lokushintshisana kwenzeka, lapho igazi is ahlanganiswe umoya-mpilo futhi sihamba ngemithambo yamaphaphu phakathi ATRIUM ngakwesokunxele. Standalone ukugeleza kwegazi emaphashini futhi bronchi enikeziwe imithambo bronchial kanye emithanjeni, okuqondene uhlelo enkulu kwegazi.

Lymph ageleza kude emaphashini ngokusebenzisa imigudu ye-lymph empandeni iphaphu, wedlula isendleleni ngokusebenzisa-lymph. Inani elikhulu of izindlala zamanzi etholakala eduze bronchi main kanye kuqhoqhoqho.

Innervation kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita bronchopulmonary ngezithukuthuku nonozwela futhi parasympathetic isimiso sezinzwa.

Isakhiwo wamaphaphu womuntu futhi umsebenzi zokuphefumula

Isakhiwo yokwakheka wamaphaphu womuntu eletha ukuphefumula zangaphandle. It sihlinzekela ukupholisa yamaphaphu kanye nokuhanjiswa kwe- amagesi ngokusebenzisa isithiyo emoyeni-igazi. Ukusebenza jikelele umgudu wokuphefumula, emishinini yokuphefumula kwegazi kanye neselula yakha uhlelo olulodwa obusebenzayo kabani operation sibhekiswe nokugcina Yiqiniso ejwayelekile izinqubo umzimba emzimbeni.

Ngaphezu umsebenzi zokuphefumula, kalula zenza imisebenzi non-zokuphefumula: umzimba, thermoregulatory, secretory, isithiyo, excretory. Ababandakanyeka izinqubo eziningi kwamakhemikhali. Ukuze imisebenzi non-zokuphefumula kwamaphaphu futhi zihlanganisa eqeda ukuvuvukala kanye immunological.

Kufanele ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo emaphashini bese uzama ahole indlela yokuphila enempilo.