Isakhiwo senhliziyo

Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi inhliziyo iyisitho esibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Naphezu kwalokho umuntu akwenzayo, umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakhe uboniswa kokubili esimweni sakhe sangaphakathi nangokubonakala kwakhe. Inhliziyo iyimoto eqhubekayo yokuphila ephikisana negazi elikhulu ngokusebenzisa izitsha. Indlela eyodwa yokugeleza kwegazi inikezwa amagagasi enhliziyo, evulekile ngaphansi kwengcindezi kwesinye isiqondiso. Inhlansi yezinhliziyo ivumelanise ngokunembile futhi ngokucacile, ihlangabezana nokulayisha ngokweqile okukhulu. Kuzo zonke izinto zokuphila komuntu, inhliziyo isebenza njalo, empeleni isekela lokhu kuphila.

Imisebenzi yezemidlalo ehlala njalo noma imisebenzi yemvelo yenza inhliziyo isebenze kanzima, futhi ngenxa yalokho, imisipha yenhliziyo iyaba denser. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ikhono lezakhi ze-ventricles landa. Uma imisipha yenhliziyo idangele emsebenzini futhi ayikwazi ukudlula yonke igazi engena emgodleni, ukunwetshwa okunamandla kwenhliziyo nenhliziyo ukuhluleka kungase kuthuthuke . Ukuze uqonde kangcono zonke lezi zinqubo, kubalulekile ukuhlola umqondo onjengokuthi "isakhiwo senhliziyo".

Isakhiwo sangaphandle senhliziyo

Njengomthetho, ngegama elithi "inhliziyo" umuntu ucabanga inhliziyo encane ebomvu egwazwe ngumcibisholo we-Cupid. Kodwa ingabe ibukeka ngempela njengale? Yebo akunjalo.

Ukuma kwenhliziyo kuyisigaxa, i-oblate ekuqondeni kwe-anteroposterior. Isakhiwo senhliziyo sisho ukuhlukana phakathi kwesisekelo kanye nesigcawu. I-base yincenye ekhulisiwe ekhomba ngakwesokudla, phezulu nakancane emuva, iphoyinti ingxenye ephansi ekhomba, ngokulandelana ngokuqondiswa ngakwesobunxele, phansi futhi kancane phambili.

Ngaphandle komzimba walesi sitho kungatholakala izinhlobo eziningi zemifula ne-grooves, ezenza imithwalo yegazi. Okukhulu kunazo zonke kunamagama abo. Lokhu, isibonelo, yi-sulcus ye-coronal, egijima ngaphesheya kwe-axis ye-cardiac futhi iyinkomba yangaphandle yokuqothula kwe-ventricles ne-atria. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebusweni benhliziyo kukhona izindawo eziphambene nezindawo zangasese zangaphandle - izibonakaliso zangaphandle zemingcele ye-ventricles. Lapha futhi ulale izitsha zenhliziyo. Kuzo zonke izinto, ebusweni benhliziyo kunemiphakathi emibili - ama-atric of the atria.

Isakhiwo sangaphakathi senhliziyo

Ngaphakathi, inhliziyo ibonakala iyinkimbinkimbi. Into yokuqala okufanele uyiqaphele, ukutadisha isakhiwo senhliziyo, ukuthi kukhona ama-valves amane anikezela ukugeleza kwegazi ekuqondeni phambili futhi avimbele i-current reverse. I-tri-fold ne-mitral i-valve-ventricular valves ihlukanisa ama-ventricles avela ku-valve, i-pulmonary kanye ne-aortic semilunar valves - ama-ventricles avela emithanjeni emikhulu. Zonke zazo zinamathele emasukeni enhliziyo enhliziyweni. Inhliziyo ikhiqizwa izicubu ezinzima kakhulu, okuyizinto ezisekela imisipha nama-valve.

Ngokuvamile, echaza isakhiwo senhliziyo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi inhliziyo ngokwayo iqukethe amakamelo amane: i-atrium kwesokunxele, i-atrium elungile, i-ventricle kwesokunxele ne-ventricle efanele. Zonke zihlukaniswa ngamahlukaniso. I-atrium kwesokunxele ihlanganisa imithanjeni yamaphalenda, e-atrium-engenalutho. Kusukela kuma-ventricle angakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele, umthambo we-pulmonary kanye nokuphuma kwe-aorta, ngokulandelana. I-atrium elungile ne-left ventricle ivala umbuthano omkhulu wokujikeleza, i- atrium kwesokunxele ne-ventricle efanele-umbuthano omncane.

Ingaphakathi langaphakathi lamagumbi okushaya inhliziyo kanye namagagasi ahlanganiswe nengqimba yamangqamuzana okuthiwa endothelial - i-endocardium. Ezingxenyeni ze-fibroblasts ezingaphansi kwe-subendocardial, i-collagen kanye ne-fiberglastiki, izinzwa, imithanjeni, izakhi ze-system yokuqhuba ziqukethe. Lezi zicubu ziqhubeka ne-myocardium - ungqimba olukhulu kakhulu lwamascle, olunezingqamuzana zomzimba wenhliziyo. Qaphela ukuthi ngaphandle kwe-carbohydrate kunezingqimba zamanoni nezicubu ezihlangene ezihlanganisa izinzwa ezidlulela emgqeni wezinhliziyo, nezitsha ezinkulu zenhliziyo.

Ukwakhiwa kwenhliziyo kuyisikhathi esithakazelisayo nesibalulekile esithombeni somuntu. Kuye kuphela ukuqonda ekugcineni zonke izinhlayiya zalo mbuzo, kungenzeka ukuqonda indlela umzimba wethu uhlelwe ngayo nokuthi impilo yomuntu igcinwa kanjani.